高一语法复习难点突破

难点突破 1 主谓一致的考查主要体现在单项选择和短文改错两个题型中 同学们在练习和应试时 遇到这样的题时 要牢记主谓一致的三个基本原则 一定要根据句子内容抓住关键的主语 部分 同时还要考虑句子的时态和语态 2 one of 复数名词做定语从句的先行词时 定语从句中的谓语动词与复数名词一致 the only one of 复数名词做定语从句的先行词时 定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式 例句 Jim was one of the boys who were late for class Jim was the only one of the boys who was late for class 典型例题 例 1 E mail as well as telephones an important part in daily communication A is playing B have played C are playing D play 分析 带有 as well as 短语的名词做主语时 谓语动词与这个名词的人称和数一致 不受 as well as 短语内容的影响 E mail 是单数形式 故选择 A 例 2 Either John or his friends to blame for the bad results A are B is C was D has been 分析 either or 连接两个名词做主语时 其谓语动词与离它最近的名词的数和人称一致 本题中 his friends 决定了谓语动词的形式 故选择 A 例 3 The conductor and composer by a crowd of people A are greeted B is greeted C greets D have been greeted 分析 根据句意 主语部分的 The conductor and composer 是指一个人即 乐队指挥兼作曲 家 所以主语的内容是单数形式 故选择 B 例 4 The trousers you well madam But the colour me A fit don t suit B fits doesn t suit C fits don t suit D fit doesn t suit 分析 trousers clothes glasses 等名词本身就是复数形式 谓语动词用复数形式 Colour 是 单数 谓语用单数 故选择 D 例 5 The Smith s family which rather a large one very fond of their old house A were were B was were C were was D was was 分析 family 指 家庭 为单数 指 家庭成员 为复数形式 第一空格前的 which 指 家庭 谓语用 was 第二空格后的 fond of 指 家庭成员喜欢他们的老房子 谓语为 were 故选择 B 例 6 He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years A is B are C have been D has been 分析 当定语从句先行词是 one of 复数形式 时 其后的从句谓语动词用复数形式 而当 one 之前有 the only 时 定语从句则强调 the only one 谓语动词用单数 另外 题目 中的时间状语 for three years 表明从句的时态为现在完成时 故选择 D 例 7 Three fifths of the police in the school near the town A has trained B have trained C has been trained D have been trained 分析 分数 名词做主语时 谓语动词的形式由分数所指的名词的形式 可数名词或不可 数名词 决定 police 是集合名词为复数形式 根据句子意思 police 与 train 为被动关系 应用被动语态 故选择 D 短文改错片段 1 Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library 分析 本句中主语 Now my picture and the prize 是复数形式 谓语动词 is 应改为 are 2 Sometimes we talked to each other very well in class but after class we become stranger at once 分析 本句第一行 根据全篇内容的语境 应当是一般现在时 所以谓语动词 talked 改为 talk 第二行 根据句意 我们下课后立刻又成了陌生人 Stranger 应当与主语 we 一致 改 为复数形式 strangers 3 But not all information are good to society 分析 主语 information 是不可数名词 are 应改为 is 模拟试题 1 Is there anybody in the classroom No the teacher together with the students to the playground A go B went C has gone D have gone 2 Are these your sheep No Mine on grass at the foot of the hill A are feeding B feed C is fed D is feeding 3 Sitting at the back of the room but in front of some old men and women a very shy girl with two bright eyes A was B are C were D there was 4 Mr Bush together with his wife and daughter going to Japan next week A are B is C will be D would be 5 Not the teacher but the students excited A is B has C are D have 6 As I have a meeting at four ten minutes all that I can spare to talk with you A are B was C is D were 7 of the land in that district covered with trees and grass A Two fifth is B Two fifths are C Two fifth are D Two fifths is 试题答案 1 C 分析 本题考查的主谓一致的内容与上一题相同 从句子的语境判断 应当用现在完成时 2 A 分析 mine 指 my sheep 为复数形式 是主动语态 3 A 分析 本句为倒装句 主语是 a very shy girl with two bright eyes 核心主语是 a very shy girl 为单数 全句为过去时 4 B 分析 全句的核心主语是 Mr Bush 为单数 全句为将来时 5 C 分析 运用就近原则 谓语动词和主语 the students 一致 此处为主系表结构 用 be 动词 6 C 分析 主语 ten minutes 表示时间 被视为一个整体 为单数形式 全句是现在时 7 D 分析 本句核心主语是 land 为单数形式 同时注意分数的表达形式 1 I wonder why they are late They the train A could miss B might miss C must have missed D can t have missed 2 He the examination he wasn t careful enough A would pass because B could have passed if C should have passed but D had passed so 3 Without his help we such rapid progress A didn t make B don t make C would not make D would not have made 4 There was a lot of fun at yesterday s party You come but why didn t you A must have B ought to have C should D need have 5 We the manager but no one his telephone number A could have called knew B could call had known C could have called had known D could call knew 参考答案 1 C 肯定是没赶上火车 2 C 本应该考过 但不够心细 3 D 根据句意 可知是发生的事情 因此选择情态动词 完成式 4 B 本应该来 实际没来 5 A 本应该打个电话 但是没人知道号码 1 Put on more clothes You be feeling cold with only a shirt on A can B could C must D would 2 Must I drive to his house and pick up the children No A you shouldn t B you might not C you needn t D you mustn t 3 We didn t see Tom at the meeting yesterday He it A mustn t have attended B cannot have attended C needn t have attended D would have not attended 4 We play chess than bridge Some of us don t know how to play bridge A had better B would better C would rather D had rather 5 There is someone knocking at the door it be Tom A can B must C should D ought to 6 Two year ago my husband bought me a bicycle If you live in town it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking A must not B may not C should not D don t have to Ccbaad 巩固练习 巩固练习 1 We should think carefully about Mr Needham said at the meeting A that B what C which D 2 you have seen things like these before doesn t matter A If B Whether C What D When 3 She took it for granted I d be back home an hour ago A that B whether C if D when 4 At that time I had no idea I could hand it to him without being seen A if B how C which D that how 5 Last Sunday he promised today but he hasn t appeared yet A that he would come B that he will come C he will come to see me D whether he would come 6 What a pity is you didn t arrive by daylight A there because B it that C he when D that for 7 Father made a promise I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary A that B if C whether D that if 8 is the most useful invention A Do you think which of these B Which of these do you think C Which of these you think D You think which of these 9 I believe you ve done your best and things will improve Thank you A that B C what that D that 10 It depends on we have enough time A if B if or not C that D whether 11 You will realize breaks the law will be punished A that those who B that those that C whoever D those whoever 12 I don t doubt he will come A that B if C what D whether 13 When and why he came here yet A is not known B are not known C has not known D have not been known 14 The city is no longer A what it is B that it used to be C which it was D what it used to be 15 was the idea the wife thought of A What that B That what C How why D Why how 16 One of the men held the view the book said was right A what that B that