Unit-Seven-Doctors-Dilemma-Treat-or-Let-DiePPT课件.ppt

UnitSevenDoctor sDilemma TreatorLetDie AbigailTrafford Howdoweknowapersonisnolongeralive theheartstopsbeatingthebrainentersa vegetative state Medicalethics 医疗伦理学guidelinesonthedutyofphysiciansinantiquityamoreself consciousdiscourse 3 translation Medicaladvancesinwonderdrugsdaringsurgicalprocedures radiationtherapies andintensive careunitshavebroughtnewlifetothousandsofpeople 特效药 冒险的手术 放疗以及重症监护等方面的医学进步已经使得千千万万的人们获得了新生 adouble edgedsword 双刃剑thingsthathavebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesAtthesametime itmustbenotedthateconomicglobalizationisadouble edgedsword 同时也必须看到 经济全球化是一把 双刃剑 array Anarrayofdifferentthingsorpeopleisalargenumberorwiderangeofthem一大批 一大群AdazzlingarrayofcelebritiesareexpectedattheMayfairgallerytoseethepictures 梅费尔美术馆期待星光璀璨的各界名流来欣赏这些画 outstrip Ifonethingoutstripsanother thefirstthingbecomeslargerinamount ormoresuccessfulorimportant thanthesecondthing超过 胜过医生可以用各式各样的太空时代的医疗技术治疗疾病 而病人康复的能力与之相比却相形见绌 blur Ifsomethingblursanideaoradistinctionbetweenthings thatideaordistinctionnolongerseemsclear使 想法 区别等 模糊 使 想法 区别等 不明晰blurred limbo Ifyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingisinlimbo youmeanthattheyareinasituationwheretheyseemtobecaughtbetweentwostagesanditisunclearwhatwillhappennext 不确定的状态 Sentenceanalysis ManyAmericansarecaughtinmedicallimbo aswastheSouthKoreanboxerDukKooKim whowaskeptalivebyartificialmeansafterhehadbeenknockedunconsciousinafightandhisbrainceasedtofunction wordsandexpressions inthewakeof 尾随 紧跟 nursinghomes 养老院nursery幼儿园 托儿所Kindergarten幼儿园 学前班 wordsandexpressions paramountgoalofmedicine 医学的最高目标getdownto 开始 着手做 Whatmedicineisallabout tosavelife thewelfareofthepatient pose VERB产生 问题 造成 威胁 危险等 Ifsomethingposesaproblemoradanger itisthecauseofthatproblemordangerThiscouldposeathreattojobsinthecoalindustry 这可能会给煤炭产业的就业造成威胁 提出 陈述Ifyouposeaquestion youaskit Ifyouposeanissuethatneedsconsidering youmentiontheissue WhenIfinallyposedthequestion Why hemerelyshrugged 当我最后问 为什么 时 他只是耸了耸肩 bioethics生物伦理学 isthestudyofcontroversialethicsbroughtaboutbyadvancesinbiologyandmedicine Bioethicistsareconcernedwiththeethicalquestionsthatariseintherelationshipsamonglifesciences biotechnology medicine politics law andphilosophy virtually almost nearly几乎Afieldvirtuallyignoredonlyadecadeago十年前这一领域几乎是被无视的 actually实际上 Onthestaff 在职的LittledidIknowthatIwouldactuallywindupbeingonthestaff 我完全没有想到自己最后竟会在这里供职 chaplain priest minister 学校 军队 医院 监狱等 牧师Hejoinedthe40thDivisionasanarmychaplain 他以随军牧师的身份加入第40师 pullback Ifsomeonepullsbackfromanaction theydecidenottodoitorcontinuewithit becauseitcouldhavebadconsequences退出 退却 takeover Ifonethingtakesoverfromsomethingelse itbecomesmoreimportant successful orpowerfulthantheotherthing andeventuallyreplacesit 取代 代替 占上风 gasp Youdescribesomethingasthelastgasptoemphasizethatitisthefinalpartofsomethingorhappensatthelastpossiblemoment最终阶段 