大学体验英语综合教程4(第三版)Lead-in及翻译部分

1 10 Lead in In Britain people tend to make jokes about some jobs or professions or to hold stereotyped views of them For example sailors are supposed to have a wife in every port university professors are often seen as absent minded or forgetful there are a lot of dirty jokes about sales representatives and they are generally regarded as not particularly dependable other jobs may be well paid or very responsible but the general public think they are funny or rather boring For instance in most other European countries to be an engineer is to be somebody Funnily enough in Britain engineers are thought of as gloomy rather than cheerful as result of people s ignorance of the importance of engineers in society 在英国 人们倾向于使开玩笑某种工作或职业 或持有的观点 例如 水手们应该有一个 妻子 在每一个端口 大学教授往往被视为心不在焉或健忘 有很多肮脏的销售代表 他们通常认 为是开玩笑不是特别可靠的其他工作可以高薪或非常负责任 但公众认为他们有趣或而无聊 例如 在大多数其他欧洲国家成为一个工程师是别人 有趣的是 在英国工程师被认为是悲 观而不是快乐的人们的愚昧造成的社会工程师的重要性 The man and the woman in the play were tourists Their names were Sidney and Ethel Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays The woman thought that he wrote them on a typewriter The man said that Shakespeare used a tape recorder and imagined him with a microphone in his hand The man said that Shakespeare was too busy to watch television because he went to the theatreevery night They thought the other man was Shakespeare s grandchild They told him he was lucky to live in a famous house 男人和女人玩的游客 他们的名字分别是西德尼和埃塞尔莎士比亚写了很多戏剧的女人认 为他写在打字机上 那人说 莎士比亚使用录音机 想象他手拿麦克风 在手里 那人说 莎士比 亚忙得没时间看电视 因为他去了 theatreevery 夜晚 他们认为另一个人是莎士比亚的孙子 他们告诉他他很幸运 生活在一个著名的房子 Copyright is the exclusive legal right given to the originator or their assignee for a fixed number of years to print publish perform film or record literary musical or artistic material and to authorize others to do the same A federal judge s ruling in New York Wednesday that Internet music distributor must pay up to 250 million to Universal Music Group for copyright infringements has S5 raised questions not just about the future of MP but also generally the future for downloading music movies and other products from the Internet U S District Judge Jed said MP willfully violated copyrights and ordered it to pay 25000 per Universal CD An exact number of CDs and total damages will be determined at a November hearing MP vowed to appeal We believe that everyone should have the right to listen to the music they purchase even if it s on the Internet said MP CEO Michael Robertson 版权的独家法律权利 给发起人或其受让人固定数量的年 印刷 出版 演出 电影 或记录文学 音乐或艺术材料 授权 其他人做同样的事情 2 10 周三在纽约的一名联邦法官的裁决 互联网音乐发行商必须支付高达 2 5 亿美元 环球音乐集 团版权侵权行为 S5 提出了 的问题不仅仅是 MP 的未来 而且一般下载 音乐的未来 电影和其他产品从互联网 美国地区法官 Jed 说 MP 故意 侵犯了版权 命令它支付 25000 美元 普遍 CD CDs 的准确数量和总损失认定将在 11 月听证会上 MP 发誓要上诉 我们相信 每个人都应该有权利听音乐他们购买 即使是在互联网上 MP 的首席执行官迈克尔 罗伯逊说 English is becoming the world s language of the 21st Century and this is no time to discourage U S residents or immigrants from learning English English is now the second most widely spoken language in the world with only Chinese dialects spoken by more people English is overwhelmingly the second language of choice for non English speaking people English is the official language of the European Central Bank and the working language of the Asian trade group ASEAN In multilingual continental Europe a fierce battle over language popularity appears to be ending with English emerging as the standard for the 21st century The Germans have given up trying to persuade more British people to learn their language and instead are now promoting English as the language of the 21st centuryGermany s leading newspaper produces an eight page English edition and declares that English is going to be the lingua franca of the new century Switzerland has three official languages German French and Italian plus a fourth language spoken in one canton Romansh But Switzerland recently adopted English to be taught as the second language of choice rather than one of its official languages 英语是 21 世纪成为世界的语言 这是没有时间去阻止美国居民或移民学习英语 英语现在 是世界上第二个最广泛使用的语言 只有中国方言更多的人 英语是主要的选择 第二语言 非英语的人 英语是欧洲央行的官方语言和工作语言的亚洲贸易组织东盟 在欧洲大陆多语种 激烈的战斗在语言流行似乎结束用英语逐渐成为 21 世纪的标准 德国 人已经放弃了试图说服更多的英国人学习他们的语言 相反 现在 21 centuryGermany 促进 英语语言的主要报纸产生用词和英语版和声明 英语是新世纪的通用语 瑞士有三种官方语言 德语 法语 和意大利 加上第四个语言在一个广州 罗曼什语 但瑞士最 近采用英语作为第二语言教学的选择而不是其官方语言之一 Japanese companies have started to refine their ethics programs and internal control structures Some 55 of them have established a corporate