英语四级阅读选词填空真题讲解

这篇四级选词填空是 2007 年 6 月的四级考试真题 考生普遍反映很难 因 为绝大多数的备选单词都不认识 这也是这种阅读题型成为中国四六级考生最 崩溃的题型的最本质的和最无奈的原因 Years ago doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life In particular when older patients 47 of pain they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it Times have changed Today we take pain 48 Indeed pain is now considered the fifth vital sign as important as blood pressure temperature breathing rate and pulse in 49 a person s well being We know that chronic 慢性的 pain can disrupt 扰乱 a person s life causing problems that 50 from missed work to depression That s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 51 in pain medicine Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain which can help us treat the pain better but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social 52 related to chronic pain Such comprehensive therapy often 53 the work of social workers psychiatrists 心理 医生 and psychologists as well as specialists in pain medicine This modern 54 for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before Decades ago there were only a 55 number of drugs available and many of them caused 56 side effects in older people including dizziness and fatigue This created a double edged sword the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself 注意 此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答 A result B involves C significant D range E relieved F issues G seriously H magnificent I determining J limited K gravely L complained M respect N prompting O specialize 第一步 第一步 把 15 个单词通过后缀进行词性分类 但是通常我的习惯是遇到动词进 行二次分类 确定时态 确定单三还是非单三 遇到名词确定单数还是复数 我一 直认为单词不认识不应该成为学生放弃选词填空的原因 在做第一步之前我先 把 4 级历年真题选词填空中出现频率最高的后缀全部列举出来 名词后缀 tion sion ness ment er or ist ism 形容词后缀 able al ant ent tive sive ous less ed ing 动词后缀 ate lize ing ed 副词后缀 ly ward wise 在历年真题中只要出现 ly 一定为副词 这是频率 好 我们开始分类 名词单数 A result 结果 M respect 尊重 可能的名词复数 F issues B involves 动词原形 O specialize M respect 尊重 动词进行时 I determining 决定 确定 N prompting 动词过去式 J limited 限制 L complained 抱怨 E relieved 可能的动词单三 B involves F issues 形容词 C significant H magnificent J limited 有限的 副词 G seriously 严肃的 K gravely 不能确定的 D range 第二步 第二步 回到原文确定空内应填入的词性 单复数形式 动词时态以及其他语法现 象 具体怎么操作 我会在接下来第三步解题的时候具体讲解 第三步 第三步 具体分析 重点打击 先易后难 怎么操作 我现在开始讲解 具体解法 47 题 when older patients 47 of pain 前面是 patients 为复数名词 后 面是 of 确定应填入一个动词 后半句为 they were told 告诉我们填入过去时动词 满足此题的单词分别是 J limited L complained E relieved 根据本句中的 pain 痛苦 确定 L complained 抱怨 与 pain 痛苦 的感情方向一致 48 题 前面是 we take pain 48 确定应填入副词来修饰 take 满足的 单词有 G seriously 严肃的 K gravely 由于是 pain 痛苦 搭配严肃 如果这两个 单词都不认识也是 2 猜 1 49 题 in 49 a person s well being 我们知道 in 后面跟两种词性 名词或动名词 比如 spend time in doing sth 所以满足的单词有 I determining 决定 确定 N prompting 2 猜 1 50 题 causing problems that 50 from missed work to depression 由于有 from to 所以填入动词单配这两个介词 由于没有任何特殊信息词 本题填 入一个动词原形 由于前面是 problems 这个复数 所以排掉 B involves 满足 的只有 O specialize D range 两个都不认识 先放着不管 待会再结合处理 51 题 now depend upon physicians who 51 in pain medicine 后面是 in 确定填动词搭配 in 前面是 physicians who 人作主语 并且是复数 所以 必须是动词原形 满足的单词依然是 O specialize D range 我们可以将 50 和 51 题全部填入 O specialize 结果是必对一道 有时候放弃是为了得到 52 题 other psychological and social 52 前面是 psychological and social 这两个形容词 空内应该填入名词 由于是 other 要求我们填入一个名 词复数 满足的只有一个单词 F issues B involves 二选一 别着急 让我们看 下一道题 53 题 Such comprehensive therapy often 53 the work 前面是 often 要 求空内填入实义动词 Such comprehensive therapy 明显是单数 不认识也无所 谓 确定空内的填入的单三形式的动词 满足的是 F issues B involves 知道怎 么样最功利吗 那就是这道题和上面的 52 题都填入其中一个 结果依然必对一 道 54 题 This modern 54 for pain management 前面是形容词 modern 要求填入名词被它修饰 满足的是 A result 结果 M respect 尊重 空后是介词 for 有一点基础的人都知道 M respect 尊重 最搭配 for 所以也就排除了它作为 动词原形的可能性 所以现在知道我为什么将 51 题的满足单词固定为 O specialize D range 了吗 55 题 there were only a 55 number of drugs available 根据后面的名词 number 和前面的 a 我们确定天形容词修饰 number 满足的有 C significant H magnificent J limited 有限的 同学们 看到了 only 了吗 答案是 limited 有限的 56 题 and many of them caused 56 side effects 后面是名词概念 side effects 填入形容词来修饰吧 满足的只有 C significant H magnificent J 2 猜 1 吧 结合 49 题 2 猜 1 几率是两道 2 猜 1 两道可以对一道 2012 年年 6 月月 One in six Believe it or not that s the number of Americans who struggle with hunger To make tomorrow a little better Feeding America the nation s largest 47domestic hunger relief organization has chosen September as Hunger Action Month As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program it s asking 48 communities across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61 000 agencies in its network provide low income individuals and families with the fuel they need to 49 survive It s the kind of work that s done every day at St Andrew s Episcopal Church in San Antonio People who 50 gather at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren t looking for God they re there for something to eat St Andrew s runs a food pantry 食品室 that 51 serves the city and several of the 52 surrounding towns Janet Drane is its manager In the wake of the 53 recession the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow It is 54 reported that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal What s most surprising is that 36 of them live in 55 households where at least one adult is working It used to be that one job was all you needed says St Andrew s Drane The people we see now have three or four part time jobs and they re still right on the edge 56 financially A survive B surrounding C serves D reviewed E reported F recession G households H gather I formally J financially K domestic L competition M communities N circling O accumulate 2011 年年 12 月月 With the world s population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050 researchers businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure