广东省2014高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解四十

1 阅读理解阅读理解 请认真阅读下列短文 从短文后各题所给的 A B C D 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 A A Usually when your teacher asks a question there is only one correct answer But there is one question that has millions of current answers That question is What s your name Everyone gives a different answer but everyone is correct Have you ever wondered about people s names Where do they come from What do they mean People s first names or given names are chosen by their parents Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used Some parents choose the name of a well known person A boy could be named George Washington Smith a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones Some people give their children names that mean good things Clara means bright Beatrice means one who gives happiness Donald means world ruler Leonard means as brave as a lion The earliest last names or surnames were taken from place names A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook 小溪 someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long paved road The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest Other early surnames came from people s occupations The most common occupational name is Smith which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals In the past smiths were very important workers in every town and village Some other occupational names are Carter a person who owned or drove a cart Potter a person who made pots and pans The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village The Carpenter s great great great grandfather probably built houses and furniture 2 Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin or their size or their special abilities When there were two men who were named John in the same village the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer Some family names were made by adding something to the father s name English speaking people added s or son The Johnsons are descendants of John the Roberts family s ancestor was Robert Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the MacDonnells and the O Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell 1 Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover A Places where people lived B People s characters C Talents that people possessed D People s occupations 选 B 根据文中 4 5 6 三段可知只有 B 选项未提及 2 According to the passage the ancestors of the Potter family most probably A owned or drove a cart B made things with metals C made kitchen tools or contains D built houses and furniture 选 C 文中第六段 potter a person who made pots and pans 可知 potter 意为一个制作茶 壶和平底锅的人 由此推断选 C 3 Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wa nted their new born son to become a world leader the baby might be named A Beatrice Smith B Leonard Carter C George Longstreet D Donald Greenwood 选 D 根据文中倒数第 2 段可知一些人取名是根据特征而来 比如灰色头发的人取名 john Gray 高个的人取名 john Tallman 所以根据题意 居住在森林旁边的人取名为 Donald Greenw 4 The underlined word descendants in the last paragraph means a 3 person s A later generations B friends and relatives C colleagues and partners D later sponsors 选 A 根据最后一段第一二行 some family names were made by adding something to the father s name The Johnsons are descendants of John 可知 descendants 指的是 后代 B B It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves Some groups believe wolves should be killed Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness 荒野 ForFor KillingKilling WolvesWolves In Alaska the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport However 1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur So the wolf population has greatly increased Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life When the deer can t find enough food they die If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer their prey 猎物 will disappear some day And the wolves will too So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology If we killed more wolves we would save them and their prey from dying out We d also save some farm animals In another northern state wolves attack cows and chickens for food Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population 4 AgainstAgainst KillingKilling WolvesWolves If you had lived long ago you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf According to most stories hungry wolves often kill people for food Even today the stories of the big bad wolf will not disappear But the fact is wolves are afraid of people and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell When wolves eat other animals they usually kill the very young or the sick and injured The strongest survive No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived And has always been a law of nature Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves we say it is nonsense Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs the wolves can t always find enough food So they travel to the nearest source which is often a farm Then there is danger The big bad wolf has arrived And everyone knows what happens next 1 According to the passage some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that A there are too many wolves B they kill large numbers deer C they attack cows and chickens for food D they destroy the wilderness plant life 选 D 根据文中小标题 For killing wolves 第一段第三行 so the wolf population has increased 第三段第一句和第四段第一句话 可知选项 D 不是原因 2 Some people are against killing wolves because A wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wideness B there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness C there are too many deer in the wilderness 5 D wolves are afraid of people and n