2013届高三英语 名校试题精品汇编（第1期）专题08 情态动词及虚拟语气（教师版）

用心 爱心 专心1 20132013 届高三英语名校试题巨献 教师版 届高三英语名校试题巨献 教师版 第第 8 8 讲讲 情态动词及虚拟语气专题情态动词及虚拟语气专题 情态动词的解题技巧 情态动词的解题技巧 1 认真审题 结合所给出的语境 正确把握说话者的语气 情感 态度 观点等 2 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法 并结合语境推敲答案 3 要注意把握时间概念 A can manage B could have managed C could manage D can have managed 根据题干中所给出的时间 last week 可知我们已经做完了工作 已经完成 故排除 A C 两项 再结合 could have done 表示虚拟语气以及与前面的 I don t think 故说话者想表达的意思是 离开了 你 我们本不可能完成这项工作 故答案为 B 项 情态动词用法归类与高考试题分析 情态动词用法归类与高考试题分析 一 表示推测的情态动词 一 表示推测的情态动词 1 must 表示推测 意为 一定 只能用于肯定句中 must have done 意为 一定做过某事或某事肯定 发生了 例如 She looks very happy She have passed the exam I guess so It s not difficult after all A should B could C must D might 解析 句意为 她看上去很高兴 一定是通过了考试 答案 C 用心 爱心 专心2 2 should not ought not to 在中表示根据常规或常识推测 表示 某事应该或不应该发生 语气比 must 或 can t couldn t 稍弱 例如 How s your tour around the North Lake Is it beautiful It be but it is now heavily polluted A will B would C should D must There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school A mustn t B shan t C shouldn t D needn t 解析 句意 既然你在驾校进行了大量训练 那么通过道路测试按理不应该有困难 C 3 can could 表达推测时 一般用于疑问句和否定句中 can 用于肯定句中表示一种理论上的可能 性 并不牵涉是否真的会发生 在这种用法中 can 只能与动词原形连用 could 用于肯定句中 语气比 may might 更弱 You be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago A wouldn t B can t C mustn t D needn t She have left school for her bike is still here A can t B wouldn t C shouldn t D needn t It is usually warm in my hometown in March but it be rather cold sometime A must B can C should D would Peter be really difficult at times even though he s a nice person in general A shallB shouldC canD must 4 may not might not 表达一种不太把握的推测 意为 或许 可能 might 的语气比 may 较婉转 例 如 Liza well not want to go on the trip she hates traveling A will B can C must D may 解析 may well 为固定搭配 意为 很可能 极有可能 答案 Although this sound like a simple task great care is needed A must B may C shall D should 用心 爱心 专心3 I can t find my purse anywhere You have lost it while shopping A may B can C should D would 解析 结合语境可知 回答者是在提醒对方 或许购物时把钱包丢了 答案 A 二 表达虚拟语气的情态动词 对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟 用情态动词 have done 这一结构 常用的有以下几个情态动词 1 should not ought not to have done 本 不 应该做某事 但却没有做或做了 含有责备 或后悔之意 例如 I m sorry I at you the other day Forget it I was a bit out of control myself A shouldn t shout B shouldn t have shouted C mustn t shoutC mustn t have shouted 解析 对不起 我那天本不应该对你大喊大叫的 答案 B 2 could have done 本来能够做某事但未做 例如 Thank you for all your hard work last week I don t think we it without you A can manage B could have managed C could manage D can have managed 3 needn t have done 本没有必要做某事但却做了 要注意 needn t do 则表达 没有必要去做某事 时间上应该是现在或将来 例如 Catherine I have cleaned the room for you Thanks You it I could manage it myself A needn t do B needn t have done C mustn t do D shouldn t have done The boss has given everyone a special holiday so we go to work tomorrow 用心 爱心 专心4 A can t B mustn t C needn t D shouldn t 解析 老板给所有的员工放了假 所以我们明天不必再去上班 答案 C 4 would not have done 本来 不 会发生某事 但却 发生了 或没有发生 常用于虚拟条件句或 含蓄虚拟条件引导的虚拟语气 表示对过去所发生事情结果的假设 例如 He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball otherwise he a goal A had scored B scored C would score D would have scored 解析 句中 otherwise 为含蓄条件 相当于 if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball 这是对过去的一种虚拟假设 答案 D 5 might have done 表示 本来可能 但实际上没有发生的事 例如 NMET2008 江西 What a pity