上海市英语中考复习专项训练：阅读理解（三） 说明议论类B卷

第 1 页 共 20 页 上海市英语中考复习专项训练 阅读理解 三 上海市英语中考复习专项训练 阅读理解 三 说明议论类说明议论类 B B 卷卷 一 一 阅读理解阅读理解 共共 1010 题 共题 共 8282 分分 1 8 分 阅读下面的短文 完成相关任务 In the Charles F Johnson Elementary School in New York there is a special radio It gives people warnings about bad weather One day there came a sound from the radio This sound brought the piece of news a heavy storm was coming William Tomic principal 校长 of the school asked teachers to bring children indoors and put them in a safe place at once Minutes later the storm came However because of the warning of the radio and the quick work of the principal no one was hurt The radio really did work very well A 我们对它的工作感到很满意 William Tomic said The parents were happy as well The U S government hopes there will be more such successful stories It plans to give this kind of radio to all 97 000 public schools in the country Every year more than 10 000 big thunderstorms 2 500 floods 1 000 tornadoes 龙卷风 and some hurricanes 飓风 take place in the U S so the warning radios are very useful They not only give people warnings about bad weather but also give warnings about other dangerous things 1 What does the special radio give people 2 Why was no one hurt in the school in the storm 3 请翻译短文中 A 处所给汉语 4 请把短文中画线的句子译成汉语 5 请给短文拟一个恰当的英文标题 2 8 分 阅读理解 In 1945 six planes and 17 men disappeared without a sign all in one day This was Flight 19 Flight 19 s captain was Lieutenant Charles Taylor Flight 19 was a usual flight It took off at 第 2 页 共 20 页 about 2 10 p m from Miami The weather was very normal on that December 5th of 1945 It was never spoken directly to after its going down A message was received at 4 00 p m that told about pilot Taylor not knowing the way to go because his compass 指南针 was running around After that it was never heard from again While searching for it a search plane was also lost The search for the both continued until December 10th of that same year None of the things from Flight 19 s planes or from the search plane was ever found It is one of the most infamous disappearances Searching for Flight 19 lasted five days and covered 380 000 square miles Dr Kripke suggests a vortex 涡流 may have been involved 牵涉 in the disappearance of Flight 19 1 How many planes were lost in 1945 A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 2 In this passage the underlined word pilot means A 飞行员 B 乘客 C 宇航员 D 空姐 3 People received a message after Flight 19 took off A two hours B half an hour C an hour D a hundred and ten minutes 4 Perhaps made the Flight 19 disappear 第 3 页 共 20 页 A the weather B a storm C a vortex D a creature 5 From the passage we can infer 推断 A people haven t found Flight 19 B people are still searching for Flight 19 C two planes were lost while searching for Flight 19 D people found something from the missing planes 3 6 分 1 What can we know about sweet potatoes from the passage 第 4 页 共 20 页 A Sweet potatoes were first found in Africa B The family of sweet potatoes includes yams C Sweet potatoes are from American countries D Sweet potatoes are closely related to lilies 2 From the passage we know that A sweet potatoes have a history of 5000 years B Columbus was the first to find sweet potatoes C white potatoes are cheaper but more valuable D sweet potatoes often cause health problems 3 Sweet potatoes are good to people because they are rich in A fat B vitamin A C sugar D Beta Carotene 4 8 分 阅读理解 Choose the best answer My favorite area in Britain is a country called Northumberland in the north east of the country I like it because it has mountains the sea and history The mountains are not very high In China you would probably call them hills rather than mountains as they are less than 1 000 meters high but there is something wild about these mountains you get a feeling of space and freedom You can walk for miles without meeting another person Northumberland is full of history There are seven castles some of them were ruined and the others still there as they were centuries ago You can find graves going back to prehistoric 史前 的 times and strange carvings on rocks which nobody understands The coast line is dramatic too with beautiful sandy beaches These beaches are rarely crowded because the weather is unpredictable 第 5 页 共 20 页 and the North Sea is very cold People don t go for seaside holidays to Northumberland because of the cold sea and weather so even in high season there aren t many tourists There is an island called Holy Island off the coast of Northumberland you can get to the island by car or on foot when the tide is out There is also one castle I particularly like It is a 14th century castle which stands on a cliff right by the sea The castle is almost completely ruined but it looks dramatic and romantic because you can still see the gate and two of its owners On a summer s day you can lie on the beach nearby and let your mind wander as you look at this dream like castle On a winter s day you can walk to the castle and watch the waves crash into the cliff wondering how this castle has stood so long against the forces of nature I once said to a friend of mine that I thought this castle by the sea was the most beautiful place in the world She laughed and said there must be many more dramatic places in the world In one way I m sure she s right but for me it s not just about what a place looks like it s about what it says to you 1 In China people probably call them mountains which are 1 000 meters high A less than B nearly C more than D almost 2 How are the seven castles in Northumberland A They are modern and fantastic B They are all complete and magnificent C Some hasn t changed at all for centuries D Some are full of strange carvings 3 Not many people visit the beautiful beach because of A the soft sands 第 6 页 共 20 页 B the cold sea and weather C the warm sea D the island nearby 4 Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the reason why the author likes the 14th century castle A It was built in the 14th century on a cliff right by the sea B It looks very dramatic and romantic