高中英语 Unit1 Living well Period 3优秀教案 新人教版选修7

用心 爱心 专心1 PeriodPeriod 3 3 GrammarGrammar Teaching aims 1 Students will be able to recognize the infinitives and know the exact meanings of them 2 Students will be able to use these structures correctly Teaching procedures Step 1 Revision Ask several students to retell Marty s story Show Marty s mini biography on the PowerPoint My mini biography NameMarty Fielding StatusHigh school student Health Developed a muscle disease at the age of 10 very weak cannot do things like normal people Interests and Hobbies Enjoying writing and computer programming Going to the movies and football matches with friends Spending a lot of time with my pets two rabbits a parrot a tank full of fish and a tortoise AmbitionTo work for a firm that develops computer software MottoLive one day at a time Step 2 Discovering useful structures 1 基本概念 不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式 没有人称和数的变化 而且不能单独用作谓语 但 仍旧有动词的特点 即可有自己的宾语和状语 构成不定式短语 使用频率较高 是一个 考试经常考查的语法点 2 基本形式 主动形式被动形式 一般式to doto be done 完成式to have doneto have been done 进行式to be doing 完成进行式to have been doing 否定形式not to donot to be done 疑问词 不定式wh to dowh to be done 复合结构sb to do for sb to do 3 句法功能 不定式具有名词 形容词 副词的特征 在句中可以充当主语 表语 宾语 定语 状语和补足语 还可以有自己的逻辑主语 即 for sb to do sth It is good to help others subject 用心 爱心 专心2 It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighbourhood have access to all public buildings subject My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up predicative I don t have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself attributive I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake attributive A big company has decided to buy it from me object My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am object I have had to work hard to live a normal life adverbial Some days I am too tired to get out of bed adverbial We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people object complement 4 不定式的时态与语态 根据需要 不定式可以有一般式 to do 完成式 to have done 完成进行式 to have been doing 进行式 to be doing 等时态形式以及被动形式 to be done 和 to have been done He didn t allow us to go home early 他不允许我们早回家 He seemed to have seen the film 他好像看过这部电影 She is said to have been living in the city for six years 据说她住在该城市六年了 The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in 当他母亲进来的时候 小男孩假装在读书 He is said to have studied abroad a few years ago 据说他几年前在国外学习过 The book is said to have been translated into many languages 据说此书已被译成了多种语言 注意 1 The following verbs are usually followed by the infinitive afford agree appear arrange ask attempt care choose claim come consent dare decide demand deserve determine elect endeavor expect fail get guarantee hate help hesitate hope hurry intend learn long manage mean need offer p lan prepare pretend promise refuse say seem tend threaten want wish For example I can t afford to go to the pub He agreed to practice more You should learn to express yourself They managed to fix the problem 2 Explanation of the gerund and the infinitive Some words can be followed by either the infinitive or the ing form Please pay attention when there is no difference in meaning and when there is difference 1 The gerund and the infinitive no difference in meaning We use the gerund or the infinitive after the following verbs begin He began talking He began to talk 用心 爱心 专心3 continue They continue smoking They continue to smoke hate Do you hate working on Saturdays Do you hate to work on Saturdays like I like swimming I like to swim love She loves painting She loves to paint prefer Pat prefers walking home Pat prefers to walk home start They start singing They start to sing We use the gerund or the infinitive after the following verbs There are two possible structures after these verbs Gerund verb ing Infinitive verb person to infinitive advise They advise walking to town They advise us to walk to town allow They do not allow smoking here They do not allow us to smoke here encourage They encourage doing the test They encourage us to do the test permit They do not permit smoking here They do not permit us to smoke here We use the following structures after the word recommend recommend They recommend walking to town They recommend that we should walk to town 2 Some verbs or verb phrases have different meanings when used with the gerund or the infinitive GERUNDINFINITIVE forget He ll never forget spending so much money on his first computer 他永远 不会忘记在第一台电脑上花费了这 么多钱 Don t forget to spend money on the tickets 不要忘记用钱去买票 go on Go on reading the text 继续读这篇文章 继续做同一件 事 Go on to read the text 继续读这篇文章 继续做另一件事 mean You have forgotten your homework again That means phoning your mother 你又忘记做家庭作业了 这意味着 我要打电话给你妈妈 I meant to phone your mother but my mobile didn t work 我本打算打电话给你妈妈 但是我的 手机坏了 remember I remember switching off the lights when I went on holiday 我记得我去度假时把灯都关掉了 Remember to switch off the lights when you go on holiday 当你去度假时 记得把灯关掉 用心 爱心 专心4 stop Stop reading the text 停止读这篇文章 Stop to read the t ext 停下来读这篇文章 try Why don t you try running after the dog 你为什么不尝试跟着狗跑呢 I tried to run after the dog but I 我竭尽全力跟着狗跑 但是 Step 3 Drilling Ask students to do Exercise 2 on Page 5 and check with their partners then check together Keys to have kept you waiting to have forgotten to have finished Ask students to do Exercise 3 and share their past experience in a group Keys to have spent To free to see to treat to help pass to abolish Step 4 Using the infinitive Ask students to translate the following sentences into English and pay attention to the use of the infinitive 1 我忘了让你去社区服务中心了 2 在检