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1 TimeandMotionStudy RebeccaJohnstonOperationsManagementDr Foster 天马行空官方博客 2 TimeandMotionStudy Defined Amethodcreatedtodeterminethe correcttime ittakestocompleteacertaintaskAmethodtoestablish theonebestwaytoperformatask 天马行空官方博客 3 TimeandMotionStudy Purposes Toend goofingoff andtoestablishwhatconstitutedafairdaysworkTomakesurethatthejobbeingevaluateddoesnotincludeanyunnecessarymotionbytheworker 4 TimeandMotionStudy History FrederickW TaylorandhisfollowersdevelopedandrefinedtheTimeStudyFrankB GilbrethandhiswifeLilliandevelopedandrefinedtheMotionStudyHistoricallythetwostudiesarediscussedindividually todaytheygenerallyarediscussedasone 5 TimeandMotionStudy InyourOrganization Historically T MStudieswereusedinthemanufacturingindustrytoevolvepayscaleswiththethoughtthatmoneywastheonlymotivationforwork 6 TimeandMotionStudy InyourOrganizationcont d Today T MStudiescanbeeffectiveforperformanceevaluationsT MStudiescanbeusedforplanningpurposesinordertopredictthelevelofoutputthatmaybeachievedT MStudiescanbeusedtouncoverproblemsandcreatesolutionsT MStudiescanbeusedfortimecostanalysis 7 TimeandMotionStudy Objective TheobjectiveoftheTimeandMotionStudyistodeterminea normal oraveragetimeforajob byusingobserverstorecordexactlyhowmuchtimeisbeingdevotedtoeachtask 8 HowitWorksStep by Step 1 Establishthestandardjobmethod 2 Breakdownthejobintoelements3 Studythejob 4 Ratetheworker sperformance 9 HowitWorksStep by Stepcont d 5 Computetheaveragetime6 ComputethenormaltimeNt t RF orNormalTime elementalaveragetime ratingfactor 7 ComputethestandardtimeST Nt 1 AF orStandardTime Normalcycletime 1 Allowancefactor 10 TimeandMotionStudy InAction Howdomedicalresidentsspendtheirtimeatthehospital 11 InActioncont d 1 Coders observerstrainingwasthe2 Activitieswerebrokendownintoseparatecategories 67intotal3 Theexactnumberofminutespertaskweredetermined4 Percentagesoftimedevotedtoeachtaskwerecalculated 12 InActioncont d Atotalof13 383minutesofactivitieswereobservedbetweenthe8residentsResidentswereinvolvedin1 726codedactivitiesTheseactivitiesaveraged7 75minuteseachwithastandarddeviationof14 5minutes 13 TimeandMotionStudy Exercise Computethestandardtimeforthisjobusinganallowancefactorof20percent 14 Solution Usetheformula t RF NtElement1 251 1 10 2761Element2 529 1 15 6084Andsoonforelement3and4 TogetthenormalcycletimeyousumtheNtvalues Here 1 73min 15 Solution Tocomputethestandardtimeusethe20percentallowancefactorNt 1 AF STHere1 73 1 20 2 08Sothestandardtimeforeachelementofthisjobis2 08minutes 16 TimeandMotionStudy Problems ObserversarenotalwayscompetentThoseconductingthestudyarenotalwaysproficientinthejobbeingobservedTheactionsobservedarenotalwaysreflectiveofthegroupasawhole 17 TimeandMotionStudy Problemscont d Workersmaynotcooperatewithatimeandmotionstudy TheymayresentthestudyifitisbeingusedtodeterminethepayscaleWorkersmaychangetherateatwhichtheyworkPressuremayincreasemistakesmadeWorkersmayalternormalworkmethodstodisruptthestudy 18 References Ferguson DavidS Don tCallit timeandmotionstudy IITSolutions Norcross May1997 Vol 29 Issue5 Finkler StevenA AComparisonofwork samplingandtime and motiontechniquesforstudiesinhealthservicesresearch HealthServiceResearch Chicago Dec1993 Vol 28 Issue5 Koehler KennethG TimeCostAnalysis CMA Hamilton May1992 Vol 66 Issue4 Russell Roberta Taylor BernardW OperationsManagement PrenticeHallInc UpperSaddleRiver NJ 2000 Stevens Larry TimeStudyPromptsNewHREfficiencies Person
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