第十二章容易混淆的动词

第十二章 容易混淆的动词 第十二章 容易混淆的动词 Some Confusing Verbs 在学习英语动词时 一些初学者常碰到大量易混淆的同义词 下面就几组常用的动词加以比较 1 rise raise arise arouse rise 是不及物动词 过去式为 rose 过去分词为 risen 其基本词义 上升 上涨 The sun rises in the east A good idea rose in my mind raise 是及物规则动词 举起 提高 He raised his voice to make himself heard The boy can raise the heavy stone arise 是不及物动词 过去式为 arose 过去分词 arisen 其语义为 出现 发生 His curiosity arose due to the question his mother asked arouse 是及物动词 过去式和过去分词为 aroused 其语义为 唤醒 引起 arouse somebody from sleep 把某人唤醒 arouse suspicion 引起怀疑 2 lay lie lie lay 及物动词 放置 生蛋 过去式与过去分词为 laid I ve laid the book on the self The hen lays an egg every day lie 不及物动词 位于 平躺 过去式为 lay 过去分词 lain He lay on the floor and slept soundly Beijing lies in the north of China lie 及物动词 说谎 它是规则动词 He lied to his teacher 3 sit seat sit 不及物动词 过去式与过去分词均为 sat He sat in the classroom reading newspaper seat 及物动词 使就坐 容纳 He seats himself here He is seated there He seats the baby on his knees The hall will seat 5000 people 4 affect effect affect 及物动词 对 有影响 感动 触及 The relations between then will be affected effect 及物动词 导致 造成 带来 变化 产生 The changes in methods effected some improvement in his study 5 hang hanged hanged hung hung 当 hang 过去式与过去分词为 hanged 其含义是 绞死 而当 hang 的过去式与过去分词为 hung 时 其含义 是 悬挂 The man was hanged for murder He hung his coat on the hook 6 borrow lend borrow 借入 borrow sth from lend lent lent 借出 lend sb sth 或 lend sth To sb 7 take bring fetch take took taken 及物动词 拿走 bring brought brought 及物动词 带走 fetch 及物动词 去取回来 8 receive accept 第十二章 容易混淆的动词 receive 客观上收到 accept 主观上愿意接受 I received his gift but I wouldn t like to accept it 9 fit suit 适合 fit 指 尺寸 的适合 suit 指 款式 花样等 的适合 The dress doesn t fit me It is too long Blue is the color that suits her well 10 answer reply 回答 answer vt reply vi 须和 to 连用 you needn t know it He answered So far they haven t answered replied to our questions 11 spend cost take 花费 spend spent spent 花 时间 金钱 主语须是人 He spend 5 hours writing the article cost cost cost 花费 金钱 时间 劳力 可接双宾 主语须是 物 The book cost me 20 and 2 days take 通常指花 时间 主语须是 某种事情 It takes me 20 minutes to go to school The work took me longer than I expected 12 assure ensure assure 使放心 assure sb of sth assure sb that I can assure you of my honesty ensure 保证 ensure sth 其后不能接人称 ensure that ensure doing sth I can ensure his safety He ensured that he finished the job in time He ensured coming back later 百分重点 如ensure 含义为 保护 使安全 其结构为 ensure sb from against sth He ensured the boy from drowning 13 beat defeat win vt beat beat beaten 战胜 打败比赛 辩论中的对手 He beat John at chess yesterday defeat 击败 敌军 入侵者 整个球队 They defeated the enemy in that battle win won won 赢得比赛 win over sb 赢了某人 The football team won the match 14 damage destroy hurt spoil wound injure 以上六个词中 hurt 可作及物 不及物动词外 其余五个均为及物动词 damage 损坏 害 有修复的可能性 destroy 摧毁 打破 希望 计划 毁灭 无修复的可能性 hurt 伤害 感情或身体某一部位 痛疼 第十二章 容易混淆的动词 spoil 破坏 糟蹋 晚会 旅游 参观等 宠爱 惯怀 孩子 wound 使受伤 枪伤 刀伤 injure 使受伤 e g Don t spoil your son too much The man has destroyed the girl s life all her hopes Some houses were damaged in the earthquake I don t mean to hurt you He was injured in the accident It was dangerous because he was wounded seriously in the war 测试精编 1 His newly published novel is quite a success a good income from the reading public A ensuring him B assuring him C assuring him of D assuring him about 2 Before discussing the steps in detail A a general principle should be laid down B I should like to lie down a general principle C I d like to lay down a general principle D a general principle lies 3 The typewriter A was laying on the table where it had laid all week B was lying on the table where it had laid all week C was laying on the table where it had been laid all week D was lying on the table where it had been laid all week 4 Up till now these problems have been for centuries A laying dormant B laying dormantly C lying dormant D lain dormantly 5 During the period of inflation the value of money drops as A prices rise B prices arise C the price is rising D prices are raised 6 When all the students the professor began his lecture A seated B sit C were seated D seat 7 My watch five o clock A says B tells C speaks D talks 8 Oh glad to see you John What you to this city A carries B brings C takes D makes 9 He has been working very hard rec