高考英语高三英语选修9Unit.ppt

Unit2 更多资源 Warmingup Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer Navigator sea nauticalinstruments findnewislandsorcontinents Navigatorissomebodywhofindsthepositionandplotsthecourseofashipusingmapsandinstruments Explorer land useofcompassandlandmarks findnewplaceswithinanalreadyidentifiedislandorcontinent Explorerissomebodywhotravelsintoorthroughaplaceinordertolearnaboutit Veryoftennavigatorsarealsoexplorers Intheyearbetween1405and1433 sevenlargetreasurefleetssailedwestwardsonvoyagesoftradeandexploration UnderthecommandofZhengHe thefleetssetsailfromtheSouthChinaSeaacrosstheIndianOceantotheRedSea andthentraveledfurthersouth discoveringtheeasterncoastofAfrica HerenewedrelationswiththeKingdomsoftheEastAfricancoast OneAfricankingsenttheMingemperoraroyalpresent twogiraffes About700yearsagoayoungtraderfromItalytookalongtriptoCathay CathayisknownasChinatoday Hewentwithhisfatheranduncle whohadtraveledthereoncebefore TheystayedinChinaforabouttwodecades Theyoungman snamewasMarcoPolo HewaslikedbytheleaderinChinaatthetime Heknewfourlanguagesandtraveledaroundthekingdomfortheleader WhenMarcoPoloreturnedtoItaly hedictatedhisstorytoawriter HetoldoftheChinesepostalsystem papermoney andtheuseofcoalasfuel JamesCook JamesCook 1728 1779 wasthegreatestBritainnavigator CookenlistedintheRoyalNavyin1755 In1768hewaspromotedandsenttothePacificwherehesurveyedTahiti NewZealand andAustralia Onhisfamoussecondexpedition 1772 1775 heexploredAntarctica In1776heundertookhisthirdandfinalvoyageinwhichheexplored theWestCoastofNorthAmericaandtriedtolocateapassagebetweentheAtlanticandPacificoceans OnthisvoyagehediscoveredtheHawaiianIslands andsailedupthecoastofNorthAmericathroughtheBeringStraitstotheArcticOcean OnhisreturnhewaskilledbyHawaiianislanders Explanation 1 navigatorn 导航者 领航员navigatevi 航行 航海 航空vt 航行于 驾驶 操纵 使通过Theynavigatedwithdifficultythroughthecrowd 他们在人群中坚难行进 navigationn 航海 航行navigationaladj 航海的 航行的 Reading Listentothetape compass astrolabe Theastrolabemeasurestheheightandpositionofthesun Ifyoucanmeasurethisaccurately asailorcantellhowmanydegreestheboatisfromtheNorthPole Fromthishecantellwheretheboatisintheocean sextant Thesextantisanavigationalinstrumentformeasuringtheanglebetweenthehorizonandsomeobjectinthesky quadrant nauticalchart Nauticalchartsaremapsofthedepthoftheseaandthecurrentsoftheoceans Theyprovidemodernsailorswithroutesthroughtheseas ratherlikeroadsthroughthecountryside Theinformationbegantobecollectedinthenineteenthcenturyandhascontinuedtobeupdatedeversince Reading Comprehension Comprehending 1 Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions Whatistheuseofabearingcircle astrolabe quadrantorsextant Whatistheuseofacompass A TosetthecourseoftheshipB TomeasurethepositionoftheshipC TomeasurethespeedoftheshipD Totellthetime A B 4 Readthepassageagainandusetheinformationtoanalysethenavigationalskills 1 Tofindtheship spositionatseaasailorusedtheNorthStarandthesun 2 Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw 3 Sailorsused toincreasetheirspeed freshseaweed nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfog seacurrentsortidesandwinds