中考英语定语从句复习

中考英中考英语语定定语语从句复从句复习习 在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词 引导定语从句的关系代词有 who whose whom which that as 引导定语从句的关系副词有 when where why 关系代词在定语从句中做主语 宾语 定语 关系副词在定语从句中做状语 一 由 who 引导的定语从句 who 在从句中做主语 口语中也可做宾语 修饰表示人的先行词 例如 This is the man who helped me Do you know the comrade who spoke just now The boy who whom we saw yesterday is John s brother 二 whom 引导的定语从句 whom 在从句中作宾语 修饰表示人的先行词 口语中可以省略 The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room The person whom you just talked to is Mr Li The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li 介词后 whom 不能省略 The babies whom the nurses are looking for are very healthy 固定短语中的介词一般不省略 介词仍放在动词之后 三 whose 引导的定语从句 whose 在从句中作定语 修饰表示人或物的先行词 Do you know the woman whose name is Mary Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black 四 that 引导的定语从句 that 在从句中做主语或宾语 修饰表示人或物的先行词 作宾语时可省略 不能放在介词后面作宾语 The letter that which I received was from my father I can t find the letter that which came this morning Do you still remember the days that which we spent together This is the man that who helped me The house that which we live in is not large The house in which we live is not large The doctor that whom who you are looking for is in the room 五 which 引导的定语从句 which 在从句中做主语 也可做宾语 或介词的宾语 修饰表示物的先行词 先行词可以是词 短语 句子 This is the book which that you want The building which that stands near the river is our school The room in which there is a machine is a workshop 介词后面的 which 不能省略 The house which that we live in is not large This is the watch which that he was looking for 在含有介词的动词固定词组中 介词只能放在动词之后 不能放在 which 之前 六 that 和 which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词 但是下列情况只能用 that 先行词为不定冠词 all few little much everything nothing 等 All that you have to do is to practise every day There isn t much that I can do 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten This is the best film that I have ever seen 先行词被 all any every few little no some 等不定代词修饰时 I have read all the books that you gave me 先行词被 the only the very the last the same 等修饰时 The white flower is the only one that I really like This is the very book that I want to read This is the same book that I want to read 同一本书 This is the same book as I want to read 当主句以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时 定语从句 that 引导 Who is the man that is standing there Which of us that knows something about physics doesn t know this 先行词既有人又有物时 We talked about the persons and things that we could remember time 做先行词 前面如果有序数词或 last 来修饰时 定语从句用 that 来引 导或省略 如果没有序数词或 last 来修饰时 既可用 when 也可用 that 来引 导 This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson The first time that I saw him was in 1972 It s time that we got up 七 as 引导的定语从句 as 用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句 在从句中作主语 定语 表 语 或状语 常与 the same as such as so as as as 连用 I like the same book as you do I want to have such a dictionary as he has I shall do it in the same way as you did He is the same age as you are He will give you such information as will help you Such students as you have mentioned should be criticized Students such as you have mentioned should be criticized 在 the same 后也可用 that 引导定语从句 但意义有所不同 that 引出的定语从句 指的是与先行词同一事物 而 as 引出的定语从句是与先 行词相似的同类事物 I want to use the same tool that I used yesterday I want to use the same tool as I used yesterday 八 由 when 引导的定语从句 修饰表示时间的先行词 when 为关系副词 做定语从句的时间状语 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing 介词 which 可以代替 when I ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm I remember the days which that we spent together 九 由 where 引导的定语从句 修饰表示地点的先行词 where 为关系副词 做定语从句的地点状语 This is the place where we lived for five years The factory where his father works is in the west of the city The factory in which his father works is in the west of the city 介词 which 可以代替 where This is a place which that I wanted to visit 十 Why 引导的定语从句 why 做原因状语 I know the reason why he came late The reason why he was late was that he was ill 非限定性定语从句 1 who 指人 做主语 Yesterday I met Li Ping who seemed to be very busy 2 whom 指人 作宾语 He had many friends many of whom had been in the universities 3 whose 指人 作定语 The Chairman s daughter whose name is Ann gave Tom a smile 4 which 指物 做主语 宾语 His speech which bored everyone went on and on The speech which he had written on the paper seemed endless 5 where 指地点 作状语 Galileo lived in the city of Pisa where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high 6 when 指时间 作状语 The meeting will be put off till next month when we will have made all the preparations 7 as 做主语 表语 宾语 先行词可以是一个词 一个短语或一个句子 To shut your eyes to facts as many of you do is foolish As we all know he studies very hard As 引导的定语从句可放在主句前 也可放在主句后 在很多情况下已经 构成固定搭配 As everybody can see as was usual As can be seen as I expected As is known to all as may be imagined as you know as is expected as has been said before as is reported as is often said as is announced 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别 限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 如果去掉 主句的意思就 不完整或失去意义 这种从句和主句的关系十分密切 写时不用逗号分开 非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切 只是对先行词作些附加的说明 如果去掉 主句的意思依然清楚 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开 一般 不用 that 引导 as 和 which 引导的非限定性定语从句的比较 1 非限定性定语从句位于句未 而且 as 和 which 在从句中作主语 宾语 表 语时 可互换 He is a farmer as which is clear from his manner This elephant is like a snake as which anybody can see 2 which 引导的非限定性定语从句一般放在句未 而 as 引导的非限定性定语从 句 可放在句未 也可放在句中 句首 放在句首时不能用 which 替换 Crusoe lost his dog which made him very sad Taiwan is part of China as which is known to all As we have seen oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth 3 as 引导非限定性定语从句时 意为 这一点 这件事 常与 see hope expect know guess 等动词搭配 而 which 引导非限定性定语从句时与 主句有一种因果关系 可译为 所以 Cyprus as you all know is in the Mediterranean Bamboo is hollow which makes it very light 4 as 引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语时 其后面的谓语动词大多数必 须是连系动词 如果从句谓语动词是行为动词 则必须用 which He married her as was natural She refused to take the medicine which made her mother angry It rained hard yesterday which prevented her from going to Shenyang He is absent as is often the case The end Choose the best