2017高考英语短文改错解题技巧

1 高考英语短文改错解题技巧 考点 1 名词 命题特点 本来用复数本来用复数 却用单数却用单数 改正方法改正方法 1 根据名词前的修饰限定成份根据名词前的修饰限定成份 2 根据上下文的逻辑关系根据上下文的逻辑关系 详解 1 She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success 2 After class we become stranger at once 3 They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I ll get marks in all my subject 4 On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful 5 There are advantage for students to work while studying at school 6 He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests 7 I looked at his other hands 考点 2 代词 命题特点 1 女性代词指代男性或相反 女性代词指代男性或相反 2 单数指代复数 单数指代复数 3 代词词性误用 代词词性误用 改正方法 联系上下文的逻辑关系 代词的错误特点 1 人称代词的偷换错误人称代词的偷换错误 2 缺少人称代词的错误缺少人称代词的错误 3 人称代词数的一致问题人称代词数的一致问题 4 人称代词格的一致问人称代词格的一致问 题题 详解 8 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home 9 I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei 10 It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain The three of them were very excited 11 Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as Iwas learning to express me in simple English 12 One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher 13 Some students may also save up for our college or future use 14 I took it in me and we walked 考点 3 介词 命题特点及改正方法 介词涉及搭配错误 因此可从以下方面确定错误 1 介词的基本用法 介词的基本用法 2 习惯搭配 习惯搭配 3 动词词类确定错误 如 动词词类确定错误 如 talk serve wait 等 等 介词的错误 介词短语常常考 固定搭配要记牢 介词后边跟宾语 结合语境细推敲 详解 15 We do not seem to get much time to talk about together 16 I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow 17 The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English 18 We ll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner 19 I am writing to thank you with your kind help 20 He was looking for a glass the cupboard 2 21 Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life 考点 4 时态 命题特点及改正方法 现在时与过去时的误用 句中一般没有时间状语 每年都考 要注意联系上 下文 着眼于整个语篇的时态 通常整篇都是过去 突然一个句子用现在时 其中又以一般现在时通常整篇都是过去 突然一个句子用现在时 其中又以一般现在时 和过去时互改为多 和过去时互改为多 详解 22 They did not want me to do any work at home they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that 23 The time passes quickly Evening came 24 She liked it very much and reads it to the class 25 I don t know that they don t like to talk with me Sometimes we talked to each other very well in class 26 I will write again and send you the photos we take together 27 We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B B hotel ago 考点 5 and but or 误用及前后不一致 命题特点 主要考查 and or but so 等并列连词的误用 等并列连词的误用 However 与与 although though 不能同不能同 时出现时出现 改正方法 1 根据句意确定误 2 根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误 详解 28 She is smiling at me but nodding at me 29 It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest 30 The food was expensive and the service was good 31 I came into the living room and saw one of them jus tgo through the kitchen door but turn on the light 32 We fed monkeys visiting temples and told stories 33 She liked it very much and reads it to the class 考点 6 从句连词 命题特点及改正方法 句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等 解答这类题从 以下方面来思考 1 句子结构是否完整 成份是否冗缺 句子结构是否完整 成份是否冗缺 2 复合句中从句的关系词或引导词的运 复合句中从句的关系词或引导词的运 用是否得当等 用是否得当等 平行结构常使用等立连词平行结构常使用等立连词 and but or 或连词词组或连词词组 not only but also either or neither nor 遵循就近原则 遵循就近原则 主语主语 With together with as well as besides 动词与主语一致 动词与主语一致 and but or also 前后动词时态不一致 前后动词时态不一致 具有对称性 具有对称性 详解 34 It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain 35 I don t know that they don t like to talk with me 36 The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English 37 What things are in other homes I wonder 38 Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please 3 39 They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning 考点 7 冠词 命题特点及改正方法 英语中冠词只有三个 只能从以下几个方向出题 1 不定冠词 不定冠词 a 和和 an 互改 互改 2 不定冠词 不定冠词 a 或或 an 和定冠词和定冠词 the 互改 互改 3 根据需要增删冠词 根据需要增删冠词 详解 40 As everyone knows it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals 41 We may be one family and live under a same roof but 42 On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to doover a weekend 43 I hope you ve had pleasant journey home 考点 8 形容词和副词 命题特点及改正方法 主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 1 根据 adj 或 adv 的基本用法确定错误 2 修饰连系动词或名词用形容词 修饰连系动词或名词用形容词 3 修饰行为动词 形容词 过去分 修饰行为动词 形容词 过去分 词及整个句子用副词 词及整个句子用副词 详解 44 I would describe myself as shy and quietly 45 