Considering his ability and experience he better A need have done B must have done C can have done D might have done 三 表达 情感 态度 语气 等方面的情态动词 1 must 表达 情感 态度 语气 主要有以下用法 1 表示主观的义务和必要 主要用于肯定句和疑问句 意思为 必须 得 要 由 must 引起的疑问句 肯定回答要用 must 或 have to 否定回答要用 needn t 或 don t have to 意 思是 不必 另外 must 与 have to 都可以表示 必须 这一含义 must 表示一种主观的需要 而 have to 表示一种客观的需要 意思是 不得不 其否定形式是 don have to 例如 What sort of house do you want to have Something big Well it be big that s not important A mustn t B needn t C can t D won t 解析 Something big 此处意为 Must it be big 回答者的意思是 房子不必太大 那并不重要 答案 B 2 must 的否定形式 mustn t 表示禁止 意思是 不能 不许 例如 2008 上海春 When I was young I was told that I play with matches A wouldn t B needn t C mustn t D daren t 3 must 用于条件句或疑问句中 可以用来表示责备 抱怨的感情色彩 意思为 偏要 硬要 干嘛 例如 用心 爱心 专心5 May I smoke here If you choose a seat in the smoking section A should B could C may D must John look at the time you play the piano at such a late hour A Must B Can C May D Need 2 should 1 should 应该 表示 责任和义务 例如 NMET2008 上海 According to the air traffic rules you switch off your mobile phone before boarding A mayB can C wouldD should 2 在虚拟 条件句中用以加强假设语气 表示 与将来事实相反的假设 用 If 主语 should 动词原形 当 万一 会 讲 这时可省略 if 将 should 提到句首 变为倒装句式 请看下面的例子 If it should rain Should it rain tomorrow I would stay at home 万一明天下雨的话 我就 待在家里 再如 fired your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off A Would you be B Should you be C Could you be D Might you be 解析 句意 万一你被解雇 给你的医疗救助和其它方面的福利也不会被取消 答案 B 3 should 还可以用来表示说话人对某事不能理解 赶到意外 惊异等意思 译为 竟然 竟会 例 如 You can t imagine that a well behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady A might B need C should D would 解析 句意 你想象不到这么一个表现良好的绅士竟然会对一个女士这么粗鲁 答案 C 3 shall 1 shall 用于第一和第三人称 常用于疑问句中 用来征求对方意见 例如 What s the name Khulaifi I spell it for you A Shall B Would C Can D Might 用心 爱心 专心6 2 用于第二和第三人称 表示 命令 威胁 警告 允诺 等 例如 Excuse me But I want to use your computer to type a report You have my computer if you don t take care of it A shan t B might not C needn t D shouldn t 解析 shall 此处表示 警告 答案 A 3 shall 也用于宣布法律 规定的要求 例如 What does the sign over there read No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette cigar or pipe in this area A will B may C shall D must 4 can 1 can 可以用来表示惊异 怀疑 不相信的态度 主要用于否定句 疑问句或感叹句中 How you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article A can B must C need D may 答案 A 2 can 也可以用来表示请求或许可 例如 Mum I ve been studying English since 8 o clock I go out and play with Tom for a while No I m afraid not Besides it s raining outside now A Can t B Wouldn t C May D Won t 答案 A 3 can 可以表达一般的或永久的能力 be able to 也可表达能力 但常用来表达在某件事情中所表 现出来的能力 尤指克服困难能够完成某事 例如 If it were not for the fact that she sing I would invite her to the party A couldn t B shouldn t C can t D might not 97 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out A had to B would C could D was able to 答案 C D 5 would 1 will 与 would 可表示 意愿 意志 John promised his doctor he not smoke and he has never smoked ever since A might B should C could D would 解析 根据 promise 可知此处是 John 向医生表明自己的意志 答案 D 用心 爱心 专心7 2 would 表示过去倾向性或习惯性的动作 used to 也有这一用法 但 used to 即可用来表达过去的 习惯性的动作 也可用来表示过去的状态 例如 上海 When he was there he go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day A would B should C had better D might 07 安徽 In my opinion life in the twenty first century is much easier than A that used to be B it is used to C it was