中考宾语从句PPT课件完整可编辑版.ppt

宾语从句TheObjectClause 什么是宾语 Ilikemyteacher 名词作宾语 Ienjoyplayingbasketball 动名词作宾语 Idecidetostudyhard 不定式作宾语 Iknowhim 代词作宾语 宾语是动作 行为的对象 是动作的承受者 宾语由名词 代词 不定式或相当于名词的词 短语来担任 我们知道姚明WeknowYaoMing 我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员Weknow 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 并有一个连接词引导 一什么是宾语从句 试比较 宾o 宾o 主s 谓v heisafamousbasketballplayer that 连接词 我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员 谓v 主s 宾语从句三要点 一 语序二 引导词三 时态 有哪些句子可以做宾语 1 陈述句 heisafamousbasketballplayer2 一般疑问句 Willourteachersattendthemeeting 3 特殊疑问句 whichcoatdidyouprefer Mynameis Myfavoritesportis Iam Ispeak have like Icanplay Areyou Canyouplay Doyoudo Whereareyou Whatcanyoudo Howdoyoudo 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 结构比较 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 结构比较 be 情态动词 助动词 主语 谓语 主语 特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 主语 主语 结论 陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词 情态动词 助动词在主语后 而在疑问句中 它们则在主语前 句子的两种语序 1 陈述句结构叫陈述语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序 将下列句子改成陈述句语序 1 Isthereabanknearhere 2 IsitonFifthAvenue 3 Aretheydoinghomework Thereisabanknearhere ItisonFifthAvenue Theyaredoinghomework 4 Doessheworkinahospital 5 DidyougotoCenterPark 6 Dowehavetowearauniform sheworksinahospital youwenttoCenterPark wehavetowearauniform wecanwearhatsinschool 7 Canwewearhatsinschool Where syourpenpalfrom Wheredoeshelive Whatlanguagedoesshespeak Whydoyoulikepandas Whereyourpenpalisfrom Wherehelives Whatlanguageshespeaks Whyyoulikepandas 1 由that引导的宾语从句 That只有语法作用 没有实在的意义 在口语和非正式文体中可以省略 例如 Hesaid that hewantedtostayathome Shedoesn tknow that sheisseriouslyill Iamsure that hewillsucceed 宾语从句的类型 练一练 1 Thisisabook 2 Youlikesinging 3 Heworkedlastnight 4 Theywillgohome 5 JimhasbeentoBeijing 6 Shesingswell 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句 1 Iknow 2 Shesays 3 Tellyourfriend that 一般疑问句做宾语 我问他是否想去游泳 1 改为陈述句语气 2 用if whether连接 Iask Doeshewanttogoswim hewantstogoswim If whether Iask 2 由if或whether引导的宾语从句 If和whether在句中的意思是 是否 例如 Iwanttoknowif whether helivesthere Heaskedmewhether if Icouldhelphim 练一练 1 Ishereading 2 Doyougetupatsix 3 DoesTomworkhard 4 DidyouwatchTV 5 Willtheyreadbooks 6 Canyousing 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句 1 Doyouknow 2 Iwanttoknow 3 Theteacherasks if whether 特殊疑问句做宾语 Whichcoatdidyoulikebest Iwonderwhichcoatyoulikebest 用疑问引导 改为陈述语气 我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带 Whichtiedoyoulikebest 特殊疑问句变成陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身 Iwonder Iwonder ATTENTION whichtieyoulikebest 3 由连接代词who whom whose what which和连接副词when where why how引导的宾语从句 这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分 例如 Doyouknowwho whom theyarewaitingfor Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest CanyoutellmewheretheNo 3busstopis Idon tknowwhythetrainislate 练一练 Whatisthis Whatareyoudoing Wheredoyoulive Whendoeshegetup Howdidyougotowork Whowillyouplaywith 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句 1 Doyouknow 2 Iwanttoknow 3 Canyoutellme 4 Themanasked 1 当主句是一般现在时 宾语从句的时态不作限制 我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态 e gIhear that TomhasbeentoGuilintwice Ihear that shewillcometomorrow Ihear that Jimwenttoworkanhourago Ihear that heisinterestedinEnglish 宾语从句的时态的变化 四 宾语从句中时态的变化 填一填 was is willcook issinging hasbeen wasplaying hadlearned 1 当主句是一般现在时 宾语从句的时态不作限制 我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态 需要性原则 2 当主句是一般过去时的时候 宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态 从而达到主句和从句的相互一致 e gHesaid that hewouldgotoXi an Hesaid that hewasillyesterday Hesaid that hewasreadingabook Hesaid that hehadhadsupperalready 3 当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时 就不用受到主句时态的限制 仍是用一般现在时态 e gHesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth 2 当主句是一般过去时的时候 宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态 从而达到主句和从句的相互一致 呼应性原则 1 HewillgotoHongKong 2 Heissick 3 Heisreadingabook 4 Hehasfinishedhiswork 1 HetoHongKong 2 Hesick 3 Heabook 4 He 辨一辨 wouldgo was wasreading hiswork hadfinished 确定从句的时态 根据主句时态 主句时态 从句时态 连接前 连接后 一般现在时 时态保持不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 宾语从句三要素 that 陈述句 if whether 一般疑问句 特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句 主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态 语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序 客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变 七 本课小结 Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem 1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive 2SheknewthatDannyisastudent 3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn 4Doyouknowwhocaritis 找错误 was is whose II 改错 1 MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool 2 Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast 3 Hedoesn tknowthatwhenshecancomeback Hedoesn tknowwhenshecancomeback 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 