名词性从句讲解公开课ppt课件.ppt

nounclause名词性从句 第一轮复习 1 NounClause FunctionsasaNOUNinasentence Question Whatisthefunctionofanouninasentence 名词在句中可以充当什么成分 2 Pointoutthefunctionofeachnouninthefollowingsentences 1 Theworldlovesnature 2 Knowledgeispower 3 WeChinesearepeace loving subject object predicative subject subject apposition predicative 3 Whatarenounclauses Hisstoryisinteresting Whathesaidisinteresting Iheardhisstory Iheardwhathesaid Ilistentohisstory Ilistentowhathesaid Thisishisstory Thisiswhathesaid Theideaofgoingthereisgood Theideathatwegothereisgood SubjectclauseObjectclauseObjectclauseafteraprepositionPredictiveclauseAppositiveclause 4 什么叫名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 5 名词性从句nounclause 主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句objectclause 表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句appositiveclause 6 Whatkindofclausesarethey Whatthedriveroftheyellowcardidmademeextremelyangry Whyshedidthisisstillunknown It shardtoforgetwhatwehavelearnedinhisclasses Pleasedon ttellmymotherwhenI llgivehermygift 7 That swhyIcan tfollowyou Theproblemisthatit sveryhardtocatchyourwords Thefactthathetellsliesallthetimemakesussurprised Thereisnodoubtthatitwillraintomorrow 8 I mnotsurewhetheryouwouldlikeitornot ShefeltverysurprisedthatIfinisheditallbymyself Ihavenoideawhereheis Pleasetellusthetruthhowmanypeopleweredrownedintheflood 9 Thenoveltellsthatthetruthalwaystakesthesideofthemajorityofpeople Ican texplainwhyhebehaveslikethat Howhefinisheddoingthatisnotimportant Wherewewillgohasn tbeendecidedyet 10 名词性从句中的连接词有 连词 that whether asif though 连接代词 what who which whose whatever whoever whomever whichever 连接副词 where when why how wherever whenever 11 连词 引导从句 但在从句中不作成分that 无词义 不作成分 起连接作用whether if 是否 不作成分 起连接作用If只用于宾从中asif though 好象 只连接表语从句连接代词 引导从句 并在从句中作成分What ever 无论 什么 作主 宾 表 定语which ever 无论 哪一个 些 作主 宾 表 定语Who ever 无论 谁 主格 作主 宾Whom ever 无论 谁 宾格 作宾whose ever 无论 谁的 作定 12 连接副词 引导从句 作状语When ever 什么时候 作状语where 什么地方 how 怎样why 为什么从句中用陈述句序 疑问词 陈述句语序 13 14 Finishexerciseonpage9 textbook underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfind 1 名词性从句构成有3种 That 陈述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall b if whether 陈述句Nooneknewif whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident c 疑问词 句子的剩余成分Thisiswhatwearelookingfor 15 名词性从句考点归纳 一 名词性从句的语序 陈述语序 1 that和whether if引导的从句 Shesensedsomething AtallmaninadarkcoatwasstaringatherShesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat Shewondered Wouldthebusesstillberunning Shewonderedif whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning 16 2 疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句语序 不能用一般疑问句 倒装 语序 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜 Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗 Couldyoutellmewherehelives Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive F T T F 17 1 主语从句 从句在句中充当主语成分 1 hewillsucceediscertain 2 hewillgothereisnotknown 3 hesaidisnottrue 4 hehidthemoneyistobefoundout 5 comesiswelcome 6 It scertainhewillsucceed 7 wecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting 8 they llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet That Whether What Where Whoever that How When 18 由that引导 1 Thatweshallbelateiscertain 2 isknowntoall 地球是圆的 3 isapity 你错过了这次机会 that无意义 后接一个完整的句子 that不可省 Thattheearthisround Thatyoumissedthechance 19 考点一 主语从句后置 为了避免主语冗长 句子头重脚轻 经常用it作形式主语 主语从句放在后面作真正的主语 例 Thatweshallbelateiscertain It scertainthatweshallbelate 1 Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall 2 Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity 由连词whether和if 连接代词what who which和连接副词when where why how等引导 也常常后置 Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance It sknowntoallthattheearthisround 20 Itdoesn tmatterif whetherheisaforeigner Itisaquestionwhetherheiswillingtocome Itisunknownhowshehasreducedherweightinsuchashorttime 21 It的用法 形式主语 It possible important necessary clear that 很可能 重要的是 必要的是 很清楚 It ssaid reported that 据说 据报道 It sbeenannounced declaredthat 已经通知 宣布 Itseems appears happens that 显然 明显 碰巧 It snowonderthat 并不奇怪 无疑 It sapity afact acommonknowledge 众所周知 acommonsaying 俗话说 22 Itiswellknown reported thought said that Itisclear necessary certain true doubtful that Itisapity ashame anhonour that Itdoesn tmatterwhether Itseemsthat Ithappensthat 23 考点二注意 主语从句中 谓语动词一般用单数What引导的主语从句 可根据表语决定Whatheneeds is thatbook Whatheneeds are somebooks 24 宾语从句 25 宾语从句 1 从句在句中充当宾语成分 可以作谓语动词 介词 形容词 不定式等非谓语动词的宾语 连词 that whether if that常可省略 who what which whoever whatever whenwherewhyhow1 Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem 2 Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus 3 