新世纪大学英语综合教程4ppt unit2ppt课件.ppt

ReadandExplore Unit2ManandTechnology GetStarted ListenandRespond OptionalClassroomActivities EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness Workinpairsorgroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions Whatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlifewiththeadvancementoftechnology Doyouthinktechnologymakesyourlifeeasier Couldyougivesomeexamples Istheadvancementoftechnologyalwaysagoodthing GetStarted discussion Quotes1 Studythefollowingquotesaboutmanandtechnologyanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem Quotes1 Thesaddestaspectofliferightnowisthatsciencegathersknowledgefasterthansocietygatherswisdom IsaacAsimov Interpretation Thisquotetellsusthatknowledgeisnotwisdom Knowledgealonedoesnotnecessarilymakeuswiser Althoughsciencehasbroughtaboutarapidgrowthinknowledge today ssocietyhasnotwitnessedanycorrespondingincreaseinwisdom Andwhatweareindesperateneedoftodayiswisdomratherthanscientificknowledge forknowledgehelpsusmakealivingwhilewisdomhelpsusmakealife ClickPicture Quotes2 Educationmakesmachineswhichactlikemenandproducesmenwhoactlikemachines ErichFromm Interpretation Thisquotequestionstherigidityoftheformaleducationalsystems Machinesareoftenconsideredasbeingcontrolledbyothersandhavenoindividualthoughts Thisquoteindicatesthattheformaleducationalsystemcontrolsthedevelopmentofstudentsandwashesawaytheindividualcreativity ClickPicture quotes Interpretation AccordingtoMarx undercapitalism overproductionleadstoeconomiccrisesandunemployment Theproductionoftoomanyusefulthingsresultsintoomanyuselesspeople KarlMarx ClickPicture quotes Interpretation Advancesinscienceandtechnologyhavegivenbirthtomanythingsonceonlydreamedof Itisdifficulttosaywhatisimpossible forthedreamsofyesterdayarethehopesoftoday andtherealitiesoftomorrow RobertH Goddard ClickPicture Inceptionisa2010sciencefictionthrillerfilmwritten co produced anddirectedbyChristopherNolan LeonardoDiCaprioplaysDomCobb aprofessionalthiefwhocommitscorporateespionage 商业间谍 byinfiltrating 潜入 thesubconsciousofhistargets Heisassignedataskconsideredtobeimpossible inception theimplantationofanotherperson sideaintoatarget ssubconscious Watchthefollowingvideoclip Inception andthencompletethetasksthatfollow clickhere Clickhere video Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip Youcreatetheworldofthedream You llbringthesubject andthentheyfeelitintheirsubconscious Howcouldyouenoughdetailtomakehimthinkthat sreality Ourdreams Wewhilewe reinthem It sonlywhenwethatwerealizesomethingactuallystrange MayIaskyouaquestion Youneverreallyrememberthebeginningofyourdreams doyou Youalwaysrightinthemiddleofwhat sgoingon intothatdream everrequire feelreal wakeup windup video clickhere Clickhere video Discussthetopicwithyourgroupmembers Areyouafraidthattechnologymaydestroyhumancivilization Shareyouropinionwithyourpeers Open Clickhere evolvev developgraduallybyalongcontinuousprocess 使 演变 使 进化shuttle n aspacecraftthatcanbeusedmorethanonce航天飞机prolong vt makelonger lengthen延长 拉长 拖长 ListenandRespond WordBank Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage L R2 L R2 Whatisthemainideaofthepassage A Therapidchangingworldwelivein B TheimportantroletheInternetplaysinourlife C Theimportantroletechnologyplaysinourlife D Theimportantrolemoderntransportationplaysinourlife L R2 2 WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheInternet Itprovidesuswiththequickestmeansforcommunication B Itprovidesuswiththequickestmeanstocollectinformation C Itprovidesuswiththequickestmeanstotalktoeachother D Itprovidesuswithmodernmeansoftransportation L R2 3 Whyisthejourneytotheouterspacenotadreamanymore A Becausepeoplecangoanywherenow B