with two towers but no gate C The author can let his mind wander as he looks at this dream like castle D The author can walk to the castle and watch the waves crash into the cliff 5 From the last paragraph in the passage we know A the author s friend agreed on his opinion about the castle B the author doesn t think there are many more dramatic places in the world C the author s friend pays no attention to the beautiful scenery D what the author cares is not only the scenery but also the feeling he can get from it 6 You can get the passage from the following materials EXCEPT A science fiction B journals C newspapers D magazines 5 10 分 In America when people say man s best friend they don t mean another person Instead they are talking about a lovely animal a dog These words show the friendship between people and animals Dogs and other pets can give joy to people s lives Some people even leave all their money to their pets when they die 第 7 页 共 20 页 Animals can help people too You can teach dogs to be the eyes for blind 失明的 people or ears for deaf 聋的 people Scientists have found that pets help people live longer They make people happier too Because of that they bring animals into hospitals for visits Americans have Be Kind to Animals Week in the first week of May There are many pet shows during the week Even if you don t live in America you can also show your love to animals How First think about how animals make your life richer 更丰富 If you have a pet take more time this week to play with it Remember to give it nice food If you don t have a pet be kind to animals around you For example if you see a street dog don t kick it Just leave it alone or make friends with it If others around you do bad things to animals try to stop them As people we must protect 保护 animals because they can t speak for themselves 1 From the sentence Some people even leave all their money to their pets when they die we know that A pets also like to get money B money can make pets happy C it s the best way to spend money D some pets are as important to their owners as their children 2 According to the passage scientists bring the dogs to hospital because A they are ill and they need to see the doctor B they can make the sick happier C they can help the doctor find out the problems D all the doctors like them 3 Which of the following is NOT true A Dogs can help people in many ways B Dogs can help people live happier C Dogs can help people make everything 第 8 页 共 20 页 D Dogs can make people s lives richer 4 What is the main idea of the passage A Animals are man s good friends B Dogs are too noisy C Pets are lovely and needn t care and protection D We have done a lot of things for pets 6 8 分 根据短文理解 选择正确答案 C It is 40 meters long and 6 meters wide This must be the biggest bus you have ever seen It can carry 1 200 to 1 400 people It is China s new Super Bus It is going for a test run in Beijing at the end of this year Some other cities are also interested in running the Super Bus They hope it can solve traffic problems The Super Bus runs along fixed tracks 固定轨道 The bus sits on top of two 2 2 meter tall legs The legs have wheels at one end Small cars can drive under the bus so the Super Bus does not take up road space The bus runs on electricity and solar power It can travel up to 60 km every hour Its creator Song Youzhou says it can reduce a lot of traffic jams 堵塞 The Super Bus can do the work of 40 buses In that way it can save 860 tons of fuel 燃料 every year according to Song To build a Super Bus and its track costs less than building subways Subways are nearly ten times more expensive to build Song said Some people worry that the Super Bus may not be safe However Song says there s no need for concern The Super Bus has laser scanners 激光扫描仪 between its legs The scanners make sure the cars keep a safe distance 第 9 页 共 20 页 1 The Super Bus can carry people A 1 300 B 1 500 C 1 700 D 1 900 2 All the following are the advantages 优势 of the Super Bus except that A the bus doesn t take up road space B the bus can do the work of 40 buses C the bus is very easy to build and drive D the bus can save a lot of energy every year 3 According to Song it s safe for small cars to drive under the Super Bus because A the bus is tall enough B the road is wide enough C there are scanners between its legs D the bus travels at 60 km per hour 4 We can guess that Song s purpose for building the bus was to A take the place of small cars B solve traffic problems C increase the speed D reduce car accidents 5 This passage is mainly about A the normal bus 第 10 页 共 20 页 B the small car C the subway D the Super Bus 7 8 分 阅读下面材料 从题中所给的 A B C D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 B Rules are everywhere When you re reading at the library playing basketball on the playground or driving on the road you will have to follow some rules But do you know about any rules on a plane If you re on a plane in America you may find the following rules Exit Seat 紧急通道位 Criteria If you are sitting in an exit seat read the information 信息 below You must Be older than 15 years old and healthy enough to give help Be able to speak read and understand English well Be able to find a safe way from the emergency exit 紧急出口 Be able to help others away from the plane You must not Travel 旅行 with a pet such as a dog Travel with someone that needs special care such as a child If you cannot meet the criteria 标准 ask crew members 工作人员 to move you to another seat You do not have to say why just say I do not want to sit in an exit seat 1 The passenger sitting in an exit seat A must be under 15 B needn t speak English 第 11 页 共 20 页 C must be healthy enough D needn t help others 2 If you are sitting in an exit seat you can NOT A travel with a friend B bring a pet with you C read Exit Seat Criteria D move to another seat 3 This piece of Exit Seat Criteria may appear A on the playground B on a train C on the road D on the plane 4 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word meet in this passage is probably A 遇见 B 符合 C 