Nervoustissue神经组织解剖.ppt

Nervoustissue神经组织 丁英dingying Thecontentoftheclass 1 videorecording 录像nervoustissue神经组织2 Observingslides 玻片观察 1 multipolarneuron多极神经元HENO 25 2 neurofibril神经原纤维SilverstainingNO 26 3 myelinatednerve有髓神经纤维HENO 27 1 2 4 tactilecorpuscle触觉小体HENO 91 5 Lamellacorpuscle环层小体HENO 91 6 spinalganglia 脊神经节HE24号 1 multipolarneuron多极神经元HENO 25 LowporwerofSpinalcord脊髓 Graymatter灰质 Whitematter白质 Thisspecimenisellipticinshape InthecenterofitthereisanHshapedstructure thegraymatter staineddeeply Thethickerhornsareanteriorhorns 样本椭圆形 中央深染的H形结构即为灰质 前角比较宽 Anteriorhorns前角 Posteriorhorn后角 Lowporwer 10 Themultipolarneuronscanbefoundintheanteriorhornsofthegraymatter Thecellbodiescanberoundorovoid Theothersmallerandroundnucleusarethenucleusofglialcell 低倍镜10 在灰质前角可见成群排列的多极神经元 胞体圆形或卵圆 另外可以看到神经胶质细胞 核较小 圆形 whitematter graymatter motorneuron Highpower 40 Thenucleusofmultipolarneuronsislarge round palelystained centrallylocatedandwithaprominentnucleolus Thecytoplasmcontainsmanygranularareas theNisslbodies stainedindarkbluecolor Nisslbodies glialcell Motorneurons chromatin nucleolus nuclearmembrane 高倍镜40 多及神经元的核大而圆 淡染 位于胞体中央 核仁明显 胞质含有许多染成紫蓝色呈块状或粒状分布的尼氏体 名解 axon dendrite hillock multipolarneuronofspinalcord Highpower Everymultipolarneuronsonlyhaveoneaxonandseveraldendrites Axonhillockisthemarkedsiteoforiginoftheaxon Inaxonhillock theNisslebodyisdeficient 多极神经元只有一条轴突 但有多个树突 轴丘是轴突的起始部位 染色淡 没有尼氏体 NeuroncontainsabundantGolgicomplexesandNisslbodies indicatingactivesynthesis 神经元里有丰富的高尔基复合体及尼氏体 表明合成活跃 Nisslbody RERFreeribosome Neurofibrilscanbefoundinneuronswhentheyareimpregnatedwithsilver Withlowmagnification examinetheanteriorofthespinalcord toidentifythegiantyelloworbrownmultipolarneurons Thenshifttohighpower TheneurofibrilformadenseNetworkintheperikaryon Butintheprocessestheyrunparalleltoeachother 2 Neurofibrils神经原纤维 silverstaining NO 26 Neurofibrils 高倍镜40 浸银染色条件下 神经元里可以看到神经原纤维 棕褐色 细丝状 在低倍镜下 辨认脊髓前角和后角 可见前角有许多体积较大的棕色多级神经元 再转到高倍镜下观察 神经原纤维在核周体交织成网 但在突起内则平行排列 2 Neurofibrils神经原纤维 silverstaining NO 26 Darkandbutton likesynapticbodiescanbefoundonthebodyanddendriteofneurons synapse Highpower 40 高倍镜40 扣结样深染的突触小体在胞体和树突上清晰可见 Synapse presynapticelement containsneuronfilaments synapticvesicles mitochondria synapticcleft postsynapticelement receptorsandionschannels 突触 突触前成分 含有神经丝 突触小泡 线粒体 突触间隙 突触后成分 有受体和离子通道 3 myelinatednervefiber有髓神经纤维 HE NO 27 1 27 2 Crosssectionofsciaticnerve坐骨神经横切面HE Lowpower Longitudinalsectionofsciaticnerve坐骨神经纵切面HE Lowpower nervebundle nervebundle Nerve epineurium Perineurium epineurium Highpower 40 Longitudinalsectionofmyelinatednervefibers Myelinsheath NodeofRanvier axon nucleusofShchwann scell Axon appearsasathreadshaped centrallylocatedstructure stainedinpurple redcolor Myelinsheath envelopestheaxon stainedinlightredcolororpresentingafoamyappearance ThenucleusofShchwann scell iselongatedandlocatedapproximatelyhalfwaybetween2adjacentnodesandappeartolieinindentationofthemyelin 高倍镜40 有髓神经纤维纵切面 轴突 螺纹状 居中 染成紫红色 郎氏结处无髓鞘 轴膜裸露 名解 髓鞘 包绕轴突 染成淡红色 或成泡沫样 类脂被溶解 施万细胞核 狭长形 位于髓鞘边缘 相邻的两个郎氏结中间 myelinatednervefiber crosssection lowpower Eachnervefiberappearsasaroundstructure Thecentraldotshapedstructureistheaxon whichissurroundedbymyelinsheath stainedinverylightcolororbeingfoamy ThenucleusofSchwann scellpresentsaroundshape 横断面成圆形 中央淡红色圆点为轴突 轴突的外周是髓鞘 淡染或泡状 边缘可见圆形的施万细胞核 myelinatednervefiber crosssection highpower axon Myelinsheath Shchwann scell axons Myelinsheath consistsofmyelinandprotein 髓鞘 由髓磷脂和蛋白质组成 4 sensorynerveending感觉神经末梢 tactilecorpuscles触觉小体 HE NO 91 skin nonkeratinizedstratifiedsquamousepithelim Meissnercorpuscles Lowpower 10 tactilecorpusclesarelocatedinthedermalpapillae theyareelongatedstructurescomposedofathickconnectivecapsule Theyusuallyovalshaped 低倍镜10 触觉小体位于真皮乳头内 为卵圆形突起结构 外包结缔组织被囊 Highpower 40 tactilecorpuscle isenvelopedbyconnectivetissue withafewlayersofpinacocyteinit whichconstitutetheconnectivetissuecradleofthetactilecorpuscle 高倍镜40 触觉小体内有许多扁平横列的细胞 外包结缔组织被囊 5 sensorynerveending感觉神经末梢 lamellarcorpuscle环层小体 HE NO 91 skin lamellarcorpuscle Lowpower 10 lamellarcorpusclecanbefoundinthedeeplayerofthedermis Youcanseeanovalcorpusclewithmanylayersofconcentricarrangedpinacocytes 低倍镜10 环层小体位于真皮深层 为圆形或卵圆形呈同心圆排列的结构 6 spinalganglia脊神经节 HENO 24 Spinalgangliaarealsocalleddorsalrootganglion Inlowpower thenervefibersandcellsaredistributedinfascicle group Cellsgroup 脊神经节又称背侧根神经节 为假单极神经元 低倍镜下 可见神经纤维及成群排列的细胞 Inmedianpower thecellsgroupcompriselargeneuronalcellbodiessurroundedbyalayerofflattenedsatellitecells 中倍镜 细胞群由体积大的神经细胞组成 其周围绕有扁平的卫星细胞 neuron Satellitecell Inhighpower theneuronsarepseudo unipolar thecellbodiesofwhichareextremelyroundwithprominentfineNisslbodies Theyhavealargecentralnucleuswithadistinctnucleolus Eachganglioncel