Becausepeoplecantraveltotheouterspacebyairplanenow C Becausethemodernmeansoftransportationmakesthejourneysmoother D Becausepeoplecantraveltotheouterspacebyrocketsandspaceshuttles L R2 4 Howdoestechnologyhelpprolongourlife Patientscangoanywheretoseekmodernmedicine B Withmodernmedicine peoplewithcancerdonotsufferfromthepain C Withmodernmedicine peoplewithAIDsdonotsufferfromthepain D Withmodernmedicine somedeadlydiseasescanbetreatednow L R2 5 Howdoestechnologyexpandourvisionoftheworld Itgivesusideasthatneveroccurredtousinthepast B Itmakesourlifeeasierandmoreconvenient C Ithelpsusspreadourideasmorequickly D Itbringsusmoreadvancedproducts L R3 Listentotherecordingagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard L R3 Firstly technologyshortensthedistancebetweenpeopleandmakes1 mucheasier Today theInternetiswidelyusednotonlyforthe2 ofinformationbutalsoforcorrespondence communication collection L R3 Secondly modernmeansof3 suchasairplanesandhigh speedtrainsmakeourjourney4 andfaster Withthehelpofmoderntransportation wecangoalmostanywherewewantto Tojourneyinto5 spaceisnotadreamanymore Rocketsandspace6 havemadethedreamcometrue smoother outer shuttles transportation L R3 Thirdly modernmedicineprolongsourlifeand7 patientsfrompain Somedeadly8 suchascancerandAIDscanbetreatednow andwecanlivelongerandbetter Lastbutnotleast technologyexpandsour9 oftheworld Itprovidesuswithlarger10 bygivingusideasthatneveroccurredtousinthepast diseases vision relieves possibilities DidmaterialandtechnologicaladvancesmakeAmericanshappieraccordingtothesurvey 2 WhatistherelationshipbetweenmoneyandhappinessaccordingtoEasterlin 3 Howdoestechnologyaffecthumanrelationshipsaccordingtotheauthor 4 Inwhichfielddoestechnologyhavethemostimportantimpactonpeople ssenseofwell beingaccordingtotheauthor 5 Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftherelationshipbetweentechnologyandhappiness MainIdea Exercise1 AnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationcontainedinTextA L R3 Exercise2 TextAcanbedividedintofivePartswiththeparagraphnumber s ofeachpartprovidedasfollows Writedownthemainideaofeachpart MainIdea Materialandtechnologicaladvancesdonotreallybringhappinesstopeopleinthedevelopedcountries ThoughAmericansnowarewealthierthantheywereinthemiddleofthelastcentury theyarenothappierthantheyusedtobe Technologyandhappinessarenotnecessarilycloselycorrelatedbecausepeopleadapttotechnologicalprogresstooquickly Thecurrentcommentsontechnologyhavemostlycenteredonthebadeffectsoftechnologyonhumanrelationshipsratherthanparticular harmfultechnologies MainIdea Themostimportantimpactoftechnologyonpeople ssenseofwell beingisinthefieldofhealthcare Peopleingeneralclaimthatonadeeperlevel technologycannotbringhappinesstothem whichisjustcontradictorytothefactthatithasgreatlyimprovedpeople shealthandlifeexpectancy Inthepresentera allofusareenthusiasticallypursuingtechnologicaladvancementandtakeitforgrantedthatthedevelopmentoftechnologywillmakeushappier However littleevidencecanbefoundtoprovethecorrelationbetweentechnologyandhappinessoncematerialandtechnologicaladvancesreachacertainlevel Thetextbelowmayprovideyouwithsomeinsightsintothisissue In Depth In Depth 1Inthe20thcentury Americans Europeans andEastAsiansenjoyedmaterialandtechnologicaladvancesthatwereunimaginableinpreviouseras IntheUnitedStates forinstance grossdomesticproductpercapitatripledfrom1950to2000 Lifeexpectancysoared TheboominproductivityafterWorldWarIImadegoodsbetterandcheaperatthesametime Thingsthatwereonceluxuries suchas TechnologyandHappinessJamesSurowiecki jettravelandlong distancephonecalls becamenecessities AndeventhoughAmericansseemedtoworkextraordinarilyhard theirpursuitofentertainmentturnedmediaandleisureintomultibillion