Sextant anupdatedversionofthequadrantandsoitwasmoreaccurate tomeasuretheanglebetweentwofixedpointsoutsidetheship usingtwomirrorstofindtheship sposition 1 Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented 在现代精确的导航法尚未发明之前 你认为航海员是怎样探路的 ExplanationonP11 这是一个 特殊疑问词 doyouthink 的双重疑问句结构 除think以外believe guess suppose等词也可以用于此结构 Whatdoyousupposehashappenedtohim 在Ithink believe guess suppose imagine等词的句式中 如果从句有否定 否定词应该前移 即否定转移 Idon tthinkhewillcome Ithinkhewillnotcome 正 误 1 Ibelieveheisanhonestman 2 Wedon tthinkTomhasbrokentheregulations 3 Maryguessedhisfathermusthaveboughtherabeautifulshirt Isn the hashe didn tshe inventvt 发明 创作 虚构 杜撰AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876 1876年阿历山大 格雷厄姆 贝尔发明了电话 Thewholestorywasinvented 整个故事是虚构的 inventorn 发明者 发明家 创造者inventionn 发明 创造 发明物 discover invent Gilbert electricity butEdison theelectriclightbulb Who America Who thecomputer 客观存在 被人发现 客观没有 被人发明 discovered invented discovered invented 吉尔伯特发现了电 爱迪生发明了电灯 谁发现了美洲 谁发明了电脑 2 workout tocalculateananswer amount price orvalue计算 tothinkaboutsth andmanagetounderstandit设法弄懂 tothinkcarefullyabouthowyouaregoingtodosth andplanagoodwayofdoingit精心制定出 安排 eg Seeifyoucanworkoutthisbill Theplotissocomplicatedthatit lltakeyouawhiletoworkitout 计算 弄明白 Ican tworkoutGeoff onedayhe sfriendly thenextdayheignoresmecompletely Ihaven tworkedoutwho sgongtolookafterthekidstonight 明白 计划 3 latitudeOurpositionislatitude40degreesnorth 我们的位置是北纬40度 4 longitude Ourpositionislongitude116degreeseast 我们的位置是东经116度 5 identifyvt 把 等同于 认出 鉴定 认为同一Iidentifiedthejacketatonce itwasmybrother s Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness identifyoneselfwith与 有联系 支持Hepreferrednottoidentifyhimselfwiththatgroup identificationn 辨认 鉴定 证明 视为同一identityn 同一性 身份 一致 特性 恒等式identitycard身份证 1 Wemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship spositiononamap 在经纬度未能绘出航船在地图上的位置之前 我们很想知道航海员是怎样在海上探险的 Reading Page1 may mightwell很可能 极有可能Theseareexcellentphotographsandwemaywellusetheminourmagazine 这些是很不错的照片 我们很有可能把它们用在我们的杂志上 Youmightwellfindthatyou llneedmorebytheweekend 到周末你很可能会发现你需要更多东西 主语 think feel make consider it n adj for ofsb todo 其中it为形式宾语 for of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语 我认为学好英语对他很重要 我已经表明我反对这个计划 IthinkitimportantforhimtolearnEnglishwell IhavemadeitclearthatIobjecttotheplan 2 Thevoyagesoftravelersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthattheywerenotatthemercyoftheseaeventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids 17世纪前的海上航行表明 即使没有现代航海术的帮助 旅行者也没有受大海的支配 voyagen vi 航海 航行ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths 过去从英国航行到印度要六个月 goon make takeaseavoyage去航海旅行voyagern 航行者 航海者 trip指休闲或因商的短途旅行journey指从一地出发直达目的地的长途陆路旅行或旅程 不含回到原出发点之意 travel常指到国外或某个遥远的地方去 不强调具体目的地 指具体的旅行时常用复数 用单数一般表示旅行的抽象概念 trip journey travel voyage tour voyage强调较远距离的水上或空中旅行或游历 tour指周游或巡回旅行 常常是访问一系列地方后再回到原出发点 e g WewillhaveacomfortablevoyagetotheFarEastthroughair 我们乘飞机去远东旅游将会非常舒适 Thejourneytotheseasidewilltakenotmorethantwodays 到海边去旅行最多需要花费两天时间 Iatoncebeganmakingpreparationsforatriphome 我马上开始为回家做准备 OurAmericanfriendsaremakingatourofShanghai 我们的美国朋友正在对上海进行巡回旅行 