2013届高考英语二轮复习书面表达复习专题22 自然灾害话题指导

1 20132013 届高考英语二轮复习书面表达复习专题届高考英语二轮复习书面表达复习专题 2222 自然灾害话题指导自然灾害话题指导 实例指导实例指导 1 1 灾害灾害 Class Committee 思路指导思路指导 这篇文章是描写自然灾害的文章 它应该属于说明文的范畴 描述这类自然灾害首先 要说明灾害的基本情况 然后根据需要选择角度 简明扼要而又突出重点地介绍 力求真 实准确 恰如其分 写好自然灾害的文章的关键是实施求是 简单明了 写作时要注意以下几点 1 灾害发生的地点 时间等 灾害的具体影响以及有无规律 2 采取救灾的措施和结果 灾害是否可以有规律和预防 有何经验或建议等 3 时态多用一般过去时 有时为了说明规律和进行总结可以考虑用一般现在时态 4 要采用客观的描述 避免主观的描述内容过多 5 格式通常采用三部分 第一部分为事件发生的地点时间 第二部分具体灾害的内容 影 响和补救措施 第三部分为总结规律 提出防范的建议 帮助灾区的倡议 自己的想法和 感受等 参考词汇和句型参考词汇和句型 词汇短语词汇短语 hit strike deaths injuries up to kill in the following last keep away from do harm to cut off with the help of in trouble overcome difficulty as soon as possible be eager to try one s best join in 句型句型 There was is in A terrible hit The disaster caused great damage to When you you should you better as we all 2 Committee 实例指导实例指导 2 2 捐款感谢捐款感谢 写作任务写作任务 假如你是李华 是发生 8 0 级地震的汶川县的一名中学生 下面是你灾后的经历 1 目睹了人们奋不顾身救人 及时地运送食品及衣物 2 在众多陌生人的帮助下 找回了自己失散的父母 也已经重返了校园 正在重建家园 3 现在我们更加珍惜这难得的学习机会 也更懂得尊重和体谅他人 学会了互相关心和帮 助 4 要努力学习 用实际行动回报给更多的人 请你就以上内容向报社写一封信 反映灾后的情况 并对来自各方面的帮助表示感谢 注意 1 字数 120 150 2 书信的格式已给出 不计入总词数 Dear editor I m a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster Best wishes 3 要点 序号 关键单词和短语 Witness devote their efforts to save lives providing food and clothes regardless of safety Couldn t find my parents in such a short time Only few days pass before return to classrooms have classes New houses reconstruct not long before move into Treasure the opportunity study in the classroom The help from others how to respect others take others into consideration It was that make realize the importance of care for each other facing disaster Think what we should do study harder in return 第四步第四步 恰当使用句型 连词成句 恰当使用句型 连词成句 I witnessed many strangers devoted their efforts to saving lives providing food and clothes regardless of their own safety I couldn t find my parents in such a short time Only few days passed before the students returned to classrooms to have classes New houses are also being reconstructed and it is not long before we moved into our new houses we all treasure the opportunity of studying in the classroom The help from others taught us how to respect others and take others into consideration It was also the help from strangers that made us realize the importance of helping and caring for each other facing disaster 4 Now Now I think what we should do is to study harder and help more people in return Yours Li Hua 教师点评教师点评 作者注重句式的变化 斜体 与 before 有关的句型 强调句型 主语从句等各领风 骚 体现了写信者的文采 短语 下划线 使用到位 为表达文意发挥了重要作用 所增 连接词 黑体 使句子间有了自然地过渡 总之 这封信表达了列出的要点 且不落俗套 处处 句型拓展句型拓展 写感谢信及灾后重建方面的作文还可以用到以下句型 1 Thank you very much for 2 Many thanks for your 3 Please accept my sincere appreciation for 4 I am truly grateful to you for 5 It was good thoughtful of you to do 6 You were so kind to send 7 Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon 8 I find an ordinary thank you entirely inadequate to tell you how much 9 I sincerely appreciate 10 I wish to express my profound appreciation for 5 实例指导实例指导 3 3 捐款通知捐款通知 写作任务写作任务 假如你是李华 最近 在我国西南部的四川省汶川县发生了里氏 8 0 级的地震 多人 遇难 因此你们学校决定于周日邀请地震方面的专家给全体学生做有关地震安全自救知识 的讲座 请你代表学生会出一个通知 通知包括以下内容 1 讲座目的 提高学生在地震时的安全自救意识和能力 2 讲座时间 5 月 18 日 周日 下午 2 点 3 地点 学校大礼堂 4 讲座时间 1 小时 30 分钟左右 5 要求 全校所有学生务必参加 自带纸笔 注意 1 字数 120 150 2 通知的格式已给出 不计入总词数 3 生词 里氏震级 Richter scale NOTICE Remember to come on time Students Union 写作指导写作指导 第一步第一步 仔细仔细审题 确立主题 明确要求审题 确立主题 明确要求 根据文字提示可以确定 写作主要人称为第一人称 字数 120 150 体裁为通知 时 态以一般现在时为主 第二步第二步 围绕主题 提炼要点 编拟提纲围绕主题 提炼要点 编拟提纲 通知通常写一段 但可以分层次 第一层 讲座举行的原因 最近 我国在我国西南部的四川省汶川县发生了里氏 8 0 级的地震 多人遇难 分析该事件 如果人们事先意识到潜在的危险早做计划 很多人 的生命会获救 推出结果 所以学校决定邀请地震专家来做讲座 第二层 讲座具体情况 