dollarindustries In Depth 2Bymoststandards then youwouldhavetosaythatAmericansarebetteroffnowthantheywereinthemiddleofthelastcentury Oddly though ifyouaskAmericanshowhappytheyare you llfindthattheyarenohappierthantheywerein1946 whichiswhenformalsurveysofhappinessstarted Infact thepercentageofpeoplewhosaytheyare very happy hasfallenslightlysincetheearly1970s eventhoughtheincomeofpeoplebornin1940has onaverage increasedby116percentoverthecourseoftheirworkinglives Youcanfindsimilardataformostdevelopedcountries In Depth 3TherelationshipbetweenhappinessandtechnologyhasbeenaneternalsubjectforsocialcriticsandphilosopherssincetheadventoftheIndustrialRevolution Butit sbeenleftlargelyunexaminedbyeconomistsandsocialscientists Thetrulygroundbreakingworkontherelationshipbetweenprosperityandwell beingwasdonebytheeconomistRichardEasterlin whoin1974wroteafamouspaperentitled DoesEconomicGrowthImprovetheHumanLot Easterlinshowedthatwhenitcametodevelopedcountries therewasnorealcorrelationbetweenanation sincomelevelanditscitizens happiness Money Easterlinargued couldnotbuyhappiness atleastnotafteracertainpoint Easterlinshowedthatthoughpovertywasstronglycorrelatedwithmisery onceacountrywassolidlymiddle class gettingwealthierdidnotseemtomakeitscitizensanyhappier In Depth 4Thisseemstobeclosetoauniversalphenomenon Infact oneofhappinessscholars mostimportantinsightsisthatpeopleadaptveryquicklytogoodnews Takelotterywinnersforexample Onefamousstudyshowedthatalthoughwinnerswerevery veryhappywhentheywon theirextremeexcitementquicklyevaporated andafterawhiletheirmoodsandsenseofwell beingwereindistinguishablefromwhattheyhadbeenbeforethevictory In Depth So too withtechnology nomatterhowdramaticanewinnovationis nomatterhowmucheasieritmakesourlives itisveryeasytotakeitforgranted Youcanseethisprincipleatworkintheworldoftechnologyeveryday asthingsthatonceseemedmiraculoussoonbecomecommonand worse frustratingwhentheydon tworkperfectly It shard itturnsout tokeepinmindwhatthingswerelikebeforethenewtechnologycamealong 5 In Depth 6Doesourfastassimilationoftechnologicalprogressmean then thattechnologymakesnodifference No Itjustmakesthequestionoftechnology simpact forgoodorill morecomplicated Let sstartwiththedownside Therearecertainwaysinwhichtechnologymakeslifeobviouslyworse Telemarketing trafficjams andidentitytheftallcometomind Theseareallphenomenathatmakepeopleconsciouslyunhappy Butforthemostpart moderncritiquesoftechnologyhavefocusednotsomuchonspecific badtechnologiesasontheimpactoftechnologyonourhumanrelationships In Depth 7Privacyhasbecomeincreasinglyfragileinaworldoflinkeddatabases Inmanyworkplaces technologieslikekeystrokemonitoringandfullrecordingsofphonecallsmakeiteasiertowatchworkers Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsandfracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackon television SomeevensaythatTVischieflyresponsibleforthegradualisolationofAmericansfromeachother Similarly someothersstresstheharmfuleffectsoftheInternet whichsupposedlyfurtherisolatespeoplefromwhatisoftencalled therealworld In Depth 8Thisbroadcriticismoftechnology simpactonrelationshipsisaninterestingoneandisespeciallyrelevanttothequestionofhappiness becauseoneofthefewthingswecansayforcertainisthatthemorefriendsandthecloserrelationshipspeoplehave thehappiertheytendtobe 9Today technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere sgoingtobeabetter fasterversionoftheproduct andthatyou regoingtobestuckwiththeoldone Someoneelse inotherwords hasitbetter It sasifdisappointmentwerebuiltintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning In Depth 10Dailystress anannoyingsenseofdisappointment fearthatthegovernmentknowsalotmoreaboutyouthanyouwouldlikeitto