and jobs Underlying all this 47 challenges will be the demand for energy which is expected to double over the next 40 years Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 stable sustainable way is the cornerstone of our nation s energy security and will be one of the major 49 progress of the 21st century Alternative forms of energy bio fuels wind and solar to name a few are 50 certainly being funded and developed and will play a growing 51 role in the world s energy supply But experts say that even when 52 combined alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30 of the world s energy needs by 2050 For example even with 53 significant investments such as the 93 million for wind energy development 54 included in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio fuels 55 comprise only about 1 of the market today Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56 solutions both traditional and alternative A stable B solutionsC significant D role E progress F marvelous G included H growthI exactly J consist K comprise L competitions M combined N challenges O certainly 2011 年年 6 月月 The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth scientists said yesterday While elderly people 47 tend to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger this has a n 48 negative effect on their brain s performance and they would benefit from getting more according to research Sean Drummond a psychiatrist 心理医生 at the University of California San Diego said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep while younger people are better at sleeping 49 efficiently straight through the night More sleep in old age however is 50 associated with better health and most older people would feel better and more 51 alert if they slept for longer periods he said The ability to sleep in one chunk 整块时间 overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to 52 function well does not change Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego It s 53 definitely a myth that older people need less sleep The more healthy an older adult is the more they sleep like they did when they were 54 younger Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from 55 continuing to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s That s 56 different from person to person but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75 A alert B associated C attracting D cling E continuing F definitely G different H efficiently I formally J function K mixed L negative M sufficient N tend O younger 2010 年年 12 月月 What determines the kind of person you are What factors make you more or less bold intelligent or able to read a map All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 raised The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 displayed activity is known as behavioral genetics Behavioral genetics has made important 49 contributions to the biological revolution providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind brain and behavior Any research that suggests that 50 abilities to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 achieve based on something that is beyond your control such as your genes It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex race and eye color But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced how 52 smart they are or what career they are likely to choose A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 extent to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture 养育 by genetic makeup and the environment Increasingly science 54 indicates that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits From this perspective people are born 55 essentially like undeveloped photographs The image is already captured but the way it 56 eventually appears can vary based on the development process However the basic picture is there from the beginning A abilities B achieve C appeal D complaints E contributions J indicates K proceeds L psychological I extent M raised F displayed N smart G essentially O standard H eventually 2010 年年 6 月月 When we think of green buildings we tend to think of new ones the kind of high tech solar paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines But the U S has more than 100 million existing homes and it would be 47 incredibly wasteful to tear them all down and 48 replace them with greener versions An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses And it would take an average of 65 years for the 49 reduced carbon emissions from a new energy efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one So in the broadest 50 sense the greenest home is the one that has already been built But at the same time nearly half of U S carbon emissions come from heating cooling and 51powering our homes offices and other buildings You can t deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings says Richard Moe the president of the National Trust With some 52 exceptions the oldest homes tend to be the least energy efficient Houses built before 1939 use about 50 more energy per square foot than those built after 2000 mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 53 expand over time and let in more outside air Fortunately there are a 54 vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes from 55 historic ones like Lincoln s Cottage to your own postwar home And efficiency upgrades 升级 can save more than just the earth they can help 56 protect property owners from rising power costs A accommodations B clumsy C doubtful D exceptions E expand F historic G incredibly H powering I protect J reduced K replace