Iamafraidthathedidn tcallme 4 Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob 5 Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework 26 用if或whether填空 1 Idon tknow I llbefreetomorrow 2 Idon tknow ornotI llbefreetomorrow 3 Thequestionis thisbookisworthwriting whether if whether whether 27 1 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句a 当whether后紧跟ornot时 不用if eg Idon tknowwhetherIwillstayornot b 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if eg IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling 2 注意whether和if的使用区别 28 1 Itdependson wewillhaveenoughmoney 2 theycandoitmatterslittletous 3 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou whether Whether If 29 2 that在宾语从句中的省略与保留a 在主 谓 it 形式宾语 宾补 that从句 真正宾语 的句型中不省略 eg Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay Idon tthinkitrightthatyouleavehomewithouttellingyourparents b 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中 第二个that不省略 eg Hetoldme that hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime 30 3 时态一致 主从句中一致 1 当从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然现象时 从句通常用一般现在时 2 在 命令 要求 建议 等相关词后的名词性从句中常用虚拟语气 suggest advise 31 宾语从句的时态呼应 1 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时 从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 Hebelieves b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 Pleasetellme hisdreamwillcometruesomeday whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 32 2 如果主句谓语是过去时 从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态 但从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然规律等时 从句谓语通常用一般现在时 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备 Hetoldme 他说他已离开家乡十年了 Hetoldme 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的 Theteachertellsus hewaspreparingfortheexamination Hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears lighttravelsinastraightline 33 1 Thefactis shedoesn tlikepopmusic 2 Mytroubleis Idon thaveenoughexperience 3 Thequestionis hewillbepresentornot 4 Whattroubledhimwas hecouldgetthemoney Thepredicativeclauseisalsoeasy that that whether whether where how 34 3 表语从句 从句在句中充当表语成分 一般放在连系动词之后 作用 对主语进行解释说明 连接词 that whether asif asthough if不引导表语从句 连接代词 who whom whose which what连接副词 when where why how because Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim That sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry That swhyIwaslate 35 because asif也可引导表语从句 1 Heisabsenttoday It s heisseriouslyill 2 Itlooks it sgoingtorainagain TrueorFalse Hersuggestionisthatwewilldoitbyturns Hersuggestionisthatwedoitbyturns because asif 36 4同位语从句 从句在句中充当同位语成分 其一般跟在一些抽象名词 idea belief fact truth problem news等 后面 对名词作进一步解释说明 同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when where why how whether 1 Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 2 WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem 3 SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness 37 三 同位语从句的引导和辨别 1 同位语从句的格式 n 连接词 从句2 能接同位语从句的名词有 fact idea news information order belief suggestion advice等3 连接词通常是that 也可根据含义选用whether what when where等来引导同位语从句 38 1 Ihavenoidea hecomesfrom 2 Hecan tanswerthequestion hegotthemoney 3 Hegaveusmanysuggestions weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise 4 Ihavenodoubt hewillwin 5 Ihavesomedoubt hewillwin that whether where how where how that that whether 39 1 TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot 2 TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree dayvisitinChina Weheardthenewslastnight Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonathree dayvisitinChina 40 4 Timetravelispossible Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea 5 Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople especiallykidsinschool 3 Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline ManyBritishparentsholdtheview ManyBritishparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeonline Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople especiallykidsinschool 41 引导名词从句的关联词 分析下列宾语从句中的连词 Idon tdoubt that youwillsucceed Idon tknowwhether ifhewillcometonight Idoubtif whetheryouwillkeepyourpromise 3个句子中的连词that whether if 是否 在名词性从句中只起连接作用 在句中不担任成分 被称为连接词注意 a that本身无意义 在宾语从句中可以省略 但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略 B whether和if有是否的意义 在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换 但whether可以用于所有的四种名词性从句 而if仅可以用于宾语从句 连接词 42 注意 在表语从句中 表 是否 时 只能用 whether 不能用 If 一般情况下 that 不能省 引导多个并列宾语从句时 引导第一个宾语从句 that 可以省Itis wasbecause 这是因为 Itis waswhy 这就是为什么 3 Thereason why for is wasthat 4Thereasonisbecause why that 43 另外 在名词性从句中 我们还须特别注意以下问题 填空 1 Thereason wedidn ttrusthimis hehasoftenlied 2 Thereason hegaveforhisabsentis