theseareobviouslysomeofthewaysinwhichtechnologyreducespeople ssenseofwell being Butthemostimportantimpactoftechnologyonpeople ssenseofwell beingisinthefieldofhealthcare BeforetheIndustrialRevolution twooutofeverythreeEuropeansdiedbeforetheageof30 Today lifeexpectancyforwomeninWesternEuropeisalmost80years anditcontinuestoincrease Thepointisobvious thevastmajorityofpeoplearehappytobealive andthemoretimetheygetonearth thebetterofftheyfeelthey llbe But In Depth untilveryrecently lifeforthevastmajorityofpeoplewasnasty rough andshort Technologyhaschangedthat atleastforpeopleintherichworld Asmuchasweshouldworryabouttherisingcostofhealthcareandtheproblemoftheuninsured it salsoworthrememberinghowvaluableforourspiritsaswellasourbodiesarethebenefitsthatmedicaltechnologyhasbroughtus In Depth 11Onadeeperlevel whatthetechnologicalimprovementofourhealthandourlongevityemphasizesisaparadoxofanydiscussionofhappinessonanationaloragloballevel eventhoughpeoplemaynotbehappier eventhoughtheyarewealthierandpossessmoretechnology they restillashungryaseverformoretime It slikethatoldjoke thefoodmaynotbesogreat butwewanttheportionstobeasbigaspossible Television voicing InTextA theauthorstressesthelackofcorrelationbetweentechnologyandhappiness Whatisyouropinion Nowworkinpairsorgroupsanddiscusswhethertheuseofthefollowingfourtechnologicalinventionsmakesyouhappier Open CellPhone Computer WashingMachine KeyWords B KeyWords B 1 Thedefendersoftechnologyareasmanyastheopponentsofit Para 1 2 Paraphrasethesentence Thereareasmanypeoplewhoarefortechnologyasthosewhoareagainstit 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 捍卫技术的人和反对技术的人数旗鼓相当 Sentences 2 nobodycanneglectthefactthatourlivingconditionshavebeenimprovedduetotechnology Para 2 2 Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure Nobodycanneglectthefactthatchildhoodexperiencesshapeone scharactertoagreatextent 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 谁也不能反驳下面的事实 由于技术 我们的生活条件得到了改善 Sentences 3 Buttheothersideofthecoinhasbecomealreadyvisible Para 3 2 Paraphrasethesentence Buttheothersideofthesituationhasalreadyemergedandbeennoticedbypeople 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 但是 事情的另一面也已经显现出来 Sentences 4 ThiscanbeseenifonelooksatthepossibilitiesofsurgeryintechnologicallydevelopedcountrieslikeAmericaascomparedtocountrieswhichdonothavethisadvantage Para 5 2 Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 看一下在像美国这样技术发达的国家采用外科手术的种种可能性便清楚了 相比之下 有些国家是没有这种优势的 Sentences Myhandwritingisgood butitispoorascomparedtomyfather s Para 1 Comprehension Para 2 Comprehension Para 3 Comprehension Whatistheconsequenceofdoctors beingusedto translating everypieceofdatatonumbers Paras 4 5 Comprehension Para 6 Comprehension Para 7 Comprehension Paras 8 9 Comprehension Situation Youareanalien 外星人 fromanundevelopedplanetandcometotheearthbychance whereyoumeetagroupofcollegestudents Surprisedbythetechnologicalproductsyoucomeacross youaskthosecollegestudentstoexplaintoyousomeofthem suchaslightbulbs cellphones cameras cars computers etc Open Optional Workingroupsandprepareaminidramaofabout10minutes Eachgroupneedstoworkouttheendingfirst Ending Optional Useful UsefulExpressions UsefulExpressionsfromTextA ChineseEquivalences turnone seyesaway bymoststandards 根据大多数标准 beleftlargelyunexamined whenitcomesto auniversalphenomenon takeitforgranted keepinmind inotherwords 基本上没有受到关注 当谈到 一种普遍现象 认为理所当然 牢记在心 换句话说 onadeeperlevel 从更深的层次上说 Useful UsefulExpressions UsefulExpressionsfromTextA ChineseEquivalences turnone seyesaway a hot issue 一个 热门 话题 theoppositepointofview theothersideofthecoin makemattersclearer ascomparedto onone sown feelmorelike 对立的观点 事情的另一面 使问题更清楚 相比之下 独立地 感觉更像 