英语六级阅读练习题

南方学习网英语部 六级阅读练习题精选六级阅读练习题精选 Passage One In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train One of the looters Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan suddenly notices the camera and snatches it Am I in this he asks before smashing it open To the dismayed reporter Lawrence explains He thinks these things will steal his virtue He thinks you re a kind of thief As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic The ignorant natives may have had a point When photography first became available scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers exaggerated accounts But in some ways anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back Up into the 1950s and 1960s many ethnographers sought pure pictures of primitive cultures routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress They paid men and women to re enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties often with little regard for veracity Edward Curtis the legendary photographer of North American Indians for example got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915 even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated primitive and unchanging For instance National Geographic magazine s photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don t challenge white middle class American conventions While dark skinned women can be shown without tops for example white women s breasts are taboo Photos that could unsettle or disturb such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine are discarded in favor of those that reassure to conform with the society s stated pledge to present only kindly visions of foreign societies The result Lutz and Collins say is the depiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot She read the magazine as a child and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career She just thinks that as people 南方学习网英语部 look at the photographs of other cultures they should be alert to the choice of composition and images 1 The main idea of the passage is A Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values B There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples C Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales D Anthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures compromising the truthfulness of their pictures 2 We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often A took pictures with the natives B gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands C ask for pictures from the natives D gave the natives clocks and Western dresses 3 The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to A show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners B illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues C show how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people D show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people 4 But in some ways anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back In this sentence the one culture that stares back refers to A the indigenous culture B the Western culture C the academic culture D the news business culture 5 With which of the following statements would Catherine Lutz most probably agree A Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenous societies B The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture C The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies 南方学习网英语部 D People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well established white middle class values 答案及解析答案及解析 1 答案是 A 解析 本文的主题是 西方的媒体 为了迎合西方读者猎奇的心 理 同时 为了不与西方读者的中产阶级价值观发生冲突 在他们拍摄的照片中 并不是 真正客观公正地反映经济发展水平较为落后的社会中人们的生活 他们经常有意删除照片 中反映西方文明烙印的成分 甚至摆布照片中的主人公 以描绘出一个西方读者想象中的 经济不发达的 有异域风情的 没有痛苦和阶级斗争的经济落后社会的画面 他们甚至避 免刊登那些反映饥荒 战争 灾害的照片 以满足西方媒体 只刊登外国社会美好一面的 照片 的默契 2 答案是 B 解析 文章第二段说 When photography first became available scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers exaggerated accounts 可见早期到原始社会旅行回来的人往往对当地的情况夸大其词 在照 相机发明之后 科学家能更好地客观反映那些远方地区的真实情况 3 答案是 B 解析 文章的第一段介绍的是著名的 1962 年获得 7 项奥斯卡大奖的电影 阿 拉伯的劳伦斯 导演 DAVID LEAN 中的一个片段 该电影本来与作者要讲的题目并 无直接关系 作者仅仅通过一个电影中描述的场景来说明一个论点 那就是比较原始 开 化较晚的社会 那里的人们对现代的文明 和从没见过的现代文明的产物容易产生误解 电影中的土著抢走了 LAWRENCE 的照相机 因为他怀疑 那从未见过的玩意儿会偷走他 的 美好品德 VIRTUE 但是 作者在下文说 那些土著居民的担心并非全无道理 因为西方的记者和学者们 为了描绘一个西方人心目中固有的土著社会 或者经济发展欠 发达社会 的形象 故意篡改照片 满足西方读者的好奇心 并且有意迎合西方中产阶级 的趣味 在短文中 作者有时候并不开宗明义 直奔主题 而是利用人们都熟悉的文化元 素 例如诗歌 书籍 电影 歌曲等 引起读者对其讨论话题的兴趣 然后再引入主题 并不是每一篇文章都会开门见山 读者不应该把每篇文章的首尾句都当成对文章大意的总 结 4 答案是 A 解析 But in some ways anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back 本句是文章切入主题的重点句 考生 应该格外注意在阅读文章靠前部分出现的 以转折词 例如 HOWEVER BUT NEVERTHELESS NONETHELESS 等 开头的句子 那往往是作者叙述传统论点 或者普遍看法的关键地方 本句可以理解为 但是 在某些方面 人类学家拍摄的照片展 南方学习网英语部 现的与其说是那个盯视着照相机的 被拍摄的 文化 不如说是反映了拿着照相机的 西 方 文化 作者暗示 照片反映了西方摄影者的偏见和对落后文化固有的看法 反映的是 西方的价值观 并不是完全真实客观的那些不发达社会的写照 