2015年广东学位英语复习资料.doc

2015年广东非英语专业学位英语复习纲要2015-3-1 广东省学位英语考试介绍 词汇与语法词汇与语法 42501800(词汇归纳记忆) 500200 (重点词组点拨）（例题） 记忆法宝：词缀 题型特点：题数多分数少 40题 20分 时间短 “一秒钟” 范围：“三最”：最基本的语法知识、最常见的固搭，最明显的词义辨析重点语法及答题技巧分析名词、代词、冠词、连词、数词特殊用法副词,介词(短语),动词短语非谓语动词不定式，动名词，现在分词，过去分词虚拟语气，强调句，主谓一致-(真题回顾)，倒装句,反义疑问句,各类从句比较级，最高级时态一般现在时、将来时，现在进行时，完成时 复习方法单词：利用词缀巧记忆归类法以触类旁通词义辨析多接触落实习题印象深语法：分类归块结合实例加以理解做题消化总结、记忆 做题方法： 先易后难找准考点排除再排除重点词组点拨-例题1. There are many inconveniences that have to be _when you are camping.（07年真题） A. put up with B. put down to C. put off D. put away (P242)2. I dont have much money, hed say. “I need to my school loans. （07年真题）A. pay out B. pay backC. pay down D. pay for (P242)3. _, gold is treasured not only for its beauty but also for its utility. （07年真题）A. In conclusion B. In contrast C. In addition D. In comparison (P236)4. The factory had to _ number of employees because of the economic decline in the country. A. lay out B. lay off C. lay aside D. lay down (P238)5. Dont worry me now, I will mend that coat _. A. by and by (P231) B. off and on (P240) C. back an forth (P230) D. now and then now and then 偶尔，有时6. Would you please _the TV a little? The children are doing their homework.turn onB. turn offC. turn upD. turn down7. We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all _. A. given awayB. kept away C. taken upD. used up8. My boss did not _from his desk when I entered his office.A. look outB. look aroundC. look downD. look up9. Hermans success is _ his hard work and his academic ability.A. used toB. equal to C. due toD. close to重点词缀1.表示否定意义的前缀 dis-, in-, im-, un-, ir-, non-, il-, de-, anti-, 如：dishonest, dislike, disappear, disappoint, disadvantage, disconnect, incapable, indirect, immoral, impossible, illegal, unable, uncover, unlucky, decrease, antiwar, antiknock2.名词后缀-er, -or, -ist, -ics, -ism, -tion, -ment, -ness, -th, -ity, -ure, -ship, -hood从事某种职业或动作的人： worker, runner, professor, doctor, actor, physicist, pianist, chemist, psychologist学科：physics, economics, athletics行为，状态，过程及其结果： treatment, appointment, movement, astonishment性质，程度: goodness, kindness, sadness, tiredness, friendliness, happiness身份，职业，情况 :hardship, friendship, childhood, neighborhood其他 : depth, truth, length, growth, pressure, failure, procedure, reality, ability, purity, socialism, communism, modernization, realization, action, determination, solution, decision, hesitation, transportation, invitation, generation, expectation, explanation, impression, 3. 形容词后缀-able, -al, -ial, -ish, -ive, -ly, -ful, -ous, -less movable, eatable, comfortable, applicable, responsible, natural, additional, educational, potential, essential, official, foolish, selfish, active, sensitive, impressive, decisive, childish, likely, lovely, lonely, deadly, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful, dangerous, respectful, peaceful, grateful, generous, various, countless, wireless, hopeless, helpless4. 动词词缀-ize, -en, -fy, -ish, -ate, -ate modernize, quicken, weaken, soften, beautify, purify, qualify, intensify, simplify, finish, abolish, diminish, establish, separate, operate, indicate,重点合成词u 复合名词： hardware, highway, businessman, network, bystander，weekend, spacecraft, passer-by, by-product, side-effectu 复合形容词：kind-hearted, state-owned, duty-free, large-scale, far-reachingu 合成动词：overthrow, uphold, undergo，overcomeu 合成代词：someone, somewhere, everybody, nowhere, everything, nothing最常见的固搭1.e6.get7. give8. gon 名词所有格： s, ofn 名词与主谓一致Mary and Lindas bookMarys and Lindas books.n 人名+s=某人的店铺，家庭，学校等地点。I usually buy some meat at the Johnsons.They took part in the birthday party at Toms.n of 所有格名词词组第二次出现时，用that/those 代替。The population of New York is greater than that of Chicago.纽约的人口比芝加哥多。 n 双重所有格（一定用名词性物主代词）One friend of mine mentioned it.n 双重所有格& “of+名词”He is a friend of my fathers. (侧重父亲的朋友不只一个。)