现在完成时资料

1 现在完成时态现在完成时态 1 用法 用法 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 强调结果 例 Yesterday I finished my homework that s to say I have finished my homework now 过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态 强调继续 例 I have lived here since 1990 2 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成 have has 过去分词过去分词 3 现在完成时的四个基本句型现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句 He has finished the work 一般疑问句 Has he finished the work 否定句 He has not finished the work 回答 Yes he has No he hasn t 特殊疑问句 What has he done 4 在下列情形下用现在完成时在下列情形下用现在完成时 1 九词语 already 已经 肯定句中或句尾 例 I have already found my pen I have found my pen already yet 已经 否定句和疑问句句尾 例 I have not finished the work yet Have you bought a computer yet ever 曾经 句中 例 Have you ever seen pandas never 从不 句中 例 I have never been to Beijing just 刚刚 句中 例 I have just done my work before 以前 句尾 例 I have never been there before so far 到目前为止 例 So far he has learnt 200 words how long 多久 例 How long have you lived here how many times 多少次 例 How many times has he been to Beijing 2 两词组 have has gone to 去了某地去了某地 例 He has gone to Beijing 去了北京 have has been to 去过某地去过某地 例 He has been to Beijing 去过北京 3 两结构 for two monthsfor 一段时间一段时间 Jim has lived here for 2 months since last year since 3 years ago since 1990 since 过去点时间过去点时间Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago since he came heresince 过去时态句子过去时态句子He has been in China since he came here 4 如果句子里面没有时间状语 汉语意思能够加 已经 往往用现在完成时态 例 Have you lost your library book 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗 5 现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型 They have planted many trees in the last few years 在过去的几年 他们已经种了很多树 This is the best book I have ever read 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书 It is the first time I have played the computer games 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏 5 在现在完成时中 一次性动词在现在完成时中 一次性动词不能不能和一段时间状语连用和一段时间状语连用 2 例 He has bought the book for 3 years 错 因 buy 这个一次性动词不能和一段时间 for 3 years 连用 改正的办法有五种 He has bought the book 去掉一段时间 for 3 years He bought the book 3 years ago 改为一般过去时 使句子的意思不变 It s 3 years since he bought the book 3 years has passed since he bought the book 改为固定句型 It is since He has not bought the book for 3 years 改为否定句 He has had the book for 3 years 用延续性动词 have 代替 buy 6 还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况 可参照前面的五种办法改正 前四种改法都一样 第第 五种改法各不相同五种改法各不相同 举例如下 come arrive get to reach be here 例 I have come here for 3 years 错 改为 I have been here for 3 years leave go be away 例 He has left for 3 hours 错 改为 He has been away for 3 hours begin start be on 例 The film has begun for 3 minutes 错 改为 The film has been on for 3 minutes open be open close be closed 例 The shop has opened for 3 years 错 改为 The shop has been open for 3 years die be dead 例 His father has died for 3 years 错 改为 His father has been dead for 3 years finish end be over 例 He has finished the work for 3 days 错 改为 The work has been over for 3 days join be in be a member 例 I have joined the army for 3 years 错 改为 I have been in the army for 3 years 或 I have been a soldier for 3 years buy catch have 例 I have bought the bike for 3 years 错 改为 I have had the bike for 3 years 例 He has caught a cold for 3 days 错 改为 He has had a cold for 3 days borrow keep 例 I have borrowed the book for 3 years 错 改为 I have kept the book for 3 years 还有其它的归纳如下 还有其它的归纳如下 break be broken get up be up marry be married become be lose be lost 7 延续性动词和终止性动词延续性动词和终止性动词 延续性动词 表示的动作是能延续的动作 这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响 延续性动词 表示的动作是能延续的动作 这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响 如 learn work stand lie know walk keep have wait watch sing read sleep live 终止性动词 也叫非延续性动词 瞬间动词 一次性动词 终止性动词 也叫非延续性动词 瞬间动词 一次性动词 表示的动作不能延续 即动作 发生后立即结束 产生某种结果 在有了某种结果后 动作就不能再继续下去 如 leave start set out arrive reach get to begin stop shut turn off marry put put on get up wake fall join meet receive finish end complete become come go die open close break give jump buy borrow 8 终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用 终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用 He has died for three days 错 终止性动词 die 不能和一段时间 for three days 连用 3 一 用所给动词的适当形式填空一 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 Thanks a lot It s sunny again It rain for a long time 2 Mr Li live here since 8 years old 3 Since Mr Li came here he teach in this school 4 It s the third time that I see him this month 5 Is your