这句话基本上是对文章中 心意思的总结 如果对文章的主题有大致的认识 就不会将本题选错 5 答案是 C 解析 Catherine Lutz 是文章中提到的 1993 年出版的 READING NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC 的作者之一 她们在书中写道 国家地理 杂志自从 1888 年创刊以来 就一直刊登那些不和美国中产阶级白人的价值观发生冲突的照片 照片中可以表现袒露胸 部的黑色皮肤的妇女 但是白人妇女的胸部就是禁止刊登的对象 她们认为 这样做的后 果就是 在那些西方主流杂志中展现的 似乎是相对而言没有痛苦的 也不存在阶级斗争 的社会 因此答案 C The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies 西方媒体并没有展现落后地区的真实画面 最能表现该作者的观点 Notes 生词注释 snap v 按动快门 loot v 掠夺 抢劫 sabotage v n 从事 破坏活动 indigenous adj 本土的 exaggerated adj 夸张的 anthropological adj 人类学的 ethnographer n 民族志学者 人种学者 accoutrement n 穿着 配备 enact v 本文 扮演 ritual n 典礼 宗教 仪式 礼节 veracity n 真实性 legendary adj 传说中的 传奇般的 reinforce v 增强 stereotype n 陈腔滥调 老套 taboo n 禁忌 避讳 unsettle v 令人不安 depiction n 描述 lush adj 青葱的 味美的 繁荣的 Passage Two The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon its prevention or its effective management much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients colleagues insurers and government The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin There are familial religious and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school For example countries cultures and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a norm There are secondary 南方学习网英语部 schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant there are homes which imbue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviour if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity Unfortunately there are troubling if inconclusive data that suggest that during medical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve indeed moral development may actually stop or even regress The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example of integrity Medical schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day one The development of a school s culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing Moreover the school s examination system and general treatment of students must be perceived as fair Finally the treatment of infractions must be firm fair transparent and consistent 6 What does the author say about cheating in medical schools A Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon B We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is feasible C We are safe to conclude that this phenomenon exists on a grand scale D Reliable data about the extent prevention and management of the phenomenon is lacking 7 According to the author it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because A The medical profession is based on trust B There is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine C The medical profession depends on the government D Cheating exists extensively in medical schools 8 What does the author say about the cause s of cheating A Family culture and society play an active part B Bad school environment is the leading cause of student cheating C Parents are always to blame for their children s cheating behaviour 南方学习网英语部 D Cheating exists primarily because students learn bad things from TV 9 According to the author what precautions should medical schools take to prevent students from cheating A Medical schools should establish a firm moral standard to weed out applicants with low integrity B Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society C Medical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values D There is nothing medical schools can do to improve the ethical behaviour of their students 10 The author will probably agree with which of the following statements A Medical schools should make exams easier for the students to alleviate the fierce competition B Prominent figures in the medical institution should create a set of moral standards to be applied in medical schools C Medical students should play an active role in the creation and preservation of a culture of integrity D Those students who cheat in the exams should be instantly expelled from school 答案及解析答案及解析 6 答案是 D 解析 文章第一段说 Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon its prevention or its effective management much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity 可见 到目前为止 我们还不很了解医学院作弊现象的严重程度 也不甚明了如何对该类现象进 行预防和管理 既然目前所掌握的 DATA 是 insufficient 不充足的 那么 A B C 所说 的都不符合文章的原意 故均为错误选项 只有 D 的叙述正确 7 答案是 A 解析 作者在第二段说 人们一致认为 医学的基础就是诚信 在医学院就 作弊的学生通常比其他人更容易做出欺骗病人 同事 和政府的事情 因此 医学以诚信 为本的性质就决定了 对医学院的作弊行为应该坚决打击 B 项说的是打击作弊行为的 结果 而不是原因 C 医学依靠政府 D 医学院中作弊行为普遍存在 都不符合文章内 容 8 答案是 A 解析 A 的内容符合文章的原意 作者在讨论作弊现象的根源时 结论是 作弊现象存在 原因是多方面的 学生在上医学院之前受到的家庭 社会和文化的熏陶在 很大程度上决定他们是否会在考试中作弊 也就是选项 A 的内容 B C D 的说法虽然 都有道理 但是都过于绝对 学校的环境 家长的教育 电视的影响 虽然都起一定作用 南方学习网英语部 但是都不能说是决定性的 Leading always primarily 之类的用词决定了它们都不是最佳 选项 9 答案是 C 解析 A 医学院应该确立明确道德标准 淘汰道德素质低下的申请者 是 错误选项 因为文章谈到如何甄别申请医学院学生的道德素质的时候 作者用的是虚拟语 气 have 的过去式 had if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance 如果能有可靠的标准 