answers 1 Carol said the work would be done by October personally I doubt very much A it B that C when D which 2 is mentioned above the number of the students in senior high school is increasing A Which B As C That D It 3 The fence in our garden my father built many years ago has lasted for a long time A that B which C what D where 4 There s still much can be improved about it A which B that C if D what 5 When lost in work he often was he would forget all about eating and sleeping A what B so C just like D as 6 Mr Johnson s son lives in Chicago is a doctor A who B whom C that D which 7 We had to delay the party till next week we should have something important to do A when B which C at which D in that 8 We traveled together as far as Chicago we said goodbye to each other A which B when C why D where 9 I ll never forget the years I lived in the country with the farmers has a great effect on my life A that which B when which C which that D when who 10 He arrived in New York in 1896 some time later he became a writer A when B where C that D which 11 She may have missed her train in case she won t arrive for another hour A what B that C which D this 12 He has made a wonderful discovery of great importance to science A which I think is B which do I think is C I think which is D which I think it is 13 I ll remember the time we spent together in the country A that B when C during which D at which 14 I don t believe the reason he has given for his being late A why B that C how D what 15 There were two small rooms in the house served as a kitchen A the smaller of which B the small of which C the smaller of them D the smaller one 16 He lived in London for 3 years during time he learned some English A this B which C that D same 17 Will you please show me the way to the only tall building stands near the post office A x B in which C that D where 18 Alice has a large collection of photos was taken in London A none of them B no one of which C all of which D none of which 19 His sister had become a teacher was what he wanted to be A who B what C that D which 20 Next winter you ll spend in Harbin I m sure will be another exciting holiday A which B when C in which D where 21 With the fast development of agriculture the people village I taught before have lived a happy life A who B whose C in whose D in which 22 The boss restaurant I am serving is a kindhearted man A in which B in whose C where D which 23 I fell most angry about the way I ve been treated A when B that C where D how 24 He was rude to the Customs officer of course made things even worse A who B whom C what D which 25 There is a mountain the top is always covered with snow A whose B of which C it s D that 26 He has had the same life his father lived A where B as C that D when 27 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play of course made the others unhappy A who B which C this D what 28 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese Vase was very reasonable A which price B the price of which C its price D the price of whose 29 The Chicago Bulls was made up of the best basketball players in the States and were black Americans A most of them B most of whom C most of that D most of which 30 break the law should be punished the judge shouted A Someone B Anyone C Whoever D Those who 31 Is there a gas station around I can get some petrol A which B what C where D that 32 Is there anything else you require A which B that C who D what 33 The last place we visited was the Great Wall A which B that C where D it 34 He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school A which B that C who D when 35 The railway tunnel through the train goes will be completed soon A which B that C it D whom 36 There is no dictionary you can find everything A that B which C where D in that 37 Next month you ll spend in your hometown is coming A which B that C when D where 38 Next month you ll be in your hometown is coming A which B that C when D where 39 He wanted to know the time he needed to know A that B when C where D what 40 There isn t so much noise in the country in big cities A that B which C where D as 41 They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English A that B which C as D what 42 Crusoe s dog became ill and died made him very lonely A as B which C that D this 43 we know now bats comes out only at night A As B Which C That D What 44 John got beaten in the game had been expected A as B that C what D who 45 has been said above grammar is a set of dead rules A Which B What C That D As 46 I have bought two ballpens writes well A none of which B neither of which C none of them D neither of them 47 There are two thousand students in our school are girls A of whom two thirds B two third of them C two third in them D two thirds in which 48 Do you know the man A whom I spoke B to who I spoke C I spoke to D that I spoke 49 This is one of the best films this year A have been shown B that have shown C that have been shown D which has been shown 50 Is some German friends visited last week A this school B this the school C this school one D this school where 51 I ll tell you he told me last month A all which B all what C that all D all 52 I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress A which B in which C on that D on which 53 Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn A that B x C which D it 54 I ve read all the books were borrowed from the library A that B x C which D they 55 You can take any seat is free A which B where C that D in which 56 A child parents are dead is called an orphan A who B who s C whose D which 57 Please pass me the dictionary cover is black A which B which of C its D whose 58 Is this museum some German friends visited last Wednesday A that B where C in which D the one 59 He has two sons work as chemists A two of whom B both of whom C both of which D all of whom 60 I your good friend will try my best to help you out A who is B who am C that is D what is 61 The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from you bought last month A that B which C the one D the one what 62 China has hundreds of