code of conduct ethics guidelines compliance manuals and other such documents 37 have a department or division dedicated to ethics and compliance issues and 43 periodically hold ethics related training programs targeting employees A growing number of Japanese businesses have taken steps to reinforce oversight functions for example by engaging independent outside directors In 1997 Sony Corporation took the initiativeof cutting its executive board from 38 to 10 directors while introducing the new post of executive officers Other companies including Omron and Kobe Steel followed suit and by 2000 about 240 businesses had reportedly made similar 3 10 structuralreforms Even so the image of companies portrayed by the market and the general public remains far from ethical For example in a survey of students views of the Japanese business community conducted in autumn 2000 68 of the respondents agreed that Honest companies are not rewarded while dishonest companies are making profits 63 believed that There is hardly any information as to which companies are honest 84 believed that Penalties against scandals are too lenient and 62 agreed that many companies believe it s worth engaging in unlawful practices If this is the new generation s perception of reality it means that Japanese companies have little incentive to tackle ethical and compliance issues internally Certainly companies whose business performance has deteriorated as a result of scandals have made greater efforts to deal with ethical and compliance issues But such efforts are not long lasting if a company fears they will reduce its competitiveness 日本公司已经开始完善道德程序和内部控制结构 大约 55 的人建立了一个企业的行为准 则 道德准则 合规手册等文件 37 有一个部门或部门致力于道德和合规问题 针对员工和 43 定 期举行 ethics related 培训项目 越来越多的日本企业已经采取措施加强监督功能 例如通过独立的外部董事 1997 年 索尼 公司 initiativeof 削减执行董事会从 38 到 10 而引入的新职位的执行官 其他公司包括欧姆 龙和神户制钢公司紧随其后 据报道 到 2000 年约 240 企业已经做过类似 structuralreforms 即便如此 公司的形象描绘由市场和公众道德 例如 在一个调查学生的意见的日本商界 2000 年秋季进行 68 的受访者认为 诚实公司不是奖励而不诚实的公司盈利 63 的人认 为 几乎没有任何信息 哪些公司是诚实的 84 的人认为 处罚与丑闻是太宽大 62 认为 很多公司认为值得从事非法行为 如果这是新一代的感知的现实 这意味着日本企业没有 动力去解决伦理和内部合规问题 当然 公司的业务性能恶化由于丑闻在处理道德与合规问 题方面做出更多努力 但这些努力并不持久如果公司担心他们会降低其竞争力 Are you feeling really sad tired and worried most of the time Are these feelings lasting more than a few days If yes you may have depression Depression is a seriousmedical illness that involvesthe brain You may want to know why you feel depressed There may be several causes Depression may happen because of changesin your brain Depression runs in some families This means that someone in your family such as a grandparent parent aunt uncle cousin sister or brother may have depression Sometimes painful events or losses such as deaths can lead to depression Sometimes the cause of depression is not clear Don t wait Talk to your doctor about how you re feeling Get a medical checkup to rule out any other illnesses that might be causing signs of depression If you don t have a doctor check your local phone book Go to the government services pages and look for health clinics or community health centers Call one near you and ask for help There are two common types of treatment for depression medicine and talk therapy Ask your doctor which type is best for you Some people need both treatments to feel better 4 10 你真的难过 感觉累了 大部分时间和担心 这些感情持续超过几天吗 如果是 你可能是患了 抑郁症 抑郁症是一种 seriousmedical 疾病的大脑 你可能想知道为什么你感到 沮丧 可能有几个原因 一方面抑郁可能发生 因为你的大脑 抑郁症在一些家庭 这意味着你的家人如祖父母 父母 阿姨 叔叔 表弟 妹妹或弟弟可能是 患了抑郁症 有时痛苦的事件或损失如死亡会导致抑郁 有时抑郁症的原因还不清楚 不要等 跟你的医生谈谈你觉得怎么体检排除其他疾病可能导致抑郁症的迹象 如果你没 有一个医生 检查你的当地的电话簿 去政府服务页面和寻找 诊所 或 社区卫生中心 调用一个靠近你和寻求帮助 有两种类型的治疗抑郁症 医学和 谈话 治疗 询问你的医生 哪种类型最适合你 有些人需要治疗感觉更好 Jeans are popular with young people all over the world Some people say that jeans are the uniform of youth But they haven t always been so The sto ry of jeans started almost 200 years ago People in Genoa Italy used to make pants Th e cloth made in Genoa was called jeanos The pants were called jeans In 1850 a sal esman in California began selling pants made of canvas His name was Levi Strauss Be cause they were so strong Levi s pants became popular with gold miners farmers an d students Six years later Levi began making his pants with a blue cotton cloth called de nim Soon after factory workers in the United States and Asia began wearing jeans But young people usually didn t wear them In the 1950s two people helped to make jeans popular with teenagers Elvis Presley the king of rock and roll and James Dean