佝偻病介绍英文版

Rickets（佝偻病）,What is rickets?,Rickets rikits is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calciumklsim, or phosphatefsfet（磷酸）.,The reasons cause rickets：,1.The baby spend too little time outside under the sun.,2.The baby doesnt have enough foods containing vitamin D.,3.The mothers breed feeding dont receive vitamin D supplements.,4.The baby cant make or use vitamin D because of a medical disorder such as disease.,5.The baby is grow too fast to have enough calcium.,Physical condition:,1.Early stage:,Especially 3 months babyNerve excitability increasedEmtion unsteablehyperhidrosis pressure alopecia,2.Action stage:,Performance;bone change and sport function development delay Head :3-6 months Brain softening 7-8 months Square head Cross head Bregmatic enlarge/delay close Teething delay Enamel deficiency,Action stage:,Chest: one year old Thoracic deformity,chicken breast,Funnel breast,Action stage:,Extremity:over 6 months rachitis bangle braceletOne year old bowleg or X shaped leg,Action stage:,Spinal column: kyphosis （后凸） Scoliosis （侧凸）,Action stage:, Motor function develop slow: Muscle tone is decreased(肌张力下降), Development：,nerve and spirit develop slow.,Frog belly(蛙形腹),3.Recovery stage：, After doing some comprehensive treatment , the patient condition will become better.,4.Sequelae stage(后遗症期)：,Patients with severe disease may have some skeletal deformity(骨骼畸形).,Supplementary Examination:,X-ray examination：,Biochemical examination：,Whats the treatment principle and main measures?,Treatment principle : 1.Control the condition. 2.Prevent skeletal malformations.,Main measures:1.Vitamin D treatment: Main oral vitamin D(General dosage for 50-100ug/d.) But, Severe children can inject the vitamin D3 for 7500-15000ug and change in oral after 2-3 months.,2.General treatment : Importantly , strengthen the babys nutrition and ensure that he is absorbed enough milk.Moreover, sticking to do some outdoor activities is good for his condition.3.The severe skeletal deformity can consider to do surgery.,1.Altered nutrition（营养失调）2.Potential for infection（有感染的危险）3.Complication（潜在并发症）4.Knowledge deficit（知识缺乏）,nursing diagnoses：,nursing measures：,1.Doing more ativities in outdoor（增加户外活动）,2.Increasing the intake of Vitamin D（增加维生素D的摄入）,3.Preventing the children from the bacteria（预防感染）,4.Preve