八年级（下）英语学科导学案Unit4A.doc

12999英语网 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.(Section A)一、导学过程：1. 预习直接引语和间接引语2. 组长带领组员通读课本from page 26 to 28,理解其含义并补全文章。3.组长带领组员熟读课文，并指定课堂朗读人选。4. 组长带领组员找出课本(from page 26 to 28)的重要短语、句子。 并指定课堂展示人选。二.直接引语和间接引语John said, Im going to London with my father. 约翰说：我要和父亲到伦敦去。（引号内是直接引语） John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语） 直接引语变间接引语时，实际上就是变成宾语从句。要注意：时态、语序、连接词、人称、地点和时间以及指示代词的变化。由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：(一) 直接引语是陈述句时，变间接引语用that引导（口语中that可以省略），said to sb.改为told sb.从句中时态、语序、连接词、人称、地点和时间以及指示代词要作相应的变化。1)人称的变化：顺口溜“一主，二宾，三不变”。e said (that ) I was younger than him. 2)时态变化：A）如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。He says,“Im tired.” He says that he is tired.B）如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态变成相应的过去时态中的一种： C) 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： The teacher said, The earth goes round the sun. The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. D) 如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的时间状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如： He said to me, I was born in 1973.He told me that he was born in 1973. 3）指示代词 this -that these- those 4）时间状语 now - then today- that day this week(month ,etc) -that week (month ,etc) yesterday -the day before 前一天last week(month) - the week(month) before 前一周three days(a year)ago-three days(a year)before前三天the day after tomorrow -two days latertomorrow -the next (following ) day 次日next week(month)-the next(following)week(month) 5）地点状语 here -there6）动词 bring - take come -go(二)直接引语是疑问句时 变间接引语时：A) 变语序:陈述语序B) 变动词：said 改为asked,或wondered, wanted to know等。She said, Do you often come here to read newspapers? She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers. She asked me , You have seen the film, havent you? She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film. (2)直接引语是特殊疑问句，变间接引语用原来的疑问词引导。 He asked , Where do you live?He asked me where I lived. “What can I do for you?” he asked me. He asked me what he could do for me.（3）选择疑问句变为whether.or (是还是)宾语从句。 I asked him, Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight? I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. (三)直接引语是祈使句时 变间接引语用句型：ask/tell/order sb. (not) to do sth. 改写. The teacher said to the boy, Open the window.The teacher told the boy to open the window. His father said to him , Dont leave the door open.His father told him not to leave the door open. (四)直接引语是感叹句时 （了解内容）间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。 She said, What a lo