最后时刻Agaspisashortquickbreathofairthatyoutakeinthroughyourmouth especiallywhenyouaresurprised shocked orinpain 尤指惊讶 震惊或疼痛时的 喘息 喘气 倒抽气 statute Astatuteisaruleorlawwhichhasbeenmadebyagovernmentorotherorganizationandformallywrittendown 成文法 法令 法规 livingwill Alivingwillisadocumentinwhichyousaywhatmedicalorlegaldecisionsyouwantpeopletomakeforyouifyoubecometooilltomakethesedecisionsyourself 预先声明病危时希望采取何种措施的 生前预嘱 intravenous 食物 药品 静脉注入的Intravenousfoodsordrugsaregiventosickpeoplethroughtheirveins ratherthantheirmouths intravenously intravenousdrugusers 通过静脉注射的吸毒者Prematurebabieshavetobefedintravenously 早产婴儿必须靠静脉输入喂养 hospice 临终关怀医院 临终安养院Ahospiceisaspecialhospitalforpeoplewhoaredying wheretheirpracticalandemotionalneedsaredealtwithaswellastheirmedicalneeds momentum Ifaprocessormovementgainsmomentum itkeepsdevelopingorhappeningmorequicklyandkeepsbecominglesslikelytostop 势头 冲劲 动力gainmomentuminmanyareas 在很多领域获得迅猛发展 thornyissues comlicatedanddifficultissues棘手的问题 wordsandexpressions Nervous systemdisorder神经系统紊乱Parkinson sdisease帕金森病 震颤麻痹症massivestroke中风teachinghospital医学院的附属医院 教学医院optfor选择abloodclot血管阻塞 prognosis Aprognosisisanestimateofthefutureofsomeoneorsomething especiallyaboutwhetherapatientwillrecoverfromanillness 尤指对病人病情的 预后 预断 guise undertheguiseof 假借 以 为幌子 euthanasia Euthanasiaisthepracticeofkillingsomeonewhoisveryillandwillnevergetbetterinordertoendtheirsuffering usuallydoneattheirrequestorwiththeirconsent 安乐死 probation 缓刑期Probationisaperiodoftimeduringwhichapersonwhohascommittedacrimehastoobeythelawandbesupervisedbyaprobationofficer ratherthanbeingsenttoprison Thethiefwasputonprobationfortwoyears 这个小偷被处以两年缓刑 senility Ifoldpeoplebecomesenile theybecomeconfused cannolongerrememberthings andareunabletolookafterthemselves Theoldmanwasshowingunmistakablesignsofsenility 老糊涂的 老态龙钟的 年老而无力自理的老人已老态毕现 wordsaandexpressions Alzheimer sdisease阿尔茨海默氏痴呆 老年痴呆症viable 能活的 有生活力的 Wordsandexpressions IVF test tubebaby invitrofertilization testtubebaby试管婴儿Artificialinsemination人工授精surrogatebirths surrogacy代孕Prematurebaby早产儿Incubator放早产儿的恒温箱 Wordsandexpressions salvage 抢救birthdeformities先天性缺陷transposition 换位 spinabifida 先天性脊椎裂 常引起瘫痪 Spinabifidaisaconditionofthespinethatsomepeoplearebornwith Itoftenmakesthemunabletousetheirlegs wordsandexpressions transpositionofthegreatarteries大动脉转位 换位 congenitalheartdefect 先天性心脏病 Wordsandexpressions ataprice 付出很大代价retardation 弱智 grounds Ifsomethingisgroundsforafeelingoraction itisareasonforit Ifyoudosomethingonthegroundsofaparticularthing thatthingisthereasonforyouraction理由 根据 wordsandexpressions Down sSyndrome唐氏综合症blockedintestines肠梗阻abowelmovement排便Atallcosts 不惜一切代价Goalongwith 赞同 wordsandexpressions Arsenal 兵工厂grapplewith努力应付困境 解决难题Allegedly 据说Respirator 呼吸器 comatose Apersonwhoiscomatoseisinacoma 昏迷的 morhine 吗啡Morphineisadrugusedtorelievepain a