语言学题库-选择题.doc

语言学题库-选择题II. Multiple Choice1. Which of the following statements about language is NOT True?A. Language is a system.B. Language is symbolic.C. Animals also have languages.D. Language is arbitrary.2. A word is a symbol that _.A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD. shows different ideas in different sounds3. Of the following sound combinations, only_ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.A. kiblB.bkilC. ilkbD.ilbk4. American English began with _. A. Old English B.Victorian English C. Middle English D.Elizabethan English5. The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _ formula “SNP + VP”. A. hierarchical B. linear C. tree diagram D.vertical6. “Big” and “small” are a pair of _ opposites. A. complementary B. gradable C. complete D.converse7. Predication analysis is a way to analyze _ meaning. A.phoneme B.word C.phrase D.sentence8.Which of the following is NOT a factor that may influence second language acquisition ? A. Age. B.word C.Motivation. D.Personality.9.Which pair of words is NOT a minimal pair? A.cat / bat B. put / but C. jig / pig D.sit / bit10. According toSearle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _ . A. commisives B. directives C. expressives D. declaratives11.If two sounds are in complementary distribution, they are _ of the same phoneme. A.symbols B.allophones C.phones D.signs12. Which branch of study can NOT be included in the scope of Linguistics? A.Syntax. B.Pragmatics. C.Phonetics. D. Anthropology.13. Euphemism is a term of _ origin. A. Latin B. Greek C. Arabic D. Spainish14. The distinction of language and parole is made by _ . A.Hall B.Sapir C. Chomsky D.Saussure15._ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. A.Roots B. Stems C.Affixes D.Compounds16._ is the study of the relationship between symbols and their interpreter. A.Syntax B.Semantics C.Pragmatics D.Sociolinguistics17._ is the defining properties of units like nouns (number, Gender, case, etc) and verbs (tense, aspect, voice, etc). A.Parts of speech B.Word classes C.Grammatical categories D.Functions of word18. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are _ . A.homophones B.homographs C.complete homonyms D.allophones19. In English, the only glottal is _ . A. l B. h C. k D. f20. The term _ may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages. A.synchronic linguistics B.comparative linguistics C.diachronic linguistics D. historical comparative linguistics21. The use of sexist language reflects a _ attitude. A. social B.linguistic C.traditional D.all of the above22. _ was once used as lingua franca of diplomacy. A. Latin B.Arabic C.French D.Spanish23. Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _ .A. are complex wordsB. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in lifeD. denote the most important concepts24. An affix can be added to certain type of _ to form a new word. A. infix B.affix C.stem D. word25. In a sentence, which of the following is usually NOT stressed? A. Nouns. B.Verbs. C.Personal pronouns. D.Adjectives.26. The maxim of _ requires that a participants contribution be relevant to the conversation. A.quantity B.quality C.manner D. relation27. The relationship between “meat” and “meet” is _ . A.synonymy B.antonymy C. polysemy D.homonymy28. Usually, suprasegmental features include _ , length and pitch. A. phoneme B.speech sound C.syllables D.stress29.What are the dual structures of language? A.Sounds and letters. B.Sounds and meaning. C.Letters and meaning. D.Sounds and symbols.30.Where are the vocal cords? A.In the mouth. B.In the nasal cavity. C.Above the tongue. D.Inside the larynx.31.Which of the following statements about language is NOT true?A. Language is a special social phenomenon.B. Language is some arbitrary symbols.C. The language system is unique to human beings.D. Language is yet to be understood.32. _ studies the sound systems in a certain language. A.Phonetics B.Phonology C.Semantics D.Syntax33. _ is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content. A.Root B.Allomorph C.Morpheme D.Word34. A speakers actual utterance in Chomskys terminology is called _. A.deep structure B.linguistic universals C.universal grammar D.surface structure35.A word with several meanings is called _ word. A.a polysemous B.a synonymous C.an abnormal D.a multiple36. The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is _. A. general linguistics B.phonology C.semantics D.morphology37. Leech divided meanings into _ types. A. 4 B.5 C.6 D.738.Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _ in the Middle English period. A. Dutch origin B.Danish origin C.Latin origin D.Greek origin39. Distinctive features are used to describe _ . A. phones B.phonology C.allophones D.phonemes40. The English word “untouchable” is composed of _ morphemes. A. four B.threeC.two D.five41. The process by which words are formed by putting the initial letters of several words together is called _ . A. compounding B.clipping C.acronymy D.blending42. Chinese language belongs to the _ family. A.Indo-Euroean B.Sino-Tibetan C.Afro-Asiatic D.Caucasian43. The founder of general linguistics is _ . A.Chomsky B.Halliday C.Bloomfield D.Saussure44. Modern linguistics focuses on the present-day language, and it will be possible to describe language from a _ perspective.A.sociological B.synchronicC.diachronic D.psychological45. The four major modes of semantic change are _ .A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation46.Diphthongs are characterized by _ .A. gliding B.voicingC.aspiration D. stress47. The basic unit in the study of morphology is _ .A. the internal strutureB. morphemeC. the rules by which words are formedD. word48. The relation between “food” and “bread” is called _ .A.synonymy