a famous TV star Elvis wore tight jeans Most parents didn t like Elvis or his jeans But teenagers loved him and started to dress lik e him He was a hero to many young people During the 1960s rock and roll became even more popular Young people had more m oney their clothes showed their independence Some people decorated their jeans wi th colorful patches and designs In the 70s and 80s jeans became very expensive Jeans are so popular that Levis sol d over 10 billion pairs Almost anywhere in the world now young people like to wear jean s 牛仔裤很受年轻人欢迎世界各地 一些 有人说牛仔裤正青春的制服 但他们并不总是如此 牛仔裤的故事开始近 200 年前 意大 利的热那亚人 用来制作的裤子 布在热那亚被称为 jeanos 裤子被称为 牛仔 1850 年 一个推销员在加州开始销售裤子帆布做的 他的名字叫李维斯 因为他们是如此强烈 李 维斯的裤子 成为流行的金矿 农民和学生 六年后 利未开始用蓝色棉布称为牛仔裤子 不 久之后 美国和亚洲的工厂工人开始穿牛仔裤 但年轻人通常不穿 在 1950 年代 两人使牛仔裤受青少年欢迎 猫王 摇滚之王 和詹姆斯 迪恩 一个著名的电视明 星 猫王穿着紧身牛仔裤 大多数父母不喜欢猫王或他的牛仔裤 但是青少年 开始穿得像 他爱他 他是一个英雄 许多年轻人 在 1960 年代 摇滚乐成为更受欢迎 年轻人有更多的钱 他们的衣服显示他们的独立性 有些人装饰与色彩斑斓的补丁和设计的牛仔裤 5 10 在 70 年代和 80 年代 牛仔裤变得非常昂贵 牛仔裤是如此受欢迎 李维斯售出 100 亿双 现在几乎在世界任何地方 年轻人喜欢穿牛仔裤 翻译 翻译 Unit1 1 随着职务的提升 他担负的责任也更大了 take on With his promotion he has taken on greater responsibilities 2 他感到没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了 make a commitment He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more 3 闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物 与她相反 露茜却喜欢待在家里看书 as opposed to Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time as opposed to Lucy who prefers to stay at home reading 4 说得好听一些 可以说他有抱负 用最糟糕的话来说 他是一个没有良心 conscience 且没有资格的权力追求者 at best at worst At best he s ambitious and at worst a power seeker without conscience or qualifications 5 我们已尽全力想说服他 但是却毫无进展 strive make no headway We have striven to the full to convince him but we have made no headway Unit2 1 宪法规定公民享有言论自由 provide for The Constitution provides for citizen s freedom of speech 2 我们在如何养育孩子的问题上有截然不同的看法 因此常发生争吵 grow out of bring up Our constant quarrels grew out of the diverse ideas on how to bring up children 3 我们早在会阅读之前就已经掌握了一些词汇 long before We have learned some words long before we can read 4 很多中国家长认为孩子越早上学越好 the more the more Many Chinese parents think that the earlier children go to school the better 5 新税法不是要惩罚富人 而是要给穷人以公平和机会 rather The new tax law is not to punish the rich Rather it is to bring justice and opportunity to the poor Unit3 1 你应该及时掐掉凋谢的花朵 pluck off You should pluck off the dead flowers in time 2 我认为你所说的实在算不上一个答案 qualify as I don t think what you said really qualifies as an answer 3 我们的喊声在寂静的大街上回荡 echo Our shouts echoed through the silent streets 4 毫无疑问 他的成绩提高了 他又重新燃起了对学习的兴趣 revive 5 There is no doubt that his grades have improved and his interest in learning has revived 6 史密斯夫妇已经向离婚法院正式申请离婚 file for The Smiths have filed for divorce in the divorce court 6 10 Unit4 1 我爷爷虽然 70 岁了 但他的爱好广泛 从下国际象棋到爬山 多种多样 range from to My grandfather s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old 2 真奇怪 汤姆的奶奶都 80 岁了还玩玩具娃娃 surprisingly Surprisingly Tom s grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80 3 他大公无私的精神和天赋使他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作 qualify for His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dream to get 4 你如何解释他的那个怪梦 interpretation What interpretation would you put on his odd strange dream 5 我们老板刚买的新轿车一小时能行驶 200 公里 be capable of The brand new car our boss has just bought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour Unit5 1 产品广告中的说明必须符合产品的实际质量 conform to The explanation in the advertisement of the product must conform to its actual quality 2 新的见解有望为我们探索应对这种情况的新方法铺平道路 pave the way for New insights will hopefully pave the way for us to explore new ways of treating this condition 3 谚语来源于生活 是一个民族的语言和文化的浓缩和体现 derive from Answer Proverbs which derive from life are the condensation and embodiment of the language and culture of a nation 4 这段情感关系一直困扰着她 而且不见尽头 haunt Answer The emotional relationship has been haunting her with no end in sight 5 应当承认 很难判定这件独特商品的合适价格 discern Answer Admittedly the right price for this unique commodity is hard to discern Unit6 1 她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期 portray as She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery 2 试验表明 不抽烟的人比抽烟的人犯的错误要少 fewer than Experiments showed that nonsmokers committed fewer errors than smokers 3 足球迷经常受到人们的重视 不是因为他们自身的成功 而是因为他们支持的球队获 得了胜利 not but Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement but through their connection to a team that wins 4 尽 管 演 员 7 10 的 演 技 高 超 这