高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解入学基础题（五）1.doc

山西灵丘县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础题（五）阅读理解In todays throwaway society，dealing with the citys growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green mannerlargely through encouraging recyclingits aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around 18 million a year from 2013 if they dont increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the citys waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the citys waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it downafter 700 local objections reached thembecause it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。1The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is _.Arecycling BrestoringCburying Dburning答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。2The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to _.Areduce the cost of burying waste Bmeet the EU requirements Cspeed up waste recyclingDreplace landfill sites答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy.”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。3The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because _.Ait came from a private company Bthe council was not interested in it Cit was not supported by EUDthe local people were against it答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“.700 local objections reached them.”，可以断定市民是反对的。4What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils? ATo open a new landfill nearby.BTo close the Powderhall landfill in 2015.CTo set up a plant for burning waste.DTo persuade people to reduce their waste.答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school.“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers.” Said Paula Courtney, president of the Verde group. “The store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered(塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty peaking spaces. This guidance got rid of the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions. Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.“Retailers whore responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who arent so friendly.” Said professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.8. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?A. Few customers believe the service will be improved.B. Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.C. Customers have no easy access to store managers.D. Most customers wont bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.9. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers .A. can find their cars easily after shoppingB. wont have trouble parking their carsC. can stay longer browsing in the storeD. wont have any worries about security10.What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?A. Design of the store layout. B. Hiring of efficient employees.C. Manners of the salespeople. D. Huge supply of goods for sale.11.To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to .A. voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directlyB. shop around and make comparisons between storesC. settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic wayD. put pressure on stores to improve their service【参考答案】811、BBCA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。They were going to Fort Lauderdale three boys and three girls and when they boarded the bus, they were carrying sandwiches and wine in paper bags, dreaming of golden beaches and sea tides as the gray, cold spring of New York went behind them.As the bus passed through New Jersey, they began to notice Vingo. He sat in front of them, completely in silence.Deep into the night, outside Washington, the bus pulled into Howard Johnsons, and everybody got off except Vingo. The young people began to wonder about him. When they went back to the bus, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. “Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took a swig from the bottle. He thanked her and became silent again. After a while, she went back to the others, and Vingo nodded in sleep.In the morning, they awoke outside another Howard Johnsons, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. He ordered black coffee and some cookies as the young people talked about sleeping on beaches. When they returned to the bus, the girl sat with Vingo again, and after a while, slowly and painfully, he began to tell his story. He had been in prison in New York for the past four years, and now he was going home.“Are you married?”“I dont know.”“You dont know?” she said.“Well, when I was in prison I wrote to my wife,” he said, “I told her that I was going to be away for a long time, and that if she couldnt stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, and if it hurt her too much, well, she could jus forget me. Id understand. Get a new man, I said shes a wonderful woman. I told her she didnt have to write me. And she didnt. Not for three and a half years.”“And youre going home now, not knowing?”“Yeah. Well, last week, when I was sure the parole (假释) was coming through, I wrote her again. We used to live in Brunswick, just before Jacksonville, and theres a big oak (橡树) just as you come into town. I told her that if she didnt have a new man and if shed take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and Id get off and come home. If she didnt want me, forget it no handkerchief and Id go on through.”“Wow,” the girl exclaimed, “Wow.”She told the others, and soon all of them were in it, looking at the pictures Vingo showed them of his wife and three children.Now they were 20 miles from Brunswick, and the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face, as if protecting himself against still another disappointment.Then Brunswick was ten miles, and then five. Then, suddenly, all of the young people were up out of their seats, shouting and crying.Vingo sat there astonished, looking at the oak. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs 20 of them, 30 of them, maybe hundreds, flying in the wind. As the young people shouted, Vingo slowly rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus to go home.12. At the beginning of the story, the young boys and girls _. A. showed a great interest in VingoB. didnt notice Vingo at allC. wanted to offer help to Vingo D. didnt like Vingo at all13. The underlined part “Howard Johnsons” is most probably a(n) _. A. bus stationB. apartment C. hospital D. restaurant14. How did Vingo feel on the way home?A. Ashamed. B. Relaxed. C. Nervous. D. Disappointed. 15. The paragraphs following this passage would most probably talk about _. A. Vingos experience in prisonB. the young peoples travel to Fort LauderdaleC. Vingos three lovely childrenD. the dialogue between Vingo and his family【参考答案】1215、BDCD社会生活类 “In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”“Two full inches in the first three days!”These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of such products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way add to beauty or desirability. Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health. To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof (证明) under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product. One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the devices on the grounds