三 人称的变化1 从句的主语如果是第一人称 变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致 如果是第二人称 则与主句的宾语一致 如果是第三人称 不用变化 如 IwasborninZhangjiajie Hesaid HesaidthathewasborninZhangjiajie Youmustgivememypen hetoldme HetoldmethatImustgivehimhispen Theygotothepark shesaid Shesaidthattheywenttothepark 一随主二随宾第三人称不变化 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 三 标点的使用2 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定 主句是陈述句 用句号 主句是疑问句 用问号 Whoareyou Canyoutellme Canyoutellmewhoyouare Hissistergoestothepark hesaid Hesaidthathissisterwenttothepark 将下列句子合并为一句 1 Wheredotheystopontheway Iasked 2 Whatwillyousayatthemeeting Couldyoutellme 3 Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus Heasked 4 Iamdoingmyhomework Hesaid 5 Iwillcomeback Tomsaid Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback 6 Ishedoinghishomework Jimasked 7 Whenwillhecomeback Tomasked 8 HowcanIgettothestation Couldyoutellme 9 Whyisthetrainlate Wouldyoutellme 10 WhereisTom Theyasked Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate TheyaskedwhereTomwas Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework Whyisthetrainlate Wouldyoutellme 2 WhereisTom Theyasked 3 Doyouknowhertelephonenumber Heaskedme HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber Doyouknow Wheredoeshelive Doyouknowwherehelives Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate TheyaskedwhereTomwas 将下列句子合并为一句 1 Iamdoingmyhomework Hesaid 2 Iwillcomeback Tomsaid 3 Icanfinishmyworkbeforesupper Hesaid Hesaidthathecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 一般疑问句变为if whether 引导的宾语从句 Sheasked Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall heasked Sheaskedif whether Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper Heaskedif whether theywouldgovisittheGreatWall 如果从句是一般疑问句 引导词用if whether 语序变为陈述语序 1 WhatdidMikesay Hesaid A ifyouarefreethenextweekB whatcolourwasitC theweatherisfineD summercomesafterspring2 Letmetellyou A howmuchisthecarB howmuchdoesthecarcostC howmuchdidIpayforthecarD howmuchIspentonthecar3 Peterknew A whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC therewere12monthsinayearD whentheywillleaveforParis 4 Couldyoutellme A wheredoyouliveB whoyouarewaitingforC whowereyouwaitingforD whereyoulivein5 Shetoldmethesun intheeast A riseB roseC risesD hadrisen6 Idon tknow upsoearlylastSunday A whydidhegetC whydoeshegetB whyhegetsD whyhegot 练一练 1 MissGreendidn ttellus in2002 A wheredoessheliveB WhereshelivesC wheredidsheliveD whereshelived 2 Wouldyoupleasetellme A whendidhecomehomeB wherewouldheplayfootballC ifhadheseenthefilmD whyhedidn twatchthegame 3 Doyouknow Icouldpasstheexam A thatB whetherC whatD which 4 Iwanttoknow A whatishisnameB what shisnameC thathisnameisD whathisnameis D D B D 5 Idon tknowwhen A willthetrainleaveB thetrainwillleaveC wouldthetrainleaveD thetrainleave 6 Wedon tknow ItissaidthathewasborninSweden A whatheisB ifheliveshereC wherehecomesfromD whichcountryishefrom 7 Doyouknow duringthecomingsummerholiday A whatwillTomdoB whatdidTomdoC whatTomwilldoD whatTomdid 8 Couldyoutellme sheislookingfor A thatB whoseC whoD which B C C C 1 Ihear that 一小时后他会回来 hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch 3 Theteachertoldus that 地球围着太阳转 theearthmovesaroundthesun 2 Hesaid that 他非常想念我们 完成句子 4 Iwanttoknow 他是否跟我们一起去公园 if whether hewillgototheparkwithus 5 Askhim 他是否能来 whether if hecancome 6 Pleasetellme 我们将什么时候开会 7 Canyoutellme 他在哪儿 8 Couldyoutellme 我该怎么去车站 whenwe llhaveameeting whereheis howIcangettothestation 由if或whether引导的宾语从句 If和whether在句中的意思是 是否 例如 Iwanttoknowif whether helivesthere Heaskedmewhether if Icouldhelphim 注意一下情况只用whether 不用if 1 whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用 如 Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot 2 当宾语从句提到句首时 只能用whether引导 如 Whetheritistrueornot Ican ttell Ifitistrueornot Ican ttell 3 whether可以引导带to的不定式 如 Idon tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse Idon tknowiftoacceptorrefuse 4 whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后 作介词的宾语 如 IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings If与whether的区别 Idon tknow hewillcomeornot Idon tcareof heishandsome Hewondered tostayherethenextweek hewillcomeisnotdecided 与ornot连用只能用whether 介词后只能用whether 与todo不定式连用只能用whether 作主语只能用whether 1 WhatdidMikesay Hesaid A ifyouarefreethenextweekB whatcolourwasitC theweatherisfineD summercomesafterspring2 Letmetellyou A howmuchisthecarB howmuchdoesthecarcostC howmuchdidIpayforthecarD howmuchIspentonthecar3 Peterknew A whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC therewere12monthsinayearD whentheywillleaveforParis 4 Couldyoutellme A wheredoyouliveB whoyouarewaitingforC whowereyouwaitingforD whereyoulivein5 Shetoldmethesun intheeast A riseB roseC risesD hadrisen6 Idon tknow upsoearlylastSunday A whydidhegetC whydoeshegetB whyhegetsD whyhegot 7 Themanagercameuptosee A whatwasthematterB whatthematterwas