（3年高考2年模拟）2014届高三英语二轮突破 阅读理解特训19（含解析）

1 阅读理解特训 阅读理解特训 3 3 真真 2 2 模含解析模含解析 2014 2014 届高三英语二轮突破届高三英语二轮突破 1919 C8C8 2013 山东卷 C C You can t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet That s why he created Lampbrella a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia Once I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy 伞篷 built into a street lamp he said The Lampbrella is a standard looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy It has a built in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand Sensors 传感器 then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining In addition to the rain sensor there s also a 360 motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed According to the designer the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians Besides it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people Being installed 安装 at 2 meters off the ground it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter 66 For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella A To predict a heavy rain B To check the weather forecast C To protect people from the rain 2 D To remind people to take an umbrella 67 What do we know from Belyaev s words in Paragraph 2 A His creation was inspired by an experience B It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg C Street lamps are protected by canopies D He enjoyed taking walks in the rain 68 Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works A motor canopy sensors B sensors motor canopy C motor sensors canopy D canopy motor sensors 69 What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella A Its moving speed B Its appearance C Its installation D Its safety 70 What can be inferred from the last paragraph A The designer will open a company to promote his product B The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production C The designer is confident that his creation is practical D The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow 要点综述 这是一篇说明文 文章主要介绍设计师 Mikhail Belyaev 设计的 Lampbrella 它能给街道 上的人们遮雨 虽然这一设计还没有实施 但是 Mikhail Belyaev 却对自己的设计很自信 66 C 考查细节理解 从第一段的 But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet That s why he created Lampbrella 可知 Mikhail Belyaev 设计 Lampbrella 是为了给街道上的人们遮雨的 67 A 考查推理判断 从 Mikhail Belyaev 说的话 I was driving and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy built into a street lamp 可知 他的创意灵感来自他的一次生活体验 故选 A 68 B 考查细节理解 从第三段的内容可找到答案 Lampbrella 工作的过程是先通过传感器 sensors 传到发动机 motor 再到伞篷 canopy 打开 故选 B 69 D 考查主旨大意 从本段的 so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians 和 Being 3 installed at 2 meters off the ground it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians 可知该段是讲 Lampbrella 的安全性 70 C 考查推理判断 从本段 Mikhail Belyaev 说的话看出他对自己的设计很自信 故选 C C8C8 2013 四川卷 E E Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting 收缩 and pumping blood around their bodies compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces Dr Garfinkel said The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don t see and guide whether we see fear To further understand this relationship the scientists also used a brain scanner 扫描仪 to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person s feeling of fear We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear Dr Garfinkel said We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder 47 What is the finding of the study A One s heart affects how he feels fear B Fear is a result of one s relaxed heartbeat C Fear has something to do with one s health 4 D One s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear 48 The study was carried out by analyzing A volunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures B the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions C volunteers reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans D different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart brain communication 49 Which of the following is closest in meaning to mechanism in Paragraph 6 A Order B System C Machine D Treatment 50 This study may contribute to A treating anxiety and stress better B explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety C finding the key to the heart brain communication D understanding different fears in our hearts and heads 要点综述 本文是一篇说明文 文章说明了人的恐惧与心脏和大脑的关系 47 A 细节理解题 根据第四段 The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don t see and guide whether we see fear 可知一个人的心脏影响一个人的恐惧程度 故选 A 48 C 细节理解题 根据第四段 The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces 以及第五段 To further understand this relationship the scientists also used a brain scanner 扫描仪 to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person s feeling of fear 可知选 C 49 B 词义猜测题 根据第六段 We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear 可知 我们已经发现了一个重 要的机制 使心脏和大脑 对话 以此来改变我们的感情和减少恐惧 故选 B 50 A 推理判断题 根据最后一段 we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder 可推出 选 A C8C8 2013 天津卷 5 B B Last night s meteor 流星 shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers According to Gabe Rothschild Emerald Valley s mayor people gathered in the suburbs of the city carrying heavy telescopes expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead My family was so frustrated admitted town resident Duane Cosby We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing but it turned out to be a huge disappointment Astronomers scientists who study stars and planets have been complaining about this problem for decades They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution This population consists of birds bats frogs snakes etc For example outdoor lighting severely affects migrating 迁徙的 birds According to the International Dark Sky Association 100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers Countless more animal casualties 伤亡 result from the use of artificial lighting Clearly people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans too They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a person s chances of getting cancer Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution For years Flagstaff Arizona has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory Similar efforts have been made worldwide and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them so that other creatures can share the night 41 It happened last night that A the city s lights affected the meteor watching B the meteors flew past before being noticed C the city light show attracted many people 6 D the meteor watching ended up a social outing 42 What do the astronomers complain about A Meteor showers occur less often than before B Their observation equipment is in poor repair C Light pollution has remained unsolved for years D Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting 43 What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4 A Birds may take other migration paths B Animals living habits may change suddenly C Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced D Animals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting 44 Lighting regulations in Flagstaff Arizona are put into effect to A lessen the chance of getting cancer B create an ideal observation condition C ensure citizens a good sleep at night D enable all creatures to