内容涉及在地震前 地震时或地震后的安全自救工作 开始时间是 5 月 18 号下午 2 点 持续约 1 个半小时 地点是大礼堂 第三层 要求 所有学生必须参加 自带纸笔 以记录重要信息 作者看法 听讲座的人都会受益匪浅 6 第三步第三步 分析要点及提纲 提炼关键单词和短语 分析要点及提纲 提炼关键单词和短语 第四步第四步 恰当使用句型 连词成句 恰当使用句型 连词成句 Recently an earthquake measuring 8 0 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County Sichuan Province in southwest China resulting in many deaths We cannot prevent an earthquake from happening but if we identified potential risks ahead of time and made advance planning many lives would be saved So this is the reason why our school has decided to invite experts to give a lecture It will involve how to protect yourself and guarantee your safety before during or after an earthquake It starts at 2 pm May 18 in the great hall and lasts about one and a half hour All the students are required to take part in the lecture on time Paper and a pen are also needed in case you write down some important points I hope everyone present will benefit a lot from it 参考范文参考范文 NOTICENOTICE Recently an earthquake measuring 8 0 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County Sichuan Province in southwest China resulting in many deaths Unfortunately Unfortunately we cannot prevent an earthquake from happening but if we identified potential risks ahead of time and made advance planning many lives would be saved So this is the reason why our school has decided to invite experts to give a lecture It will involve how to protect yourself and guarantee your safety before during or after an earthquake It starts at 2 pm May 18 in the great hall and lasts about one and a half hour All the students 7 are required to take part in the lecture on time BesidesBesides paper and a pen are also needed in case you write down some important points I hope everyone present will benefit a lot from it RememberRemember toto comecome onon time time Students Students UnionUnion 范文点评范文点评 通知属实用文体 它的目的是把信息准确明白的传达给别人 作者选词 句都考虑到 了这一点 作者没有使用复杂的长句子 而是选用了人们熟悉的简单的句型 斜体 还 使用了大量的短语 下划线 这些都有助于读者快速浏览到需要的信息 可以说该文达 到了这个目的 句型拓展句型拓展 写 通知 类及地震方面的作文还可以用到以下句型 实战演练实战演练 8 A Forest Fire A terrible fire broke out in Dashan Timber Land at midnight yesterday On hearing the news the firefighters hurried there at once Although the fire was very big and the smoke was heavy they bravely fought against it The fire lasted for five hours before the firefighters were able to bring it under control To everyone s sorrow almost one third of the forest was destroyed in the fire Worse still one person was killed and two firefighters were badly injured According to research the fire was started by a live cigarette end thrown carelessly by a passer by The accident has taught us a lesson that measures should be taken to prevent forest fires For example notice boards should be made to warn passers by of the dangers of throwing out cigarette ends All in all the public should be taught the importance of preventing fire 请根据所给内容写一篇关于汶川地震的短文 标题已经给出 Earthquake strikes Wenchuan 写作内容 1 时间 2008 年 5 月 12 日 14 时 28 分 2 震级 里氏 8 0 级 measuring 8 0 degrees on the Richter scale 3 死伤人数 近 7 万人死亡 34 万多人受伤 破坏程度 90 建筑物倒塌 4 现在情况 灾难并不能摧跨汶川人民的精神 汶川人民在人民解放军的帮助下展开自救 相 信汶川一定会重建好 成为现代化的美丽城市 5 提醒人们不要忘记灾难和在危难时给灾区人民提供帮助 一方有难 八方支援是我们中华 民族的优良传统 写作要求 只能用五个句子表达全部内容 内容连贯 结构完整 Many people prefer to travel by air This is because air travel has some advantages In the first place airplane the miracle created by man is the fastest means of transport Secondly traveling by air is convenient and comfortable Friendly air hostesses are affectionate and considerate They look after passengers all the way to their destinations Moreover on long distance flights there are films and music