There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes 46 Finding information on the Net is easily 47 So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned 48 My pronunciation was terribly 49 They came back lately and had some tea 考点 9 非谓语动词 命题特点改正方法 1 谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用 2 动词不定式和动名词的错用 3 现在 分词和过去分词的错用等 详解 50 Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please 51 My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education 52 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English 53 We fed monkeys visiting temples and told stories 54 Some students may also to save up for our college or future use 短文改错口诀 动词动词形 名词名词数 还要注意形和副形和副 非谓语非谓语 细辨别 习惯用法习惯用法要记住 句子成分多分析 逻辑错逻辑错 误误须关注 冠词连词冠词连词常光顾 详解 一 动词形 主要包括两类错误 动词的时态和语态错误 以及主 谓不一致的错误 动词形常见 错误 1 一般过去时与一般一般过去时与一般 现在时错用 现在时错用 2 第三人称单数形式错用 第三人称单数形式错用 第三人称单数 第三人称单数 Is was 2 and but or also 前后动词时态不一致 前后动词时态不一致 具有对称性 具有对称性 4 4 主谓不一致 主谓不一致 5 缺少谓语动词缺少谓语动词 1 主谓宾结构主谓宾结构 缺少缺少 be 动词动词 2 主系表结构 主系表结构 am is are was were 6 主动语态与被动语态错用主动语态与被动语态错用 wash is washed 7 Used to 的运用错误的运用错误 二 名词数 指名词单 复数形式的用法错误 常表现为将名词复数写成单数常表现为将名词复数写成单数 改正方法 根据名词前的修饰限定成份 根据上下文的逻辑关系 根据名词前的修饰限定成份 根据上下文的逻辑关系 三 还要注意形和副 注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法 这也是高考短文改错题的常 考点 命题特点及改正方法 主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 根据主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 根据 adj 或或 adv 的基本用法确定错误 修饰系动词的基本用法确定错误 修饰系动词 am is are was were 或名词用形容词 修饰行为动词 形或名词用形容词 修饰行为动词 形 容词 过去分词及整个句子用副词 容词 过去分词及整个句子用副词 四 非谓语 细辨别 这是考查最多的错误形式之一 主要有现在分词 过去分词 动名词和不定 式错误 1 不定式 不定式 to do2 动名词 动名词 doing 作主语 宾语作主语 宾语 3 and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致连接的不定式或动名词前后一致 尤其距离较远时 尤其距离较远时 4 现在分词和过去分词的区别等 现在分词和过去分词的区别等 五 习惯用法要记住 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识 其错误表现形式主要有三种 多词 少主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识 其错误表现形式主要有三种 多词 少 词和搭配错误 词和搭配错误 六 句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类 不同的语境要选择不同的词语 只有对句 子结构和成分作细致的分析 才能找出用词不当的错误 七 逻辑错误须关注 与句子的上 下文不一致 甚至相矛盾 属于逻辑性错误 如称谓上的张冠 与句子的上 下文不一致 甚至相矛盾 属于逻辑性错误 如称谓上的张冠 李戴 李戴 八 冠词连词常光顾 常考的错误形式有 连词连词 but and or 和和 so 的用法错误 以及冠词的用的用法错误 以及冠词的用 法错误等 法错误等 四不改 标点符号不改 标点符号不改 大小写不改 大小写不改 词序错误不改 不是不改 而是按错词或少词来改词序错误不改 不是不改 而是按错词或少词来改 在纲外生词不改 文中出现带汉语注释的词 在句中不可能用错在纲外生词不改 文中出现带汉语注释的词 在句中不可能用错 答案答案 1 schoolmate 改为 schoolmates 2 stranger 改为 strangers 3 subject 改为 subjects 4 picture 改为 pictures 5 advantage 改为 advantages 6 ideas 改为 idea 7 hands 改为 hand 8 his 改为 their 9 who s 改为 whose 10 them 改为 us 11 me 改为 myself 12 showed 后加 it 13 our 改为 their 14 me 改为 mine 15 去掉 about 16 去掉 at 17 去掉 was 后的 in 18 with 改为 about 19 with 改为 for 20 glass 后加 in 21 each 后加 of 22 did 改为 do 23 passes 改为 passed 24 reads 改为 read 25 talked 改为 talk 26 take 改为 took 27 have 改为 had 28 but 改 为 and 29 and 改为 or 30 and 改为 but 31 but 改为 and 32 visiting 改为 visited 33 reads 改为 read 34 noon 后加 when 35 that 改为 why 36 去掉 that 前的 in 37 What 改为 How 38 去掉 if 39 去掉 that 40 famous 前加 a 41 a 改为 the 42 a 改为 the 43 had 后加 a 44 quietly 改为 quiet 45 person 改为 personal 46 easily 改为 easy 47 as 改为 than 48 terribly 改为 terrible 49 lately 改为 late 50 allow 改为 allows 51 make 前加 to 52 talk 改为 talking 53 visiting 改为 visited 54 去掉 to 5 英语短文改错 英语短文改错 1 一 When I walked into the classroom the teacher was handing in the tests I was feeling very nervous I had studied at all at the weekend as I had thought it would be easy test I went through the test for many times but I could only answer three out from the twenty questions I did not want to fail the exam Then I put my book under my desk opening it and started looking for the answer The teacher wasn t looking at me but I copied something Suddenly I felt a hand on my shoulder The teacher caught me cheating I don t know what to say Luckily the teacher did not punish for cheating but instead gave me a second chance 二 I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei She is our monitor and one of the excellent students in our class Clever as she is but she words very hard We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor s house She called 119 immediate Ten minutes later the firemen came and put out fire Her neighbor was very thankful for her help 三 I often dream of a teacher I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls I teach them play with them but