人教版八年级上册英语Unit-1-知识点语法点及课后习题.docx

Unit 1 Key words（重点单词）:anyone, anywhere, wonderful, few, most, something, nothing, everyone, myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diary, enjoyable, activity,decide, try, bird, bicycle, building, trader, wonder, difference, top, wait, umbrella, wet, below, enough, hungry, as, hill, duck, dislike, (任何人，在任何地方，精彩的，不多， 最多，某事， 没有什么， 每人， 我自己， 你自己，母鸡， 猪，好像， 厌倦的， 某人， 日记， 有乐趣的， 活动， 决定， 尝试， 鸟，自行车， 建筑物， 商人， 想知道， 差别， 顶部， 等待， 伞，湿的， 在 下面， 足够的， 饥饿的， 如同， 小山， 鸭， 不喜欢) 语法：一般过去时的用法1.一般过去时：概念：一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性，反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last night, last week, last year 等。例句：Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. (你去哪里度假了？我去纽约度假了。) Did you go out with anyone? No. No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. (你和谁出去了吗？ 没有。没有人在这里。每个人都在度假。) Did you buy anything special ? Yes, I bought something for my father. No, I bought nothing. (你买了什么特别的东西吗？是的， 我给我爸爸买了东西。/ 没有， 我什么都没有买。)How was the food ?Everything tasted really good ! (食物怎么样? 一切都尝起来特别棒！)Did everyone have a good time?Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.(每个人都玩的开心吗？ 噢是的，一切都棒极了。）2.一般过去时的动词变化情况方法示例一般情况+edworkworked, look -looked以不发音e结尾+dlive-lived ， hope - hoped以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i+edstudy - studied， carry - carried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后的辅音字母+edstop - stopped, plan - planned 以ic结尾的动词变ic 为ick+edPicnic - picnicked, 特殊情况不规则are - were, is/am - was, do - did3.复合不定代词（1）.some, any, every, no 都能和one ,body, thing一起构成代词，这些代词叫复合不定代词，他们的基本含义为：指人： somebody, someone 某人 anybody, anyone 任何人 everybody, evryone 每人 nobody , no one 没人 指物：something 某物某事 anything 任何事物 everything 一切 nothing 没东西（2）.一般情况下， some 构成的复合不定代词，其作用和some相同，用于肯定句；any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句；no构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义，用于否定句。Practice (课后练习)：1.Complete the conversations with the correct words in the box.anything, everything, nothing, anyone, everyone, no one1.A: Did _ go on vacation with you last month?B: Yes, my family went to the countryside with me.2. A: Did your family go to the beach with you last weekend?B :No. _ from my family went, but my friend went with me.3. A: I didnt bring back anything from Malaysia.B: _ at all ?Why not?4. A: Did you buy _ in the shopping center? B: No, I didnt. _ was very expensive.5. A: How was the volleyball game yesterday? B: Great! _ had a fun time!2.Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Last August, our class _(do) something very special on our school trip. We _(go) to Mount Tai. We _(start) our trip at 12:00 at night. Everyone in our class _(take) a bag with some food and water. After three hours, someone looked at the map and _(find) out we _(be,not) anywhere near the top. My legs _(be) so tired that I wanted to stop. My classmates _(tell) me to keep going, so I _ (go) on. At 5:00 a.m., we got to the top ! Everyone _(jump) up and down in excitement. Twenty minutes later, the sun _ (start) to come up. It was so beautiful that we _(forget) about the last five hours!3.用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1).Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. (2). Mike _ (not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get) up late.(3). Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.(4). There _ (be) no one here a moment ago.(5). I _ (call) Mike this morning.(6). I listened but _ (hear) nothing.(7). Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.(8). Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm.(9). My mother _ (not do ) housework yesterday.(10).She watches TV every evevning. But she _ (not watch ) TV last night.(11). _ your father _(go) to work every day last year?(12). -What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday? - We _(get) to Beijing at 9：00 in the evening.(13). What _ (make) him cry just now?(14). Last year the teacher _(tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.(15). There _(be) a telephone call for you just now. (16). There _(be ) not enough people to pick apples that day.(17). There _(be not) any hospitals in my hometown in 1940.(18). There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there?(19). Eli _ to Japan last week.(move)(20). -When _ you _ (come) to China? - Last year.(21). Did she _(have) supper at home?(22). Jack _ (not clean) the room just now.(23). _ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?(24). How many people _(be) there in your class last term?(25). It _(be) hot yesterday and most children _(be) outside.(26). There _(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it.(27). He ate some bread and _ (drink ) some milk.(28). _ he _(finish) his homework last night?(29). I _ (be) tired yesterday.(30). I _ (gain) Arts degree last year.(31). What _ you _ (do) last night?(32).My grandfather _(leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.(33). What _ he _ (do) yeaterday?(34). Last week I _(buy) a new bike.(35). He _(be) here just now.(36). He _(not find) his key last night.(37). My father _(drink) a lot of wine yesterday.(38). _ you _ (finish) your homework yesterday?(39) I _(eat) some eggs and bread this morning.(40). Her mother _(not give) the girl any present.课后习题答案：一.1. anyone, 2.no one 3.Nothing 4.anything , everything 5.everyone二. Did, went, started, took, found, werent, were, told, wwent, jumped, started, forgot.三. 1.came 2.didnt go, got 3.read 4.was 5.called 6. heard 7. Began 8.picked 9.didnt do 10.didnt watch 11.Did ,go 12.did. get, got