fighthandtohand 手对手地交战 StudythefollowingsentencesfromTextA payingspecialattentiontotheuseoftheadverbialclauseofconcession Thendothefollowingtwotasks Grammar Grammar 1 eventhoughAmericansseemedtoworkextraordinarilyhard theirpursuitofentertainmentturnedmediaandleisureintomultibillion dollarindustries Para 1 2 thepercentageofpeoplewhosaytheyare veryhappy hasfallenslightlysincetheearly1970s eventhoughtheincomeofpeoplebornin1940has onaverage increasedby116percent Para 2 3 thoughpovertywasstronglycorrelatedwithmisery gettingwealthierdidnotseemtomakeitscitizensanyhappier Para 3 4 althoughwinnerswerevery veryhappywhentheywon theirextremeexcitementquicklyevaporated Para 4 Grammar 让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些 though although while as evenif eventhough whether or nomatter 疑问词 疑问词 ever regardlessof 名词 名词短语 名词从句 despite inspiteof 1 though although表示 虽然 纵然 之意 这两个连词意思大致相同 在一般情况下可以互换使用 在口语中 though较常使用 although比though正式 二者都可与yet still或never theless连用 但不能与but连用 例如 IwillremainfirmthoughImustlowermyphysicalsights ThoughIbelieveit yetImustconsider Although Thoughhewasexhausted still hekeptonworking Although Thoughheisveryold yet heisquitestrong 值得注意的是 although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多 though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后 例如 Shepassedtheexaminationthoughshehadnotstudiedveryhard Grammar 2 as though表示 虽然 但是 纵使 as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现 被倒装的部分可以是表语 状语或动词原形 though也可用于这样的结构中 但although不可以这样用 例如 Objectasyoumay I llgo Though Althoughyoumayobject I llgo Hardas thoughheworks hemakeslittleprogress Thoughheworkshard hemakeslittleprogress Childas thoughhewas heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo Thoughhewasachild heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo Fastasyouread youcan tfinishthebooksosoon Smallasatomsare theyaremadeupofstillsmallerunits Grammar Grammar 3 nomatter 疑问词 疑问词 ever含义为 都 不管 都 它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换 例如 Nomatterwhathappened hewouldnotmind Whateverhappened hewouldnotmind Nomatterwhoyouare youmustkeepthelaw Whoeveryouare youmustkeepthelaw Whenanyonedoessomethingforyou nomatterhowsmallandnomatterwhetherhe sasuperiororaservant it spropertosay Thankyou Grammar 4 while有时while也可以引导让步状语从句 但一般要位于句首 例如 WhileIlikethecolor Idon tliketheshape 5 whether or 表示 不论是否 不管是 还是 之意 例如 Whetheryoubelieveitornot it strue 不管你信不信 这是真的 Grammar 6 howeverhowever用作副词 不可连接句子 但可置于第二句的句首 句末或句中 要特别注意标点的使用 例如 Aliceisagoodstudent However shehasoneshortcoming Hehasnotarrived Hemay however comelater Thecompositionisallright Thereisroomforimprovement however 7 表示让步的介词短语有despite inspiteof 后接名词 例如 Despiteallthesefacts wecannotignoretheadvantagesoflearningthroughinternet Grammar Now dothetasksonPages50 51inyourtextbook 1 abriefdescriptionoftheinvention2 thepositiveimpactoftheinventiononpeople slife3 thenegativeimpactoftheinventiononpeople slife4 youropinion Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsaboutatechnologicalinvention Yourwritingshouldcoverthefollowingpoints TheImpactoftheMobilePhoneonPeople sLivesAmongthemanytechnologicalinventions themobilephoneimpressesmemost Themobilephonebringsconsiderableconveniencetoourlives Itnotonlyenablesustokeepintouchwitheachotheralmostanytimeandanywherebutalsohelpsussolveproblemsordobusinessefficiently Inemergencies amobilephonecanevenbealife saver Besides itsmulti functionsaddeaseandcolortoourlives Witha writing SampleWriting writing mobilephone wecanreceivemail readnews listentomusic playgames andtakepictures Yet themobilephonehasitsdisadvantages too Mostofushaveexperiencedthenuisanceofunwantedorwrongcalls Weareinconveniencedbycallsonoccasionswhenweleastexpectone B