Hecamebackhomeafteryearsofforeigntravel 在多年的国外旅行后他回到了家 Theyhavegoteverythingreadytomakea acrosstheAtlantic A tripB travelC voyageD tour atthemercyofwithoutanyprotectionagainst helplessbefore任由 摆布 在 面前无助Theywerelostatsea atthemercyofwindandweather 他们在海上迷失了方向 任凭风和天气的摆布 Idon tliketobeatthemercyofsuchaman 我不愿受这样一个人的摆布 havemercyon showmercyto对 表示怜悯Theterroristsshowednomercytothehostages 恐怖分子对人质残酷无情 withoutmercy毫不留情地Themotherleftthedyingbabyinthehospitalwithoutmercy 那位母亲狠心地把垂死的婴儿丢弃在医院 It samercy that 口 幸运的是 幸亏 用于表示更遭的情况得以避免总算是幸运 It samercytheaccidenthappenedsonearthehospital 幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方 It samercyshewasn tseriouslyhurt 幸运的是她伤势不重 eventhough evenif虽然 即使引导让步状语从句A 引导把握不大或假设的事情Evenifweachievegreatsuccessinourwork weshouldnotbeproud 即使我们在工作上取得了巨大的胜利 也不能骄傲 即便他能通过考试 以后找工作也成问题 即使他们失败十次也不灰心丧气 Hewillhaveproblemsinfindingajobevenifhecanpasstheexam Theywouldn tlosehearteveniftheyfailedtentimes B 引出事实Eventhoughhewaslate hewasnotcriticizedbytheteacher 他虽然迟到了 也没有挨老师的批评 Icanstillremember eventhoughitwassolongago 虽然这是很久以前的事 我还记得 TherewasneveranytimeforKatetofeellonely shewasanonlychild A eversinceB nowthatC eventhoughD evenas Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions theyaredifferentfromyourown 05湖南 A untilB evenifC unlessD asthough 3 alongsideprep bythesideof sidebysidewith在 旁边 与 并排adv along near at ortotheside在 旁边 近旁 沿着边Heparkedhiscaralongsidethefence 他把车沿着围墙停放 Acardrewupalongside 一辆汽车开上来并排而行 4 minimum min adj 最小的 最低的n 最小值 最小化 其反义词为maximum max adj 最高的 最多的 最大极限的n 最大量 最大限度 极大 Theminimumrequirementsforthejobareadegreeandtwoyears experience 该工作的最低要求是要有学位和两年的工作经验 Youmustgetaminimumof40questionsrighttopasstheexamination 你最少必须答对40道题才能通过考试 keep reducesth toaminimum将某物保持在 降低到最低限度Theschoolmanagestokeepbullyingtoaminimum 学校设法最低限度得减少恃强凌弱的行为 Themaximumnumberofstudentsineachclassis58 每个班学生人数的最高限额是58名 Wemustmakemaximumuseoftheresourcesavailable 我们必须最大限度地利用可得到的资源 Temperaturewillreachamaximumof40 here 这儿的最高气温将达40摄氏度 5 indicatevt 指出 显示 象征 预示 需要 简要地说明Iaskedhimwheremysisterwasandheindicatedtheshopopposite 我问他姐姐在哪儿 他朝对面的商店指了一下 Iindicatedthathishelpwasnotwelcome 我表明他的帮助不受欢迎 6 closeadj nearinspaceortime空间上或时间上靠近的 likely可能的 careful小心的 closetodeath离死亡不远takeacloselookatsth 严密注意某物keepaclosewatch eyeon仔细地看 Theychoseaspotclosetotheriverfortheirpicnic 他们选择了一个离河不远的地方进行野餐 Yourbirthdayisclosetomine 你的生日离我的生日相隔不长 Thetwocountriesareclosetosigningapeaceagreement 两国即将签署和平协议 7 usedtodo表过去习惯化的动作或状态be become getusedtodoing n 习惯于 to为介词 beusedtodo为被动语态 表示 被用来做某事 IusedtogoswimmingonSaturdaysbutnowIdon t Thecountrylifehewasusedto greatlysince1992 2005山东 A changeB haschangedC changingD havechanged I mnotusedtogettingupsoearly Clothisusedtomakeclothes usedtodo与would用法对比1 usedtodo表示过去的动作 状态 重在与现在情况的对比 不一定要有时间状语 would只表示过去动作的重复 有明确的时间状语 IwouldgotoseemygrandfatheronSundaywhenhewasinthemiddleschool Iusedtoplaycardsalot butnowIseldomplay 2 表示过去的习惯 可互换 Whenwewereveryyoung weusedto wouldgoskatingeverywinter 注 usedtodo的否定式 usedn ttodo didn tusetodo usedn t也可写作usen t 疑问式 Didyouusetodo Usedyoutodo Didn tyouusetodo Usedn tyoutodo 8 nowhereadv 无处 到处都无该词用于句首时 要用倒装语序 Ihaveno