watch them growing up I am always young when I was staying with them I know there is not easy to be a teacher You have to learn in order to teach Without enough knowledges you can never learn well What is more you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him Only in this way can you be good teacher and win respect from them Though I am a student now I will work as very hard to make my dream come true 四 It is a pleasure for me to write this letter to tell how much I enjoyed my stay in your whole family last week This was my first visit to a English family At first I was worried about my poor English And when I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm smile of welcome on their faces 6 I immediately knew that everything would be all right There are many more happy memories of the week that I will keep them with me forever I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees I also like the fishing trip It was such much fun 五 I still remember my middle school life in Tianjin yet I was then in a school for students from Tibet As we were all left home at early age we met lots of problems in our daily life We had to do the washing cleaning and shopping by us However we seldom felt lonely or helplessly We enjoyed our happy life At weekends we would play basketball swimming in the pool or go for a picnic We were living in a big family We treat each other as brothers and sisters If any one of you had any difficulty in our life and study the other would help him out It has been five years when we graduated but those memories are as sweet as ever before 六 During the summer of 2001 I started read books in English mostly stories I would learn a lot of new words from these books but I had terribly problems memorizing them I had to look up to the same word many times for which was quite troublesome I realized I do need a way to remember all this vocabulary It was a great achievement for myself I started writing down words from books that I read I would come back from school and then sit for an hour and two I wrote down new words and added it to my collection By the end of last year my collection has grown to 3 000 words 七 This is a story told by my father When I was boy the most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring Festival My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes One time I just couldn t wait for the Spring Festival dinner As I was about take a piece from a cooked duck I saw Grandma in the kitchen looking at me Shake her head she said It isn t a good time to do that dear At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started You know that was a dinner we had waited for several month 八 There are advantage for students to work while study at school 7 One of them was that they can earn money For the most part students working to earn money for their own use Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as if they please They would have to ask their parents for money or for permission to do things by the money Some students may also to save up for our college or future use 九 Dear Mr Brown I am writing to thank you with your kind help Before you came to teach us I had not interest in English My pronunciation was terribly I could only speak a few words But one and a half year later I now think English fun to learn I got a lot of from your encouraging words I will always remember what you said If you try to you can be No 1 I hope you ve had pleasant journey home and will come to China again sometimes in the future I will write again and send you the photos we take together Yours sincerely Li Min 十 Dear friends It is real a good chance to have met all of you here We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the English Club Although we have been member for a short period of time we have made a great progress That is because we are all very much active and the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful Besides the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interested I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future Thank you 8 专练专练 1 答案答案 1 第一行 in 改为 out 第二行 had 后加 not 第三行 easy 前加 an 去掉 for 第四行 from 改为 of 第五行 opening 改为 opened answer 改为 answers 第六行 but 改为 so 第七行 don t 改为 didn t 第八行 punish 后加 me 2 第一行 who s 改