阅读理解词义猜测题

1 阅读理解词义猜测题 词义猜测题就是考查考生在阅读时不用查词典 仅仅通过上下文的意思就能猜测出生词词 义的能力 突出考查考生对语境的分析和把握能力 考查的词有时为新词 有时为熟词新 义 设问方式 设问方式 对单词意思的猜测 1 The underlined word in the paragraph refers to means 2 What does the word In paragraph stand for mean 3 could best be replaced by which of the following 4 the word is closest in meaning to 对短语意思的猜测 1 The expression phrase Means 2 the underlined expression phrase in paragraph refers to means 3 could best be replaced by which of the following 4 the phrase is closest in meaning to 对句子意思的猜测 1 The sentence indicates that 2 The underlined sentence implies means that 3 what does the underlined sentence mean 4 By the author means that 对代词的意思猜测 What does the word Underlined in the last paragraph refer to What does the underlined word refer to 解题技巧 解题技巧 1 根据单词的前缀或后缀猜测单词的意思 2 注意文章中能够解释生词的定义性语句 3 根据单词与文章其他部分的关系 通过对比 因果 比较等方法猜测词义 4 根据同义词或近义词猜测词义 答题步骤答题步骤 1 首先要认真阅读文章 对文章的内容有一个大体的了解 把握好文章的整体脉络 2 对题目中出现的要求考生猜测的短语 单词或句子的部分进行反复的阅读 力求从一 下句或一些定义性的语句中找到有用的信息 3 将猜出的单词 短语或句子的意思带入文中进行检验 看是否符合上下句的意思 文 章上下是否衔接 连贯 方法指导 方法指导 单词 对单词的意思猜测时要利用构词法 同义词 近义词 反义词或提示句进行猜测 并通过文章的大意来验证 1 根据上下文解释作出判断根据上下文解释作出判断 根据短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语 在上文或下文出现其定义或解释 这就是 判断该词或短语意义的主要依据 例 1The reason for the size difference was easy to see Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5 10 of the size of its larger competitor it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group More often than not the evicted fish is then eaten up 09 湖南 C 2 66 The underlined words the evicted fish in Paragraph 3 refer to A the fish beaten up B the fish found out C the fish fattened up D the fish driven away 分析 从前面的 being driven away 可知 得出答案是 2 根据转折或对比关系判断根据转折或对比关系判断 根据上下句的连接词 如 but however otherwise 等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别 从而依据某一句的含义 来确定另一句的含义 另外 分号 也可以表示转折 对比 或不相于的意义 例 2July 21 st 2007 was a typical English summer s day it rained for 24 hours As usual I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house Nothing was amiss By the time I lift work at 5 pm however the road into our village was flooded Our house bad never been flooded but as I opened the front door a wave of water greeted me Thank God the kids weren t with me because the house was 5 feet deep in water We lost everything downstairs And the plaster had to be torn off the walls ceilings pulled down 45 What does the underlined word amiss in the first paragraph mean A Wrong B Missing C Right D Found 分析 根据 however 可以猜测出 nothing was amiss 与 the road into our village was flooded 是相反的 因此答案为 4 根据构词法 转化 合成 派生 根据构词法 转化 合成 派生 进行判断进行判断 在英语中 有很多词可以在其前面加前缀或后缀构成另一个词 掌握了一定的构词法 便可轻松猜出它的词义 5 根据因果关系进行判断根据因果关系进行判断 08 全国二 B In nutrition 营养 it was all good news too This nice tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C 维生素 C than the old green variety Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins but also good against some diseases People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit The new type of pineapple was selling fast and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater 62 The underlined word fixture in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something A that people enjoy eating B that is always present C that is difficult to get D that people use as a gift 分析 根据对该水果在营养 口味等方面的优势分析 得出它是购物者的菜篮中的不 可或缺的水果 答案为 B 6 根据同位关系进行判断根据同位关系进行判断 在篇章中有时出现新词 难词 后面就跟着一个同位语 对前面的词进行解释 有时 这种解释也用连词 or 连接 7 利用文章中的举例来猜测词义利用文章中的举例来猜测词义 可以用从具体到一般 根据文章所举的例子 猜出该词的意思 08 北京 C You can perhaps help with this The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees personal life events is becoming a little troubling Certainly the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then In the past month however there have been collections for two baby shower gifts one wedding 3 shower gift two wedding gifts one funeral 葬礼 remembrance four birthday gifts and three graduation gifts 63 The underlined word contributions probably means A money B suggestions C reports D understanding 分析 根据后面 the group sending of a gift is reasonable 等猜测出应当是买礼物所 需要的钱 得出答案 8 利用同义词或反义词来猜测词义利用同义词或反义词来猜测词义 09 全国二 A I know what you re thinking pizza 比萨饼 For breakfast But the truth is that you can have last night s leftovers in the a m if you want to 41 The word leftovers in paragraph I probably means A food remaining after a meal B things left undone C meals made of vegetables D pizza topped with fruit 9 利用常识来猜测词义利用常识来猜测词义 句子 句子 对句子意思的理解需要我们对文章有一个整体的理解 然后来分析句子在上下文的 意思 从而推知句子在文章中的意思 08 北京 D When I lived for a time in London I had a friend He was in despair 失望 and I was in despair But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted We gave London to each other 67 In Paragraph 3 We gave London to each other probably means A our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us B we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London C our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared D we parted with each other in London 08 北京 E On another level diet products have greater psychological effects Every time we have a zero calorie drink we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don t have to work to get results Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain and that life can be without resistance and struggle 73 In Paragraph 3 gain comes without pain probably means A losing weight is effortless B it costs a lot to lose weight C diet products bring no pain D diet products are free from calories 09 北京 C So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings We have a very limited number of studies so we re almost looking at the problem through a straw 吸管 architect David Allison says How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad generalized use of them That s what we re all struggling with 66 The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that A the problem is not approached step by step B the researches so far have faults in themselves 4 C the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect D research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns D 09 辽宁 The govemment of indin has planned to send a team to China to see how things are done