相信 D 开会 5 What s the best title 题目 for the passage A Rules on a plane B A trip to America C How to help others on a plane D Special care on a plane 第 12 页 共 20 页 8 8 分 阅读理解 CHICAGO Have you ever worked on your laptop computer with it sitting on your lap heating up your legs If so you might want to rethink that habit from now on Doing it a lot can lead to toasted skin syndrome 症状 an unusual looking spotted skin condition caused by long term heat exposure 暴露 according to medical reports In one recent case a 12 year old boy from California developed a skin discoloration on his left lap after playing computer games a few hours every day for several months He recognized that the laptop got hot on the left side however he did not change its position Swiss researches reported in an article published Monday in the journal Pediatrics Another similar case is a Virginia law student who needed treatment for the spotted darkening on her leg Dr Kimberley Salkey who treated the young woman learned the student spent about six hours a day working with her computer placed on her lap As Dr Salkey later learnt the temperature under the laptop could reach 51 degrees That case from 2007 is one of 10 laptop related cases reported in medical journals in the past six years The condition can also be caused by overuse of heating pads 垫子 and other heat sources that usually aren t hot enough to cause burns It s generally harmless but can also cause such permanent 永久的 skin darkening In very rare cases it can cause damage leading to skin cancers said the Swiss researchers Drs Andreas Arnold and Peter Itin from University Hospital Basel They do not mention any skin cancer cases linked to laptop use but suggest to be safe placing a carrying case under the laptop if you have to hold it on your lap Dr Kimberley Salkey said that under the microscope the affected skin is similar to skin damaged by long term sun exposure Major producers including Apple and Dell warn against placing laptops on laps or exposed skin for long periods of time because of the risks for burns In the past toasted skin syndrome has happened to workers whose jobs require being close to a heat source including bakers and glass blowers and in people who gathered near hot stoves to stay warm Dr Anthony J Mancini chief at Children s Memorial Hospital in Chicago said that it s unlikely that computer use would lead to cancer since it s so easy to avoid close skin contact 接 第 13 页 共 20 页 触 with laptops 1 According to the passage toasted skin syndrome can be caused by all the following EXCEPT A being close to a heat source or hot stoves B long period of direct contact to hot laptop C using one s laptop with a carrying case D overuse of heating pad and other heat sources 2 The underlined word discoloration in the 2nd paragraph refers to A spot B darkening C sunburn D heat 3 It can be learnt from the passage that laptop users A should avoid close skin contact with laptops B are likely to develop a certain kind of cancer C have known much about the harm of laptop heating D should go to see the doctor at once 4 Some computer producers warn against placing laptops on laps for long periods of time because of A the risk for burns B the risk of dropping C the risk of breaking 第 14 页 共 20 页 D the protection of back bone 9 10 分 Collecting Barbie Dolls is a favorite hobby of many women and girls throughout the world Since Barbie first appeared 出现 at the American International Toy Fair in 1959 she has become the most popular doll in the world Many collectors of Barbie Dolls collect the dolls just for fun They often collect some dolls they like or think are special However there are some serious collectors They have hundreds of dolls and spend almost thousands of dollars each year Many Barbie collectors not only collect the dolls but also collect items 部件 of the dolls Many collections include different items of Barbie s fashion clothes If you become a serious collector of Barbie Dolls you will be likely to want to join a Barbie collectors club The more you know about Barbie and her history the more you want to grow your collections No matter which kind of collector you are casual 随意的 or serious Barbie dolls can be a fun and interesting hobby for girls and women of all ages 1 How many years of history do Barbie Dolls have A More than eighty years B About one hundred years C Less than ten years D About fifty years 2 What does the word include mean in Chinese A 包括 B 酝酿 C 生产 D 分配 3 Which of the following is NOT right about the serious collectors of Barbie Dolls 第 15 页 共 20 页 A They have great interest in Barbie Dolls B They sometimes even collect items of Barbie Dolls C They spend much money on Barbie Dolls D They don t like Barbie Dolls from America 4 What do we know from the passage A Barbie Dolls first appeared in England B Casual collectors may just collect Barbie Dolls for fun C Collectors collect items in order to repair the dolls D Old people didn t like Barbie Dolls before 1959 5 What is the passage mainly about A Barbie Dolls B Different hobbies C How to repair a toy D How to be a collector 10 8 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中选出最佳选项 Everyone knows it is very easy to cook instant noodles by putting them into the boiling water and add in those MSG 味精 packets 小包 together with other food like eggs or vegetables However have you ever wondered whether this is the correct way of cooking them In order to make the noodles joined together nicely side by side it needs some form of wax coating 石蜡涂层 in order to show an attractive instant noodles in front of us However researches have shown that the layer 层 of wax coating on the noodles is quite harmful to our body and we should not eat it too frequently We should have a break of 2 3 days before we start to eat another packet of instant noodles as our body needs about 3 days to clear that layer of wax coating away from our body system Do you know the danger of having too much wax 第 16 页 共 20 页 coating stored in our stomach It will lead to CANCER if it is stored i