L sense M shifted N supplying O vast 2009 年年 12 月月 In families with two working parents fathers may have more impact on a child s language development than mothers a new study suggests Researchers 47 recruited 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old interviewing each to establish income level of education and child care arrangements Overall it was a group of well educated middle class families with married parents both living in the home When the children were 2 researchers videotaped them at home in free play sessions with both parents 48 recording all of their speech The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology The scientists measured the 49 total number of utterances 话语 of the parents the number of different words they used the complexity of their sentences and other 50 aspects of their speech On average fathers spoke less than mothers did but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked Finally the researchers 51analyzed the children s speech at age 3 using a standardized language test The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother s level of education the 52 quality of child care and the number of different words the father used The researchers are 53 unsure why the father s speech and not the mother s had an effect It s well 54 established that the mother s language does have an impact said Nadya Pancsofar the lead author of the study It could be that the high functioning mothers in the study had 55 already had a strong influence on their children s speech development Ms Pancsofar said or it may be that mothers are 56 contributing in a way we didn t measure in the study A already B analyzed C aspects D characters E contributing F describing G established H quality I quoted J recording K recruited L total M unconscious N unsure O yet 2009 年年 6 月月 Every year in the first week of my English class some students inform me that writing is too hard They never write unless assignments 47 require it They find the writing process 48 painful and difficult How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it 49 especially English with its rich vocabulary Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 enormous mansion 豪宅 and never leaving one small room When I meet students who think they can t write I know as a teacher my 51 mission is to show them the rest of the rooms My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 enhance the moral and emotional development of my students One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day Writing ability is like strength training Writing needs to be done 53 daily just like exercise just as muscles grow stronger with exercise writing skills improve quickly with writing practice I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 performance after only a few weeks of journal writing Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student When my students practice journal writing they are practicing for their future academic political and 55 profession lives They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel a piece of sorely needed legislation or the perfect love letter Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 closer to fluency eloquence 雄辩 and command of language A closer B daily C emotional D enhance E enormous F especially G hinder H mission I painful J performance K profession L remarkably M require N sensitive O urge 2008 年年 12 月月 A bookless life is an incomplete life Books influence the depth and breadth of life They meet the natural 47 desire for freedom for expression for creativity and beauty of life Learners therefore must have books and the right type of book for the satisfaction of their need Readers turn 48 naturally to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to 49 escape from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now They are presented with a 50 diversity of human experiences and come to 51 respect other ways of thought and living And while 52 establishing their own relationships and responses to life the readers often find that the 53 characters in their stories are going through similar adjustments which help to clarify and give significance to their own Books provide 54 abundant material for readers imagination to grow Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power and stimulates achievement While enriching their imagination books 55 widen their outlook develop a fact finding attitude and train them to use leisure 56 properly The social and educational significance of the readers books cannot be overestimated in an academic library A Abundant B Characters C Communicating D Completely E Derive F Desire G Diversity H Escape I Establishing J Narrow K Naturally L Personnel M Properly N Respect O Widen 2008 年年 6 月月 Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe I had been abroad a couple of times but I could hardly 47 claim to know my way around the continent Moreover my knowledge of foreign languages was 48 limited to a little college French I hesitated How would I unable to speak the language 49 totally unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems set up 50 interviews and do research It seemed impossible and with considerable 51 news I sat down to write a letter begging off Halfway through a thought ran through my mind you can t learn if you don t try So I accepted the assignment There were some bad 52 moments But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler And ever since I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places without guides or even 53 advanced bookings confident tha