He is a friend of my father. (侧重“他”是父亲的朋友)n 人称代词顺序：第二人称(you) , 第三人称(he,she,they), 第一人称(I,we)n 不定代词与形容词的位置、反义疑问句、作主语（单数）练习n I dont know _ standing over there.n the girls name B. the names girln the name of the girl D. the names of girl2. Todays libraries differ great from _.n the past B. those of the past C. that are past D. those past3. The police investigate the _ about the bank robbery.A. stander-by B. standers-by C. stander-bys D.standers-bys1. the +adj.the unemployedthe poor/richthe questionedthe struggledthe disadvantagedthe injuredthe oldthe young2. 零冠词的使用n 专有名词： Tiananmen Squaren 节假日: New Years Day, May day, Christmas, April Fools Day (中秋，端午例外)n 杂志： News Week, Times, Readers Digestn 一年四季: spring, summer, fall/autumn, winter3. 学位英语中常遇到的固定搭配及与冠词有关的表达n 使用定冠词的表达by the wayon the wholein the endon the way totell the truthin the possession ofl 使用不定冠词的表达 as a matter of fact, as a rule, have a chance, have a good time, have a say, have a try, keep an eye on, on a large scale, in a hurry, take a walk, take an interest inl 不使用冠词的表达 at noon/night/dawn, in front of, at bottom, in order, in public/private/danger/trouble/advance/sight/ in fashion, in fact, at hand, at last, at present, day and night, on top of, take part in, take place 连词重点点拨一、连词属于虚词之一，它不能在句子里独立地担任句子成分，而只能起连接作用连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子。例如：Would you like some tea or coffee ? （连接词与词）您是喝茶，还是喝咖啡 ？Do we have our meeting in the morning or in the afternoon ? （连接短语与短语）我们是上午开会，还是下午开会？Do it carefully, or youll make some mistake.（连接句子与句子）认真地干，不然会出差错的。二、连词主要可分成两类：并列连词（Coordinating Conjunctions）:用来连接平行对等（即互不从属）的词、词组、或分句。按其表示的不同意思有下面几种：1）表示转折意思but , yet , however , nevertheless 2）表示因果关系for , so , therefore , hence3）表示并列关系and , or , eitheror , neithernor , not onlybut (also) , bothand , as well as 从属连词（Subordinating Conjunctions）:是用来引起从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说，从属连词主要引起名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）和状语从句，不会引起定语从句。1. 引起名词从句的连词：that , whether , if2. 引起状语从句的连词：1）时间状语从句：when , whenever , as , while, before , after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every time, the moment, instantly, directly2）地点状语从句：where , wherever 3）原因状语从句：as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , not thatbut that 4）目的状语从句：that , so that , in order that , lest , for fear that , in case 5）结果状语从句：that , so that , such that6）条件状语从句：if , unless , so/as long as, so far as, on condition (that ) ,provided ( that )7）让步状语从句：though , although , no matter , even if , even though , however , whatever8）比较状语从句：than , as9）方式状语从句：as , as if , as though 写作中常用的过渡词可以分为以下几类：（1）表并列关系的过渡词：and, also， as well, as well as， or, too, not onlybut also, both and, either or, neithernor等。（2）表递进关系的过渡词：besides, in addition（加之，除之外）, moreover(此外，而且), whats more， whats worse等。 （3）表转折对比的过渡词：but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, not onlybut also, the formerthe latter, the first whereas the second, on the one hand on the other hand, someothers等。（4）表原因的过渡词：because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to, for this reason, owing to, considering that, seeing that等。（5）表结果的过渡词：so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, hence, sothat, suchthat, accordingly等。（6）表条件的过渡词：if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as等。（7）表时间的过渡词：when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment等。（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词：first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterwards（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）等。（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词：in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词：for instance, for example, take as an example, namely, such as, like, in other words, that is to say, that is等。（11）表陈述事实的过渡词：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth等。 （12）表强调的过渡词：certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, of course, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely等。