B.polysemyC.homonymy D.hyponymy49. The consonant sound v is described as _ . A.voiceless labiodental fricative B.voiced dental fricative C.voiced labiodental fricative D.voiced affricate50. Which of the following is NOT a compound word ? A.Pencilbox. B.Unreasonable. C.Deadline. D.Upstairs.51. The relation of the two clauses in a coordinate sentence is _ .A. one is subordinate to the otherB. they hold unequal statusC. they are structurally equal parts of the sentenceD. they are incorporated52. _ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and non-linguistic world of experience. A.Sense B.Reference C.Symbol D.Thought53. The sentence “ I fire you!” belongs to the speech act category of _ . A.expressives B.directives C.representatives D.declarations54.General linguistics is the scientific study of _ .A. language of a certain individualB. the English languageC. human languages in generalD. the system of a particular language55. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in _. A.the place of articulation B.the obstruction of airstreams C.the position of the tongue D.the shape of the lips56. The prefix “ex-“ as in “ex-wife” or “ex-president” was borrowed into English from _ . A.Latin B.Greek C.French D.Celtic57.Nasal sounds are produced when the soft palate _ . A. is lowered B.is raised C. vibrates D.moves58. _ is concerned with the study of the actual use of language in communication. A.Sociolinguistics B.Semantics C.Pragmatics D.Synchronic linguistics59. Where is the primary stress of the word phonology? A.pho. B.no. C.lo. D.gy.60. _ refers to the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense and reference. A. Locutionary act B.Illocutinary act C.Perlocutionary act D.Speech act61. Which of the following words is built by back-formation? A.Smog. B.Fridge. C.Motel. D.Edit.62. What is the full form of LAD? A. Language associative district. B.Language acquisition district. C. Language associative device. D.Language acquisition device.63. The semantic components of the word “man” can be expressed as _ .A. + animate, + human, + male, -adultB. + animate, + human, + male, + adultC. + animate, + human, - male, - adultD. + animate, + human, - male, + adult64. Old English has a vocabulary of about _ words. A. 30,000 to 40,000 B.50,000 to 60,000 C. 70,000 to 80,000 D.80,000 to 90,00065. Productivity is one of the _ of language. A. distinctive features B. design features C. Suprasegmental features D. pragmatic features66. What is the common feature of the three sounds: d, s, n ? A.Voiceless. B.Voiced. C.Nasal. D.Alveolar.67. Which of the following items is NOT one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns? A.Gender. B.Number. C.Case. D.Voice.68. In the word internationalism”, which part is the root? A. inter B. nation C.al D. ism69. That there is no direct link between language and the real world is the view of _ concerning the study of menaing. A. naming theory B. conceptualist C. contextualist D. behaviorist70. The word “pen” originally meant “feather used for writing with ink”. Now it refers to any devise used for writing with in. This is an example of _ . A. degradation of meaning B. broadening of meaning C. narrowing of meaning D. elevation of meaning71. The word taxi” is formed through _ . A. backformation B.blending C. clipping D.derivation72. In general, language acquisition refers to childrens development of their _ language. A. first B. second C. dialectal D.individualized73. The left hemisphere of human brain is responsible for the function of _ .A. language and speechB. calculationC. analytic reasoning and associative thoughtsD. all of the above74. Black English had a number of _ distinctive features in its phonological, morphological and syntactic systems. A. rule-governed B. arbitrary C. unsystematic D.both A and B75. _ is not a pair of homophones. A. bean, been B. beat, beet C. flea, flee D. bow, bow76. In general, language characteristics of _ register is more often used in the written form than n the spoken form. A. informal B. formal C. neutral D. all of the above77. “Dim sum” is of _ origin. A.Scottish B.Korean C.Japanese D. Chinese78. Which of the following is NOT an obvious cause of language change ?A. The rapid development of science and technology.B. The way of language teaching.C. The way of childrens language acquisition.D. Economy of memory.79. In a narrower sense, an individual speakers idiolect is made up of such factor as _ . A. voice quality and pitch B. pitch and rhythm C. voice and rhythm D. voice, pitch and rhythm80. When the suffix _ is added to a verb, it changes this verb into an adjective. A. less B. ness C. fully D. er 81. The function of the sentence “Lovely weather, isnt it ?” is _ . A. informative B. phatic C. performative D. recreational82. Once the notion of _ was taken into consideration, semantics spilled into pragmatics. A. meaning B. context C. form D. content83. Which of the following criteria can NOT be used to classify vowels ?A. The part of the tongue that is held highest.B. The openness of the mouth.C. The vibration of the vocal cords.D. The shape of the lips.84. There are _ maxims under the cooperative principle. A. 2 B.3 C. 4 D.585. Childrens language acquisition is _ of language.A. the memorization of words.B. chiefly the internalization of individual sentencesC. primarily the acquiring of the grammatical systemD. generally a bunch of utterance86. “Buy” and “sell” form a pair of _ . A. conversives B. gradable antonyms C. complementary antonyms D. marked antonyms87. If a phoneme is substituted for another in a word and the substiution results in a change of the word meaning, the two phonemes are said to be _ . A. minimal pair B. minimal set C. distinctive phonemes D. distinctive features88. _ is a phrase whic