A minister once said that india must open the doors for more foreign investment 投资 and such a step would work wonders as it did for China But it s a two way streat I just heard about a thousand shenzhen office workers who have gone to rangalore to train in software Mcanwhile all the IT majors are setting up a strong ptesence in China No wonder that trade which was only in the millions just ten years ago is expected to his about us 15 billion for last year and us 20 billion by 2008 a goal set by both governments 57 What does the author mean by it s a two waystreet in paragraph 10 A China and India have different traffic rules B Tea trade works wonders in beth india and China C Chinese priducts are popular in both China and India D The exchanges between India and China benefit both 09 辽宁 The idea came from Peter Omidyar who was born in Paris and moved to Washington when he was still a child At high school be became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tuft University in 1988 He worked for the next few years as a computer cagineer In his free time he started Bay as a kind of hobby at first offering the service free by word of mouth By 1996 there was so much traffic on the website that he had to upgrade 升级 and he began charging a fee to members Joined by a friend Peter Skill and in 1998 by his capable CEO Meg Whiman he has never looked back Even in the crashes of the late 1990s abay has gone from strength to strength It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping websites on the Internet 62 From he has never looked back in Paragraph 2 we learn that peter A did not feel lonelyB was always hopeful C did not think about the pastD became more and more successful 短语短语 短语 对短语的意思猜测主要是根据对上下文的理解 文章内在的逻辑关系以及对课文整 体意思的理解来推断 09 四川 C Honesty comes in many forms First there s self honesty Is what people see the real article or do you appear through smoke and mirrors I find that if I try to be something I m not I feel unsure of myself and take out a part from my PBA personal bank account I love how singer Judy Garland put it Always be a first class version 版 本 of yourself instead of a second class version of somebody else 49 The underlined part appear through smoke and mirrors in the first paragraph means A to be honest B to be unreal C to become clear D to come from an imagined world B 09 上海陆空 C The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer s screen and even to set a spoken message Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind 72 The expression to give the thief a piece of their mind can be understood as 5 A to give the thief an alert mind B to express the owners anger to the thief C to remind the thief of his conscience D to make the thief give up his mind B 09 广东 B We studied the board critically Some of US looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard rocking the sheets to the fight or left while we conjured up our designs Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought We had plans for that ten dollar grand prize each and every one of US I m going to spend mine on candies one hopeful would announce while another practiced looking serious wise and rich 47 The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means A formed an idea forB made an outline for C made some space forD chose some colors for A 09 湖北 A My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the United States The rest of his family remained in Europe When World War I broke out he seemed to have become another man downherated Such obvious change was not born out of his welfare but out of fear if his only son my uncle had to go to war it would be cousin fighting against cousin One day in 1918 my Uncle Milton receved his draft notice My grandparents were very upset But my mother at the age of 10 felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends my uncle bought them al service pins which meant that they had a loved one in the service All the little girls were delighted 52 The underlined phrase draft notice means A order for army service B train ticket for Europe C letter of rejection D note of waring 53 What did the service pins in Para 2 stand for in the dyes of the little girls A Strength B Courage C Victory D Honor 代词代词 代词 我们要在理解全文意思的基础上 通过对上下句或上下文的理解来推测代词在句中 的指代对象 文章中的代词 it that he hi 或 them 可以指上文提到的人或物 其中 it 或 that 还可以指一件 事 有时代词与其指代的对象相隔较远 有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结才能得出代 词所指代的事 遇到这种情况要认真分析原文 08 全国二 A The next day my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood Although our times together became easier over the years I never felt closer to him at that moment After so many years I m at last seeing another side of my father And in so doing I m delighted with my new friend My dad in his new home in Arizona is back to me from where he was 59 The underlined words my new friend in the last paragraph refer to A the author s son B the author s father B the friend of the author s father D the caf owner 6 09 浙江 A We were in Boston a place not always known for small conversation between strangers The woman stopped unloading her basket and looked up at me She smiled It was a nice smile warm and reassuring and I returned her gift by smiling back 42 What does the underlined phrase her gift Paragraph 2 refer to A Her words B Her smile C Her flowers D her politeness 09 四川 E One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally but that s not the end of the problem Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people which drives up the cost of food That result leads to turning the fallow land including in some cases rain forest in places such as Brazil into farmland which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide CO2 into the air Finally over many years the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss But by then climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help 58 The underline word it in the second paragraph refers to A the energy benefit B the forest loss C climate change D burning ethanol 09 安徽 B Of course the good of oxen is not limited to plowing In fact they are seen as boats on