高中英语 Unit12 Culture Shock单词.典句.考点 北师大版必修4

用心 爱心 专心1 名师导航三点剖析名师导航三点剖析 单词单词 典句典句 考点考点 巧记提示巧记提示 o 眼睛 we 别拿眼睛瞪着我们 欠债还钱 天经地义 经典例句经典例句 I oweowe him 5 yuan which he lent me last week 我欠他五元钱 那是他上星期借给我的 He owesowes his success to hard work and patience 他把他的成就全归功于勤奋和忍耐 We oweowe all our achievements to the correct leadership of the Party 我们的一切成就都应归功于党的正确领导 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 owe 用作及物动词 意思是 负债 时 常用于 owe sth owe sb sth 例如 They asked him to pay what he owed them 他们要他偿还欠他们的债务 2 owe to 为动词短语 只能充当谓语 而不能误当作介词结构并引导状语从句 3 owe to 意为 应把 归功于 时 意思上比较接近于另一个常见短语 thanks to 不 过后者为介词短语 只能引导状语从句 例如 I stopped the car very quickly thanks to the good brakes 由于刹车好 我很快刹住了汽车 活学活用活学活用 1 翻译句子 1 我欠你多少钱 2 The debt we owed them could never be paid 3 我该好好谢谢你 4 多亏你们的帮助 我们及时完成了这项任务 thanks to 5 多亏医生的照料 他的病才好了 owe to 答案 答案 1 How much do I owe you 2 他们的恩惠我们永远也报答不了 3 I owe you many thanks 4 Thanks to your help we accomplished the task in time 5 He owes it to his doctor s care that he is quite well again 经典例句经典例句 I demand an immediate apologyapology from you 我要你立刻向我道歉 He made an apologyapology to the guests for the oversight 他因招待不周向客人道歉 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 apologize apologise vi 道歉 表示歉意 如 Peter was apologizing to Polar for having kept her waiting 彼得正在为让波拉久等而向她道歉 2 常用搭配 make offer give an apology to sb for sth doing sth 因为某事向某人致歉 accept sb s apology 接受某人的道歉 demand an apology from sb 要求某人道歉 用心 爱心 专心2 owe sb an apology for sth doing sth 应该为某事向某人道歉 活学活用活学活用 2 翻译词组 1 an apology to sb for sth 2 an apology to sb for doing sth 3 in apology for 答案 答案 1 为 向某人道歉 2 为 向某人道歉 3 为 辩护 巧记提示巧记提示 ab 开首字母 sorb 词根 吸收 一开始就被吸引住了 所以更容易接 受 经典例句经典例句 This job absorbsabsorbs all of my time 这件工作占用了我的全部时间 He is absorbedabsorbed in study 他专心读书 He absorbedabsorbed the point of view of his teacher 他接受了老师的观点 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 要点归纳 absorb 在比喻用法中含有 吸收 吞并 的意思 指 使被吸收者失去其特点 或使其特 点不复存在 例如 Large nations shouldn t absorb smaller ones 大国不应当吞并小国 2 相关短语 be absorbed by 被 吞并 为 所吸收 be absorbed in 全神贯注在 一心从事 热衷于 absorb sb s attention 吸引某人注意 活学活用活学活用 3 单项填空 1 As soon as Charles had a little from his surprise his one thought was to get away A returned B absorbed C dissolvedD recovered 2 Once one is to cocaine cigarette it s not easy for him to kick it off A attractedB absorbedC devotedD addicted 答案 答案 1 D 2 D 巧记提示巧记提示 brief 简要的 短暂的 thief 小偷 小偷的动作是短暂的 经典例句经典例句 To be briefbrief she is not my type 简言之 她不是我喜欢的类型 He made a briefbrief stay in Beijing 他在北京小住 We had a briefbrief holiday 我们过了一个短暂的假期 His words are briefbrief 用心 爱心 专心3 他的话很简洁 考点聚焦考点聚焦 相关词组 to be brief in brief 简言之 活学活用活学活用 4 用 brief to be brief 和 in brief 完成句子 1 He gave me a letter 2 with you we can t accept such harsh terms 3 she says No 答案 答案 1 brief 2 To be