能预先了解学生的道德水平 医学院在录取的时候应该 照顾那些恪守道德准则的学生 可见目前并没有这样的标准可循 B Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society 和文章的内容相反 因为文章明确地说 Medical schools cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society C 项错 因为文章的本 意是 医学院的学生在学期间 道德素质不仅不会提高 而且可能下降 regress 但是 作者并没有说 医学院在提高学生素质方面无计可施 而是敦促学校采取相应措施 imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity 增强未来的医师们的道德感 10 答案是 C 解析 C 项和文章最后一段的 The development of a school s culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing 相呼应 A 错 因为作者没有建议医学院应该降低考试难度 B 的叙述不准 确 因为作者的本意是医学界的要人应该树立楷模 而不是让他们设定一套人人遵循的行 规 D 错 作者仅提议医学院对有违反道德准则学生的处罚应该是坚决 公正 透明和统 一的 作者并没有明确倡议一旦有作弊行为就将其开除出校 Notes 生词注释 生词注释 inappropriate adj 不合适的 不适宜的 lenient adj 宽容的 宽恕的 仁慈的 validity n 确实性 效力 合法性 multifactorial adj 不常用 多方面的 familial adj 家庭的 norm n 标准 规范 准则 rampant adj 繁茂的 蔓延的 本文 猖獗的 imbue v 浸透 使充满 感 染 ethical adj 道德的 伦理的 remedy v 治疗 修理 补救 integrity n 正直 诚实 清廉 完整 regress v 退回 倒退 pervasive adj 到处弥漫的 到处渗透的 nurturing adj 养育的 培 养的 infraction n 违反 违法的行为 transparent adj 透明的 Passage Three A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played When the narratives of the games are analyzed they can be seen to fall into some genres The two genres most popular with the children I interviewed were Platformers and Beat 南方学习网英语部 them ups Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform avoiding obstacles moving on through the levels and progressing through the different stages of the game Beat them ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content These games involve fights between animated characters In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls of a cliff but walks away unscathed Controversy has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play which is said to spill over into children s everyday lives There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after prolonged exposure to these games Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive yells at the screen It is not only the Beat them up games which produce this aggression platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their lives and die just before the end of the level is reached Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand to eye coordination When the player loses and the words Game over appear on the screen there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming addictive the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have one last go in the hope of doing better next time Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior Playing these games can lead to anti social behavior make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability 11 What is the topic of this article A How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in children B There is no difference between Platform games and Beat Them Ups 南方学习网英语部 C How to control anger while playing computer games D How to make children spend less time on computer games 12 Which of the following games is supposed to contain violent content A Sonic B Super Mario C Platformer D Beat Them Up 13 What does unscathed Paragraph 1 Last line probably mean A unsettled B unbeaten C unharmed D unhappy 14 According to the second paragraph how does violence relate to playing computer games A When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger B Beat Them Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce violent behavior C People who have good hand eye coordination tend to be more violent than others D The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games 15 According to the author why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies A Because children cannot tell fiction from reality WWW CN MPA COM 2005 8 16 5 10 56 B Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground C Because computer games involve children more than TV or films D Because computer games can produce more anti social behavior 答案及解析答案及解析 11 答案是 A 解析 文章的主题 可以从第一段中看出 作者开头就说 A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played 计算机游戏的内容遭到很多非议 第二段开头 作者又用这样的话引出下文 Controversy has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play which is said to spill over into children s everyday lives There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after prolonged exposure to these games 计算机游戏引起争议 有部分原因 是因为 小孩打游戏总是过了头 游戏已经渗透到他们生活中去 人们担心 孩子们因为 打游戏时间过长 渐渐变的有暴力倾向 第三段开头 作者说 Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality 对计算机游戏的一些担心 来自于孩子无法辨别虚构世界和现实 世界 可见 作者本文主要讨论的问题 是计算机游戏中的暴力给孩子们带来的影响 12 答案是 D 解析 该细节可以在文章第一段找到 文章第一段介绍了主要的两类电子游 戏 Platformers 和 Beat Them Ups 前者包括 Sonic 和超级玛丽 后者是打游戏者作为游戏 南方学习网英语部 中的卡通人物的单人独斗类游戏 后者一般被认为有暴力内容 关键语句为 Beat them ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content 13 答案是 C 解析 可以根据上下文判断 文章第一段结尾 unscathed 出现的语句为 In many ways this violence can be compared to violence wit