人教版新课标选修6句型结构总复习

1 选修选修 6 句型结构总复习句型结构总复习 1 while 连接的并列句连接的并列句 The style of Western art has changed many times while Chinese art has changed less often P1 while 常常用作从属连词 表示 当 的时候 它也可以连接两个并列句 意为 然而 eg I thought I heard him come in while we were having dinner while but however 的区别 1 while 虽然表示转折 但是它侧重于两者之间的对比 eg She thought I was talking about her daughter while in fact I was talking about my daughter while 还可引导让步状语从句 相当于 although eg While I understand what you say I can t agree with you 2 but 要放在句中 不能用逗号同后面的句子隔开 eg He doesn t like music but his wife does 本句只能用 but 3 however 在表示这个意义时是副词 所以用逗号同后面的句子隔开 而且位置也比较灵活 可以置于句 首 句中或句末 eg This is one possible solution to the problem However there are others 2 if 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句 If the rules of perspective had not been discovered people would not have been able to paint such realistic pictures P2 该句为虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用可以有以下三种情况 1 与过去事实相反 从句用 had done 主句用 would could should might do eg The house would not have been burnt if you had been more careful 2 与现在事实相反 从句动词用过去时 be 动词用 were If I were you 主句用 would could should might do eg If my uncle were here he would help us deal with the problem 3 与将来事实相反 从句用过去时 be 动词用 were should do were to do 主句用 would 1 2 3 could should might do eg If you attended tomorrow s meeting it would be more interesting If you were to succeed everything would be all right If it should rain tomorrow we should have to put off the travel plan 通常情况下 在非真实条件句中 主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的 但有时也可能指不同的时间 这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式 也就是混合条件句 eg If you had listened to me carefully yesterday you would be able to answer my questions now 从句与过去事 实相反 主句与现在事实相反 因为有现在时间状语 now 3 see 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 I saw a house bow to a squire P10 see 后面的复合结构很复杂 在这个句子中是接不带 to 的动词不定式 在此种情况下 往往表示将来的动作 或是过去完成的动作 而且这个动作往往是瞬间发生的 eg I saw a thief slip into my neighbour s house 1 在 see 宾语 过去分词 这个结构中 宾语与后面的过去分词存在逻辑上的动宾关系 eg Just now I saw an old man knocked down by a speeding car 2 see 宾语 动词 ing 形式 这个结构表示看到某动作正在进行 eg The missing child was last seen playing by the river 3 see 宾语 being done 表示看到某事正在被做 eg When I was passing by Beijing I saw many gyms and stadiums being built for the 2008 Olympic Games 4 as adj a n n as I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have P18 as adj a n n as 结构中 将形容词提前 前提是后面的名词前必须有不定冠词 a 或 an eg I have never seen as old a car as this one 适用于这个句型的词还有 too how so 等 要求名词前面要有不定冠词 a 或 an eg This is too difficult a problem for me to answer 2 How interesting a story it is I have never met so young a man with so wise a head 5 every time Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette remind yourself that you are a non smoker P19 every time 在这个句子中用作连词 引导时间状语从句 相当于 whenever 译为 每 就 此外 each time 也可用来引导这样的句子 eg Don t always turn to dictionary every time you meet with a new word I d think of my hometown each time I listen to this song 在英语中 还有许多普通词或短语被用作连词 the moment second minute instant the year now that in that seeing that 由于 on condition that so long as 等 eg The moment minute second you arrive at the station please telephone me So long as you make your grandmother happy I will be satisfied 6 It is 强调成分强调成分 that It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick P22 这个句子中强调的成分为含有 only 的时间状语从句 only when the disease has progressed to AIDS 通常 强调句型用于强调句子中除谓语之外的其他成分 但是 强调从句的情况比较复杂一些 还有些句子在强调 部分有含有了定语从句或是同位语从句 eg It was not until he grew up that he understood what his father said when he was a child 强调含有 not until 的时 间状语从句时 把 not 与 until 一起提前 eg It was the suggestion that he came up with that made us excited It was the suggestion that we go for a picnic this Sunday that made us excited 1 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为 疑问词 is was it that eg What is it that makes you so upset Where was it that you learned about this news 2 需要强调谓语时 可以用 do 或者一些副词如 really 等来表达 eg Last night I missed the lecture but I did want to attend it 7 There is no doubt