（13）表比较、对比的过渡词：like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, be similar to, on the contrary, by contrast, on one hand, on the other hand, otherwise 等。（14）表目的的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to等。（15）表总结的过渡词：in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusionin summary, on the whole等。（16）表增补的过渡词：in addition, furthermore, besides, moreover, whats more等。数词重要点拨一、基数词及其主要用法：表示数目的词称基数词。15 fifteen 242two hundred and forty-two，5058 five thousand and fifty-eight，9,600,000 nine million six hundred thousand1.基数词可以用于数字的计算。n 6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen.n 9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.n 7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five.n 84=2 Eight divided by four is two.2基数词可以表示人的大致年龄和年代。n He died in his fifties.n This took place in 1990s/1990s.n The professor became successful in his thirties.3基数词可以用来表达年份、时间、电话号码。n 1700 n seventeen hundredn 1814 n eighteen fourteenn 9:20 n nine twentyn 11:30 n eleven thirty/ half past elevenn 5:45 n five forty-five/ a quarter to six4基数词可以用于编号。n Number six, line 4, page 19, Bus (No.) 332, Platform (No.) 5, Room 1015基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语。n A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.n This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words.n (The baby is eleven months old.)n The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework.n (There are four thousand words in the essay.)n This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand.n (There are four paragraphs in this essay. )二、序数词及其主要用法表示顺序的词称为序数词。如first, second, third, fourth, ninth, twenty-first, forty-fifth等。序数词可以用来表示日期和世纪。May the first / the first of May(5.1), August the eighth / the eighth of August(8.8), the twentieth century, the twenty-first century序数词在句子中前面一般加then The first of October is our National Day.n She was the third to arrive.序数词在句子中前面加不定冠词，表示再一又一。n Theyll have to do it a second time.n Shall I ask him a third time?n When he sat down , a fourth man rose to ask.三、分数词的构成分数的分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示；若分子大于1，分母需用复数。n two-thirdsn (2/3),n one-thirdn (1/3), n nine-tenths (9/10),n (5/12)n five-twelfths特殊表达法有：one half (1/2),a quarter (1/4), three quarters (3/4) 。数词部分需特别注意dozen, hundred, million, billion 等词。 表示具体数字时，这些词用单数形式； 表示不具体的数字时，须用dozens of, hundreds of 这类的结构。n I want three dozen of these.n He has been there dozens of times.n It is reported that _ people in this area were saved in the storm.n A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. some hundredsn (答案 C)当数词与名词构成合成形容词时，合成形容词中间若用连字符，则其中的名词须用单数形式。n The homework for the next period is to write a two-hundred-word composition about your hometown.n Mary is a eleven-year-old girl.n (Mary is eleven years old.)倒装句考点归纳 英语句子通常有两种语序： 陈述语序、倒装语序。 将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。 倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装；而只将be 、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装。学位考试考察的重点是部分倒装。 一、完全倒装 (1)在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。 1.Here is the seat for you. 2.There goes the bell. 3.Now comes your turn. 4.Then followed three days of heavy rain. 注意：主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。 Here he comes. Here it is. (3)在象声词或以out, in, up, down, away等副词开头的句子里。 Out rushed the children. Off went the horses.二、部分倒装 (1)Only在句首，修饰副词，介词词组或状语从句时 1.Only then did he find it important to get along with others. 2.Only in this way can we make great progress. 3.Only after he came back were you able to see him. 以关联连词not only.but also开首的句子或者分句也是如此。 