used to D it used to be 第一题 would 指过去习惯性的动作 第二题 it 替代 life used to be 指过去的样子 A D 名校模拟试题汇编训练 名校模拟试题汇编训练 1515 分钟 分钟 1 2012 届江西省临川一中高三 6 月信息卷 23 Why do you look so upset Oh I was fined for speeding I that fast A shouldn t drive B mustn t drive C couldn t have driven D shouldn t have driven 2 2012届安 徽高考最后一卷 22 You had better break up with the boy Lucy I don t hang out with him any more You have told me that at the beginning A would B should C could D must 3 2012 届安 徽省六安一中高三第十次月考 25 Does your uncle still smoke He given it up It s two years ever since he A can t have smoked B may have smoked C should have has smoked D should have didn t smoke 答案 B 解析 考查情态动词 may have done 表示 可能已经做某事了 第二空表示 他不吸烟有两年了 此句型中用延续性动词表示动作停止 4 2012 届安徽省六安一中高三第十次月考 28 We re committed to the project we be 用心 爱心 专心8 here otherwise A shan t B shouldn t C wouldn t D needn t 5 2012 届上 海市高考适应性考试英语试卷 27 I don t know why Denise started crying when I mentioned the wedding It what you said about her brother Or perhaps she is just nervous A should have been B couldn t have been C could have been D must have been 答案 C 解析 考查情态动词的用法 句意 可能你谈到了他的哥哥或者也许她紧张 6 2012 届天津一中高三第五次月考 15 My pain obvious the moment I walked into the room for the first man I met asked sympathetically Are you feeling all right A must beB must have beenC might have beenD may be 答案 B 解析 考查情态动词的用法 此处 must have been 表示对过去的事实的推测 7 2012 届甘肃兰州一中三诊 8 The school recommends parents their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays A not permit B do not permit C mustn t permit D couldn t permit 8 2012 届甘 肃兰州一中三诊 20 I can t believe that Jeff have quarreled and fought with his boss Well if one ask for trouble it just can t be helped A would will B must may C should must D need dare 答案 C 解析 考查情态动词的用法 第一空 should 意为 竟然 第二空 must 意为 一定 句意 我不能相 信 Jeff 竟然和他的老板争吵 打架 如果一个人偏要找麻烦的话 那没办法 9 2012 届西安八校联考二 22 Mary didn t turn up last time did she 用心 爱心 专心9 No She We had changed our plan A didn t need to come B needn t have come C shouldn t have come D needn t have to come 答案 A 解析 考查情态动词的用法 句意 Mary 上次没有出现 是吗 不 她没必要来 我们改变了计划 10 2012 届河北省唐山市三模 26 you read when the power is off It s harmful to your eyes A CanB WillC MustD May 11 2012 届 河北省唐山市三模 34 If only I the key with me Then you would not have to wait for your wife s rescue A had had B have had C hadD have 答案 C 解析 考查虚拟语气的用法 此处表示与现在的事实相反 故用一般过去时 句意 要是我带着钥匙 该多好啊 12 2012 届江苏徐州市高考信息卷 30 Does the suggestion sound reasonable that Smith about his physical condition as soon as possible A must be told B shall be told C should be told D may be told 13 2012 届 江苏徐州市高考信息卷 33 Did our class win the game We but Li Ping dropped out in the middle of the game because of his ankle injury A may have B might have C must have D should have 答案 B 解析 考查情态动词的用法 句意 我们本可能赢得比赛的 但李平因踝受伤 中途退场 用心 爱心 专心10 14 2012 届江西临川一中冲刺卷 28 It s a pity that you leave so soon It s been so nice having you here A shouldB couldC canD might 15 2012 届 四川成都市树德协进中学 5 月月考 30 I read English loudly in the morning I would start from today on A Must B Should C Might D Shall 答案 B 解析 考查虚拟语气的用法 含有 if 的条件句 如果把 if 省略 助动词前置 16 2012 届福建漳州市四地七校第四次联考 27 No wonder you caught a cold You out last night without a coat I know how silly I was A should have gone B shouldn t have gone C can t have gone D mustn t have gone 17 2012 届 福建漳州市四地七校第四次联考 35 Without Sir Tim the father of the www ke