brief 3 In brief 巧记提示巧记提示 expect v 期待 ation 名词后缀 表动作或状态 经典例句经典例句 He exposed the true aims of the war which was not out of my expectationexpectation 他揭示了这场战争的真实目的 而这些我早已料到了 The result exceeded expectationexpectation 结果比预料的好 We have great expectationsexpectations of you 我们对你抱有极大的期望 考点聚焦考点聚焦 掌握其动词形式 expect 的常见用法 expect to do sth 指望 希望做某事 expect sb sth 期待着某人某事物的到来 expect sb to do sth 指望 预料某人干某事 expect that clause 认为 料想 I expect him to come soon I expect that he will come soon 我想他快来了 expect sb of sth 期望 乞求 活学活用活学活用 5 翻译句子 1 The trip failed to match up to her expectations 2 Great Expectationswas written by Charles Dickens in 1860 答案 答案 1 这次旅行令她很失望 2 远大前程 是查尔斯 狄更斯 1860 所著 巧记提示巧记提示 ex 出 change 换 换出 交换 经典例句经典例句 He exchangedexchanged the plough for the sword 他以犁换剑 化干戈为玉帛 Let s have an exchangeexchange of views on the matter 让我们对这件事交换一下意见吧 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 同根词 exchangeable adj 可交换的 2 与 exchange 相关的词组 exchange for 交换 以 换 如 Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds 我在哪里能把美元换成英镑 用心 爱心 专心4 in exchange 作为交换 如 I gave him some books and received a dictionary in exchange 我给他几本书 换得一本字典 in exchange for 代替 与 交换 如 I m giving her Chinese lessons in exchange for English lessons 我教她汉语 作为交换 她教我英语 3 注意 转车 换车 不能用 exchange train 而要用 change train 活学活用活学活用 6 单句改错 He gave me an apple on exchange for a cake 答案 答案 on in 经典例句经典例句 He is modestmodest about his achievement 他对自己取得的成就很谦虚 A modestmodest man will never boast of his merits 谦虚的人决不夸自己的功劳 The more learned a man is the more modestmodest he usually is 人越是有学问 通常越谦虚 考点聚焦考点聚焦 同义词 plain 反义词 exaggerated 同根词 modesty n modestly adv 活学活用活学活用 7 翻译句子 她对自己的成就很谦虚 答案 答案 She s very modest about her success 巧记提示巧记提示 curious adj 好奇的 ly 副词后缀 经典例句经典例句 Mr Crossett looked at us curiouslycuriously 克罗塞特先生用好奇的目光打量着我们 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 形容词 curious 的一些用法 be curious about 对 充满好奇 如 She was unbearably curious about other people s business 她爱打听别人的事 实在叫人受不了 be curious 不定式 如 I m curious to have a look at it 我非常想看一看这样东西 be curious wh 从句 如 I m curious whether he passed the exam 我急切地想知道他是否通过了考试 2 反义词 incurious 无好奇心的 不关心的 同根词 curiosity n 好奇 好奇心 求知欲 curious adj 好奇地 奇特地 活学活用活学活用 8 单项填空 It is good to be curious the world around you 用心 爱心 专心5 A of B in C on D about 答案 答案 D 巧记提示巧记提示 re 再 quest 搜寻 再次请求搜寻 经典例句经典例句 The newspaper requestedrequested photos for advertising 报纸为登广告而索取照片 He requestedrequested his friend to go with him 他请求他的朋友和他一起去 I requestrequest that you should come early 我要求你早些来 Would can express a polite requestrequest would 可以用来表达礼貌的请求 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 常用结构 request n sb to do sth that sb should do sth 如 We requested him to stop at the station 我们让他停在车站 It is requested that a vote be taken 人们要求进行表决 注意 request 