Not only did they break into his office, but they also destroy his computer. In no case _ be late for the annual board meeting to be held next Friday. A. should you B. you should C. will you D. you will 答案：A （2007学位英语真题） Not until the mid-1950s _ most automakers begin offering seat belts as optional safety features. A. did B. had C. do D. would 答案：A (2008年学位英语真题) No sooner_ the top of the mountain than it started raining cats and dogs. A. did the climbers reached B. the climbers reached C. have the climbers reached D. had the climbers reached 答案：D (2005年学位英语真题) 记住以下考点： _, the police would have caught the criminal earlier. A. Had they received the clue in time B. If they received the clue in time C. They have received the clue in time D. Did they receive the clue in time 答案：A (2005年学位英语真题) As his advisor, I believe that he is bound to accomplish much at your university he be admitted. A. might B. whether C. had D. should 答案：D （2007年学位英语真题） 记住以下考点： Though I am always free on Sundays, I seldom watch television. _ . A. So does my sister B. My sister doesnt C. My sister is too D. Nor does my sister 答案：D (2007年学位英语真题) As a matter of fact, our life styles are changing and our bodies changing . A. as such B. so such C. such as D. so are 答案：D (2007年学位英语真题) 注意以下考点： (5)当So位于句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或物）时。如： Her mother is a warm-hearted old lady, so is mine. 在So it is (was) with 的句型或者当So表示“的确如此，确实是这样”，以示同意和肯定某种说法，或者加以强调时，常常不引起倒装。 Li Ping studies hard, so he does. 因此我们常常可看到下列这类句子。 You say Tom went to the ball yesterday. So he did, and so did I. _, Bob still went on with the experiment. A. As he was tired B. As was he tired C. Tired as he was D. As tired as he 答案：C (2008年6月学位英语真题) 注意以下考点：巧记倒装句 下面的顺口溜可以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构。 NB前倒后不， O,NU主倒从不倒， 2N前倒后也倒， NM前后均不倒。 NB代表Not only，but also引导的并列句。 not only位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒后不倒”。如： Not only did he come，but also he was very happy 1.You like singing and dancing.A. So do I B. So I doC.I do so D. do I so 2.Her mother is a warm-hearted old lady.A. So my mother is B. So is my motherC. Is my mother so D. My mother so is Not untilsixteento school.A. he was；did he go B. he was；he wentC. was he；he did go D. was he；went he Hardly when it began to rain.A. had he got home B. he had got home C. had got home he D. he home had got A. B. A. A. Little .A. did I think of it B. I thought of itC. did think I of it D. thought of it I Never before in her life such beautiful and precious jewelry.A. he saw B. did he see C. has she seen D. she has seen So busy that he has no time to spare. A. he was B. was he C. he isD. is he Only in this way .A. we can well do it B. can we well do it C. we can do it well D. can we do it well A. C. D. D.l ,he continued his study.A. Late as it was B. As it was lateC. Late although it was D. Although was it latel _as young as you ,I would study hard. A. Was I B. Were I C. If I am D. If I was l Next door to us _A. lives an old man, who is an overseas ChineseB. does an old man live, who is an overseas ChineseC. an old man lives who is an overseas ChineseD. an old man who is an overseas Chinese does livel On the top of the hill .A. does a temple stand B. a temple stands thereC. stands a temple D. a temple stands A. B. A. C. 1. I visited Zhangjiajie last summer. Never in my life _ so beautiful a place like that. A. I had seen B. did I see C. have I seen D. I shall see 答案 C 2. _ the importance of wearing seat belts while driving. A. Little they realize B. They little do realize C. Little realize do they D. Little do they realize 答案 D 3. Someone ate my cookies. Well, I didnt and _ Alice. A. neither was B. nor did C. neither D. nor was 答案 B 4. _ the words to the songs, but he also composes (作曲) the music. A. He also writes B. Although he writes C. Not only does he write D. Even if he writes 答案 C 5. No sooner _ than the jeep started off. A. his luggage was loaded B. had his luggage been loaded C. loaded his luggage D. his luggage was being loaded 答案 B 6. Scarcely had he gone out _. A. that it started to snow B. that it started to snow C. when it started to snow D. and it started to snow no soonerthan；scarcelywhen； 答案 C 7. I like the film. _. A. Nor do