that There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer P26 There is no doubt that 意为 毫无疑问 doubt 作名词 也可用于 There is doubt whether if 结构中 eg There is some doubt whether the weather will change doubt 还可用作动词 表示 怀疑 不确定 后可接不同的宾语从句 肯定句常接 whether if 引导的宾语 从句 否定句和疑问句通常接 that 引导的宾语从句 eg I doubt whether if he will keep his word I don t doubt that he is honest I m sure he is honest Do you doubt that he will win 8 They don t think that They don t think that ignoring the issue is worth the speculation P28 句中 They don t think that 是一个否定前移句式 形式上是主句的否定 实质上是对从句进行否定 即 They think that ignoring the issue is not worth the speculation 但这样的表达不符合讲英语国家的人们的习惯 因为当主句的谓语动词是表示揣测 看法或信念的词 如 think believe expect suppose imagine 等时 其后 面的宾语从句的否定词一般要移到主句当中 即否定主句的谓语动词 这样做的目的是为了使语气委婉 好 让对方更容易接受 eg I don t think what you have put forward is right I don t suppose I will trouble you again 这类句子的反意疑问句情况 1 若主语为第一人称 反意疑问句的构成要与从句的主语一致 但是仍要遵循 前否后肯 的原则 eg I don t think he is right is he 2 如果主语不是第一人称时 就用主句的主语来构成反意疑问句 因为这时句子的意义中心转移了 eg You don t think he is right do you 3 9 if not so any It s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not turn it off P30 if not 的语言现象称作状语从句紧缩现象 相当于 if you are not using it eg Turn to me for help if necessary He can t have money on him if any he would have lent me some Unless invited I will not attend his wedding ceremony 1 时间状语从句中常见的紧缩形式 eg As he was a young man Lincoln was once a storekeeper and later a postmaster 2 条件状语从句中常见的紧缩形式 eg If it is so I ll stay at home instead of going out tomorrow 3 方式状语从句中常见的紧缩形式 eg He opened his mouth as if he was to say something 4 其他状语从句中常见的紧缩形式 eg Though we are poor we will still be as happy as now While he is doing so he has decided to leave the company 10 having done 动词动词 ing 形式的完成时形式的完成时 Having collected and evaluated the information I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast it will flow P34 动词 ing 形式的完成往往用来表示一个先于主要动词发生的动作 而且与句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关 系 eg Having finished his homework he went out to play football He had finished his homework and then he went out to play football 也有 having been done 的分词形式 这时分词表示的动作与句子主语间往往是逻辑上的动宾关系 eg Having been kept in prison for many years he felt cut off from the outside world 11 be about to do when I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day P34 when 在这里作并列连词 意为 这时 暗示动作的突然变化 通常 前面的句子是过去进行时或是 was about to be about to do sth 表示 将要 正打算 eg Jasmine was having holidays with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten on the leg by a snake when 除引导时间状语从句外 还可引导原因状语从句 表示 既然 eg Why do you want to change your job when you have got such a good one 12 It is said that It is said that this boy who had a great gift for language and persuasion is the father of the Manchu people P39 It is said that 意为 据说 it 是形式主语 指代后面由 that 引导的主语从句 有类似用法的动词有 report believe hope expect think 等 eg It s reported that by the end of last month the sale of the company had risen by 10 精挑细选之单项选择精挑细选之单项选择 1 I accept that he is not perfect I do actually like him A While B Since C Before D Unless 2 The programme is good it can be made better A But B While C However D Although 3 It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love at the age of seven with the library in my hometown A wouldn t have fallen B had not fallen C should fall D were to fall 4 4 This is the plan that the scientists would like to see in near future A to carry out B carrying out C carried out D carry out 5 Now that you like the portable personal computer so much why not buy one It s of great use to your work Well I can t afford computer at present A that expensive a B a much expensive C that an expensive D such expensive 6 His father left his hometown the Anti Japan War broke out A in the year B the year when C the year D in that year 7 It was back home after the experiment A not until midnight did he go B until midnight that he didn t go C not until midnight that he went D until midnight when he didn t go 8 There is still doubt among the public he is the right person to be the new Prime Minis