接从句时要用虚拟语气 2 辨析 request ask demand 和 require ask 表示在感到要求可能得到满足的情况下提出 含有期望得到肯定答复之意 demand 指以强硬 断然的口吻提出要求 require 指按规章 惯例或需要 要求对方做某事或履行某种义务 往往认为有提要求的权 力 含有命令 强制的意味 request 比 ask 正式 比 demand 客气 语气比较文雅 往往用于恐怕对方不能答应的场合 活学活用活学活用 9 单项填空 天津 10 Don t respond to any e mails personal information no matter how official they look A searching B asking C requesting D questioning 答案 答案 C 巧记提示巧记提示 arrive 词根 表示 到达 al 名词后缀 表示 动作 过程 状态 经典例句经典例句 We are waiting for the arrivalarrival of the guests 我们在等候来宾的到达 When are the arrivalsarrivals and departures of trains 火车的到达和出发是什么时间 The new arrivalarrival was a healthy baby girl 新添的是一个健康的女婴 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 知识归纳 用心 爱心 专心6 arrival 经常用于 on one s arrival 中 表示 某人一到达就 例如 On his arrival at the airport he called a taxi 他一到飞机场就叫了出租车 2 相关链接 arrive vi 到达 后面经常接介词 in 或 at 再接宾语 例如 He arrived in New York the day before yesterday 他前天到达纽约 活学活用活学活用 10 翻译句子 1 这一天终于到来了 2 当 2008 奥运会光临北京的时候 我们将不再是一名中学生 3 我一到家就受到父母的欢迎 4 当我到达旅馆的时候 我已经完全筋疲力尽了 答案 答案 1 At last the day arrived 2 We will not be a middle school student any more when the 2008 Olympics arrives at Beijing 3 On my arrival home I was greeted by my parents 4 I was exhausted totally when I finally arrived at the hotel 巧记提示巧记提示 familiar 熟悉的 family 家庭 家人是熟悉的 经典例句经典例句 She was pleased to see those familiarfamiliar faces again 她很高兴再次看到那些熟悉的面孔 I am familiarfamiliar with this idea 我晓得这个意见 The singer is familiarfamiliar to every one of us 这位歌唱家是我们大家熟悉的 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 记住其同根词 familiarity n 熟悉 精通 亲密 2 反义词 strange 陌生的 3 掌握 familiar 的常用短语 sb be familiar with sth 熟悉 sth be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉 be on familiar terms with sb 和某人交情好 make oneself familiar with sb sth 和某人亲热起来 使自己通晓 如 I m very familiar with this area This area is very familiar to me 我对这个地区非常熟悉 He is on familiar terms with Mary 他跟玛丽交情好 活学活用活学活用 11 单项填空 Are you familiar this type of car A forB toC outD with 答案 答案 D 巧记提示巧记提示 star 星 e 谐音 一 盯着一颗星星 经典例句经典例句 She was staringstaring absently across the water 用心 爱心 专心7 她出神地望着对岸 Children should be taught not to starestare at handicapped people 应该叫小孩子不要盯着残疾人看 She staredstared her son into silence 她瞪着她儿子 直到他闭嘴 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 常用搭配 stare at sb sth 盯着某人 某物瞧 stare into 瞪 某人使 2 辨析 stare 和 glare stare 多指由于吃惊 害怕 沉思或出神地睁大眼睛盯着看 有时显得愚钝或粗鲁无礼 glare 指怒目而视 强调以不满意或恶狠狠的神色怒视某人或某物 活学活用活学活用 12 单项填空 She angrily at her boss and turned away as if out of the office A staredB glaredC saw D found 答案 答案 A 经典例句经典例句 She whisperedwhispered so that she would not wake the baby 她低声说话 免得把婴儿吵醒 His workmates were looking at him and whisperingwhispering 他的伙伴们正看着他并且在嘀咕什么 He whisperedwhispered the news to me 他私下告诉我这个消息 考点聚焦考点聚焦 掌握 whisper 的常见用法 whisper sth 如 She whispered a word in