hewasill reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导 不能用why引导 但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导 44 综合运用 Theearthisround isknowntoeverybody as which 2 isknowntoeverybody theearthisround As 3 theearthisroundisknowntoeverybody That 4 isknowntoeverybodythattheearthisround It 5 Everybodyknows theearthisround that 6 surprisedusverymuchthatourteacherleftwithoutaword It 7 surprisedusverymuchwasthatourteacherleftwithoutaword What 45 Choosethecorrectsentencefromeachpair Hesaid that hecouldn ttellyourightawayandthatyouwouldn tunderstand Hesaid that hecouldn ttellyourightawayandyouwouldn tunderstand JustthenInoticed forthefirsttime ourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoat JustthenInoticed forthefirsttime thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoat 46 ImustnevertellanyonethatIcouldnotseethecloth ImustnevertellanyoneIcouldnotseethecloth Wethinkitimportantthatwestudyhard Wethinkitimportantwestudyhard 47 Whetherhewillacceptyouroffer Idon tknow Ifhewillacceptyouroffer Idon tknow Ithinkthathewillnotappear Idon tthinkthathewillappear 48 Whethershecomesornotdoesn tconcernme Ifshecomesornotdoesn tconcernme Whenandwherewewillgoarestillnotknown Whenandwherewewillgoisstillnotknown 49 IwishIsawyouyesterday IwishIhadseenyouyesterday Thedoctorsuggestedthatsherestsforafewdays Thedoctorsuggestedthatsherestforafewdays 考点二 虚拟语气subjunctivemood 50 It shigh abouttimethatIleave It shigh abouttimethatIleft Itisdemandedthathe should leaveatonce Itisdemandedthatheleftatonce 51 1 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey A whileB thatC ifD for2 hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent A WhatB ThatC ThefactD Thematter3 Allfinished wesatdowntoenjoy wethoughtthemostdeliciousdinner A thatB whichC whatD it 历届高考题 52 4 MrMikedidn tunderstand madehiswifesoupsetthismorning whatwasitB whyitwasthisC howthatwasD whatitwasthat5 Iwonder whoofthemshouldIelectB whoofthemIshouldelectC whichofthemshouldIelectD whichofthemIshouldelect 53 6 Itwasnotuntildark hefound hethoughtwasthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblem that whatB that thatC when whatD when that7 ScientistsbelievenativeAmericansarrivedbycrossingthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberiaand morethan10 000yearsago A thisisAlaskaB AlaskaisnowC isnowAlaskaD whatisnowAlaska 54 8 Isthisfactory thefalsewinewasmade Yes Andalsotheone usedtosellforgedcigarettes theone whereB that thatC what whichD where that9 Doyouthink weshoulddotoimproveourEnglish A whatB What thatC What D How that10 Theargumentremainedextremelyheated therearenecessaryconditionsofexistencesuchaswaterontheMars A thatB whetherC ifD aboutwhich 55 11 You dbettergivethetaskto youthinkcansucceedincarryingitoutaheadoftime A whomeverB nomatterwhoC anyoneD whoever12 turncolorandfalltothegroundisasignofwinter A ThatleafB ThatleavesC ThoseleafD Thoseleaves13 Yourshoesare A wheretheywereB theplaceyouputC inthecornerthatyouputD theretheyare 56 14 Theboydivedintothewaterandafter seemedtobealongtime hecameupagain A thatB whatC itD which15 WhenChristopherColumbusreached isnowtheUSA hecalledthepeopleofthenewworld Indians whichB whatC whereD theplacewhere16 hewasill IwasexpectedtotakehisplacegreatlysurprisedmeforIdidn thavemuchexperience A IfB IfthatC ThatD Thatif 57 17 Marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame whyB whatC whoD that18 Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept helphecanget whicheverB howeverC whateverD whenever19 Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand itisroughorsmooth A B whetherC howD what 58 20 intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure mailaccount WhatisrequiredB WhatrequiresC ItisrequiredD Itrequires21 Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschoolisnolonger itwas20yearsago itwassopoorlyequipped what whenB that whichC what whichD which that 59 22 Theplace thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe thecross rivertrafficistheheaviest which whereB atwhich whichC atwhich whereD which inwhich23 Mumiscoming Whatpresent foryourbirthday youexpectshehasgotB youexpecthasshegotC doyouexpectshe sgotD doyouexpecthasshegot 60 24 Don tyouthinkitnecessarythathe toMiamibuttoNewYork Iagree buttheproblemis hehasrefusedto willnotbesent thatB notbesent thatC shouldnotbesent whatD shouldnotsend what25 Doyouhaveanyidea isactuallygoingonintheclassroom A thatB whatC asD which 61 26 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether27 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree whyB whereC whatD how28 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where 62 29 AfterYangLiweisucc