for people to entertain 9 如果你去旅游你会采用何种交通方式 为什么 你可以用实例或其它方法支持你的论点 也可以参照阅读材料的内容 但不要抄袭阅读材 料 An earthquake measuring 8 0 degrees on the Richter scale hit struck Wenchuan at 2 28 on the afternoon of May 12th 2008 which killed more than 79 000 people and caused over 340 000 injured at the same time and over 90 of the buildings were destroyed However the brave Wenchuanese will not be beaten down by the disaster Now they are saving themselves with the help of the PLA We strongly believe the city is to be built to be a modern beautiful city again A year has passed but never should we forget the damage the earthquake caused to them and those who are still in terrible trouble so we should try our best to help them out for it is our fine tradition of our Chinese people 2011 年 3 月 11 日 日本发生强烈地震 引发波海啸 海啸夺去了一万多人的生命 另有 上百万人流离失所 亟待救援 世界各国纷纷捐款救灾 我国政府和人民也向受灾国家和 人民伸出救助之手 假设你是班长 在全班提出倡议 向灾区人民捐款 用英语写一篇口 头倡议 包括以下内容 1 受灾情况简介 2 尽微薄之力 奉献爱心 3 捐款地点 学校门口捐款箱 注意 1 词数 100 左右 2 可适当增加细节 以使行文连贯 3 参考词汇 海啸 tsunami 捐款 donate v donation n 倡议 propose v proposal n 参考答案 Everybody may I have your attention please Here I d like to make a proposal to you As you know at the end of 2004 a strong earthquake happened in the Indian Ocean causing a terrible tsunami The tsunami badly hit several countries in the Southeast 10 近来 你校开展 献爱心 送温暖 活动 号召广大学生向贫困或受灾地区捐款捐物 请 你参考下列表格要点提示 以 捐款还是捐物 为题写一篇 100 120 字的英语短文 可适 当增加内容 短文开头已给出 不计入总词数 参考词汇 生活必需品 daily necessities 关于捐款关于捐物 赞 成 1 捐款可以直接帮助人们购买生活必 需用品或用于重建家园等 1 捐物可以旧物利用 反 对 2 中学生无生活来源 无钱捐献 2 捐物可能造成浪费 因为有些人得到 的捐物并非自己所需要的物品 We often give money to the people in poor or disaster stricken areas But some students 作文评分原则 1 本题总分为 30 分 按 5 个档次给分 2 评分时 先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次 然后以该档次的要求来衡量 确定或调整档次 最后给分 3 词数少于 80 或多于 120 的 从总分中减去 2 分 4 评分时应注意的主要内容为 内容要点 应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性以及上下 文的连贯性 5 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面 评分时 应视其对交际的影响速度予以考虑 英美拼写以及词汇用法均可以接受 6 如书写较差以及影响交际 将其分数降低一个档次 One possible version We often give money to the people in poor or disaster stricken areas But some students don t think it a good way to do so In their opinion money can be used to buy daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns while sometimes the things people there receive are not what they need actually But some other students think that giving used clothing to the people in those areas is better Many people especially in rich areas and in cities have much clothing they no longer like or need By giving it away 11 One possible version We often give money to the people in poor or disaster stricken areas Some students don t think it a good way to help people there However some prefer helping the unfortunate with money In their opinion money can be used to buy daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns while sometimes the things people there receive are not what they need actually But some other students think that giving used clothing to the people in those areas is better Many people especially in rich areas and in cities have much clothing they no longer like or need By giving it away to the needy people we can make the best use of it Besides we are just students and we have no incomes of our own Anyhow no matter which way is considered better we should try our best to help those who need help 阅读下面的短文 然后按照要求写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文 I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains The sun was setting when my car broke down near a remote and poor village Cursing my misfortune I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were argui