my ear 她对我附耳说了一句话 whisper to sb 如 He whispered to her so that no one else would hear 他对她耳语 以避免让别人听到 whisper sth to sb 如 I whispered a secret to my closest friend 我对我朋友悄悄说了一个秘密 活学活用活学活用 13 完成句子 1 他向邻座的人耳语 He is his neighbor 2 那时这两个女孩正在图书馆里低声说话 The two girls in the library at that time 答案 答案 1 whispering to 2 were whispering 巧记提示巧记提示 spoke speak 的过去式 去 e en 形容词后缀 经典例句经典例句 This is a robot capable of understanding spokenspoken commands 用心 爱心 专心8 这是一个能听懂口头指令的机器人 SpokenSpoken English is more important than written English in communicating with foreigners 在同外国人交流时 英语会话比书面语重要 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 spoken 是 speak 的过去分词 作形容词时表示 口头的 口语的 口语 是 spoken language 口头英语 是 spoken English 相对应的是 书面语 译为 written language 书面英语 译为 written English 2 spoken 还可以用以构成复合词 表示 以 为说话特点的 如 plain spoken 直言不讳的 soft spoken 说话温柔的 3 反义词 unspoken 近义词 oral 活学活用活学活用 14 用 spoken 或 speaking 完成句子 1 English is all over the world today 2 Generally women live longer than men 3 My written English is better than English 4 Hello This is John 答案 答案 1 spoken 2 speaking 3 spoken4 speaking 巧记提示巧记提示 e ex 的变异形态 用在除 c f p q s 以外的辅音字母前 表示 由内向外 rupt 断裂 破碎 断裂后向外发射 喷发 经典例句经典例句 If a volcano eruptserupts it explodes and sends smoke fire and rock into the sky 火山爆发时 把烟 火和石头都喷发到空中 Either erupterupt in silence or die in silence 不在沉默中爆发 就在沉默中灭亡 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 近义词组 break out 爆发 2 派生词 eruptible adj 可爆发的 eruption n 爆发 巧记提示巧记提示 ex 由内向外 port 携带 运输 出口 经典例句经典例句 China exportsexports to many foreign countries 中国向许多国家出口物资 Many raw materials are exportedexported to foreign countries 许多原料输出国外 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 反义词 import 2 export 作名词时 读音是 类似的词 record 记录 记载 v n desert v 抛弃 遗弃 n 沙漠 import 进口 v n 用心 爱心 专心9 3 export n 作 输出 出口 解时 是不可数名词 作 出口物 出口量 解时 是可数名 词 如 Cotton is an important export of the United States 棉花是美国一项重要的出口物资 活学活用活学活用 15 单项填空 The blood waste products from the tissues 组织 A exports B imports C getsD gives 答案 答案 A 巧记提示巧记提示 out 外 出 doors 门 经典例句经典例句 It is good to stay outdoorsoutdoors in the morning because the air is fresh this time 早晨待在室外有好处 因为这时空气好 They often worked outdoorsoutdoors 他们常常在户外工作 He spends much of his time outdoorsoutdoors 他的许多时间是在野外度过的 考点聚焦考点聚焦 1 同根词 outdoor adj 户外的 露天的 2 反义词 indoors 室内的 3 outdoors 与 indoors 都是副词 不能作定语 如 We should take more exercise outdoors 我们应该多进行户外锻炼 4 outdoor 与 indoor 都是形容词 只能作定语 如 We should take more outdoor exercise 我们应该多进行户外锻炼 活学活用活学活用 16 单句改错 Farm workers spend most of their time indoors 答案 答案 indoors outdoors 巧记提示巧记提示 minor 较少的 ity 名词后缀 经典例句经典例句 The nation wants peace only a minorityminority wants the war to continue 全国人民都需要和平 只有少数人希望战争继续 They are in the minorityminority 他们是少数派 The Chinese nation includes more than 50 national minoritiesminorities besid