mother at home No she go to work 6 Her mother become a doctor in 1970 She work in the hospital since 26 years old 7 He teach English here since we see him 5 years ago 8 How many times you be to Beijing Only once I go there two years ago 9 I ve lost my cat you ever see it anywhere 10 My parents are not at home They leave for Shanghai 11 Wait here please The train not arrive yet 12 Where is my dictionary Li Ping take it away 13 I lose my pen and I look for it now 14 I not see such a strange thing before 15 He joined the Party in 1990 He be a party member for 10 years 16 How long Uncle Wang work in this factory Since 1995 17 So far the children learn 1 000 English words 18 you mend your bike Yes I mended it a moment ago 19 I ll tell him the news that our class win already 20 She stay here for over 5 years 21 The box is empty Who eat all the cakes 22 He has found his bike When he find it 23 Her sister go to Shanghai She leave this morning 24 My friend Wang Hai often swim in the river 25 The teacher reach Beijing two days ago 二 每处划线中有错误 在题后改正二 每处划线中有错误 在题后改正 1 Jim has bought the book for just 3 days 2 Uncle Wang has died for 3 years 3 I have gone to Beijing three times 4 Jim isn t here He has been to Beijing He went there this morning 5 She has lived there since 8 years 6 Has he been a teacher for 1990 7 I lived here since 3 months ago 8 Have you finished the work yet Yes I did 9 Jim s brothers has made many kinds of kites 10 He has taked the books away 三 按要求句型转换三 按要求句型转换 Kate has already finished the homework 否定句 否定句 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 两回答 两回答 4 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 四 单项选择 四 单项选择 1 Both his parents look sad Maybe they what s happened to him A knew B have known C must know D will know 2 He has been to Shanghai has he A already B never C ever D still 3 Have you met Mr Li A just B ago C before D a moment ago 4 The famous writer one new book in the past two year A is writing B was writing C wrote D has written 5 Our country a lot so far Yes I hope it will be even A has changed well B changed good C has changed better D changed better 6 Zhao Lan already in this school for two years A was studying B will study C has studied D are studying 7 We Xiao Li since she was a little girl A know B had known C have known D knew 8 Harry Potter is a very nice film I it twice A will see B have seen C saw D see 9 These farmers have been to the United States Really When there A will they go B did they go C do they go D have they gone 10 you your homework yet Yes I it a moment ago A Did do finished B Have done finished C Have done have finished D will do finish 11 His father the Party since 1978 A joined B has joined C was in D has been in 12 Do you know him well Sure We friends since ten years ago A were B have been C have become D have made 13 How long have you here About two months A been B gone C come D arrived 14 Hurry up The play for ten minutes A has begun B had begun C has been on D began 15 It ten years since he left the army A is B has C will D was 16 Miss Green isn t in the office she to the library A has gone B went C will go D has been 17 My parents Shandong for ten years A have been in B have been to C have gone to D have been 18 The students have cleaned the classroom A so they B don t they C have they D haven t they 19 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China A How soon comes B How often got C How long came D How far arrive 20 His uncle for more than 9 years A has come here B has started to work 5 C has lived there D has left the university 一 单项选择 一 单项选择 1 现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 或过去发生的动作还未结束 现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 或过去发生的动作还未结束 一直持续到现在或将来 重点在于对现在的影响 这种考查难度较大 往往无时间状语 需一直持续到现在或将来 重点在于对现在的影响 这种考查难度较大 往往无时间状语 需 要从上下文分析 推理才行 故上两侧根据上下文分析 推理 正确答案是 要从上下文分析 推理才行 故上两侧根据上下文分析 推理 正确答案是 2 现在完成时常与 现在完成时常与 already 已经 已经 just 刚刚 正好 刚刚 正好 ever 曾经 曾经 never 从来 从来 也不 从不 也不 从不 before 以前 以前 yet 仍然 等连用 故 仍然 等连用 故 2 应选应选 B 3 C 4 现在完成时常与 现在完成时常与 recently 近来 近来 so far 到目前为止 到目前为止 in the past last 一段时一段时 间间 等时间状语连用 因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间 句中的动作是等时间状语连用 因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间 句中的动作是 从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的 故从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的 故 4 应选应选 D 5 C 6 现在完成时时常与 现在完成时时常与 for 时间段或时间段或 since 过去时间点过去时间点 连用 含从句 从句过去时 连用 含从句 从句过去时 故