十篇翻译费下载.doc

哈尔滨商业大学英语专业口译课程技能实习记录李斯琦英语102-10201011310252口译课程技能实习记录1、 旅游业The main temple, the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, is a lofty cone-shaped wooden structure joined together entirely by wooden bars, laths, rafters, and brackets without the use of iron or bronze. This brilliant example of ancient Chinese architecture measures 38 m in height and 30m in diameter. Set with deep blue glazed tiles, the roof is crowned at the top with a huge golden ball. Its triple eaves, diminishing in size as they mount upward, are supported by 28 massive wooden pillars. The four central columns, called the“Dragon Well Pillars,”represent the four seasons. Surrounding these four, there are two rings of 12 columns each; the inner ring symbolizes the12 months and the outer, the 12 divisions of day and night; and the pillars of the inner and the outer tings together stand for the 24 solar terms of the traditional Chinese calendar. It was in this hall that the emperors of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties prayed for good harvest every years on the 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar.South of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is the Circular Mound Altar, a three-tiered circular marble terrace enclosed by marble balustrades on each tier. The upper terrace is 90 ft wide, and the base is 210 ft across. The platform is laid with marble slabs in nine concentric circles, and everything is arranged in multiples of the number nine .Every year on the winter solstice sacrifices were offered at the altar by the emperor who, surrounded first by the circles of the terrace and their railings and then by the horizon ,seemed to be in the center of the universe.(P5,现代汉译英口译教程，吴冰，外研社，2011)主庙祈年殿是一座高耸的圆锥形木制结构的建筑，它完全由木条，板条，椽和斗拱构建而成，丝毫没有利用铁和青铜。祈年殿高38米，直径30米，是古代中国极好的例子。房顶覆盖着深蓝色的琉璃瓦，最顶部有一个大金球。它的三重檐，高度越高尺寸越小，由28个结实的木制台柱支撑着。中央的四个柱叫做“龙井柱”，代表四个季节。环绕着这四个柱子还有两圈、各12个柱子；里圈的12个柱子象征着12个月，外圈的12个柱子象征着十二个时辰；里外圈的24个柱子共同代表着中国传统历法的二十四个节气。每年的阳历正月十五，明代（13681644）和清代（16441911）的皇帝正是在这个大堂里祈年。祈年殿的南面是圜丘坛，一个三层的环形大理石平台，每层都围绕着大理石扶杆。上层大理石90英尺宽，底层大理石210英尺宽。平台铺着有9个同心圈的大理石板，所有的物品都以9的倍数排列。每年冬至皇帝都要在坛里放入牺牲，他站在由平台，栏杆，地平线包围的中心，似乎是站在了整个宇宙的中心。2、 农业Chinas township enterprises started form making handicrafts and processing agricultural products and by-products. They have flourished since 1978, becoming the mainstay of Chinas rural economy. Today township enterprises are involved in-industry, agriculture, transportation, construction, commerce and the catering trade. They produce a wide variety of goods and a considerable percentage of these products are exported.In1999,the industrial added value realized by township enterprises stood at 1,737 billion yuan (US$209.2 billion),or 50% of the countrys total, and the export value totaled, 774,4 billion yuan (US$93.3 billion), accounting for 40% of the national total,The rapid development of township enterprises has helped to meet Chinas need to find work for surplus rural labor. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, China has 47,0 million rural laborers, among whom 160 million are surplus. As township enterprises can attract rural laborers form the agriculture sector to industrial and service sectors, the pressure on limited arable land is eased. They have also helped to build small towns as an essential step to urbanization. In the past 20 years, nearly 20,000 new towns have appeared in Chinas countryside to accommodate 170 million residents.The Chinese government has worked out a series of policies and regulations, including the Law on Township Enterprises promulgated in 1997, to encourage and support the development of township enterprises. At the same time, departments concerned have set up special information networks and websites to provide the township enterprises with policy, market and e-commerce information. (P229,现代汉译英口译教程，吴冰，外研社，2011)中国的乡镇企业起源于制造手工艺品和生产农副产品。它们自从1978年开始蓬勃发展，逐渐成为中国农村经济的支柱。现在乡镇企业包括工业、农业、运输业、建筑业、商业和餐饮业。他们生产了各种各样的产品，而且相当多的产品都被出口。1999年，乡镇企业实现的工业增加值达到人民币17370亿元（美元2090亿），达到国家工业总额的50%，总出口值人民币7744元（美元933），占国家出口总量的40%。中国乡镇企业的迅速发展帮助满足了农村剩余劳动力寻求工作的需求。据农业部获悉，中国有4亿74万农村劳动力，其中1亿64万是剩余劳动力。因为乡镇企业能吸引农村劳动力从农业部转向工业部和服务部，所以有限的耕地的压力得以减缓。乡镇企业也有利于作为城市化的关键一步的小城镇建设。在过去的20年里，中国的乡村有将近2000个新城镇涌现出来，容纳了1亿7千万的居民。中国政府制定了一系列的政策法规来鼓励和支持乡镇企业的发展，其中包括1997年颁布的乡镇企业法。同时，相关部门也建立了专门的信息网页和网站来提供乡镇企业的政策、市场和电子商务信息。3、工业记者从中国航天科工集团获悉，12月2日，长征三号火箭搭载嫦娥三号卫星成功发射，中国航天科工一院自主研制的自动测控设备出色地完成了运载火箭测量、远距离测发控任务。据介绍，航天科工一院研制的地面测控设备是为长征三号运载火箭系统研制生产的远距离测发控系统VXI自动测控设备，主要用于完成测量系统远距离地面供配电控制及测试任务，具备对箭上遥测、外安系统供配电控制、模拟信号控制、状态参数采集、模拟量参数采集以及数据存盘、处理和网络传输等功能，完成运载火箭的地面测试、各项试验及靶场飞行测试，为运载火箭的维护和成功发射提供了重要保障。（光明日报，第23319号，05版）The reporter learned from China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation that in December 2nd, the long March NO.3 rocket carrying the Goddess NO.3 succeed in launching satellites. the automatic measure equipment developed by CASIC finished the carrying rocket measure and long distance control.It is introduced that the measure and control equipment is a long distance measure and control system used for the long march No.3 carrying rocket . It mainly used for long distance land electric measure and control ,it capable of controlling analog signal ,selecting the data state, data saved and disposed and network transmission, and finishing the land measure of the carrying to rocket. It provides an important guarantee to the carrying rockets maintain and successful launch. 4、经济连续14个月位于临界点以上，中国制造业采购经理指数PMI表明，中国经济正处于稳定增长区间。尽管外部环境没有明显改善，但受贸易便利化措施的利好影响，出口企业信心有所上升；进口指数上升则表明我国消费市场活跃。随着消费旺季到来，国内消费市场仍被看好。12月1日，国家统计局服务业调查中心和中国物流与采购联合会发布的中国制造业采购经理指数PMI显示，11月中国制造业PMI为51.4%，与上月持平，为2012年5月以来的高点，连续14个月位于临界点以上。数据显示，构成制造业PMI的5个分类指数“两升三降”：生产指数为54.5%，比上月略升0.1个百分点，连续5个月回升，为2012年5月以来的最高点。新订单指数为52.3%，比上月回落0.2个百分点。原材料库存指数为47.8%，比上月下降0.8个百分点，继续位于临界点以下。从业人员指数为49.6%，比上月回升0.4个百分点，升至8个月以来的最高点。供应商配送时间指数为50.6%，比上月回落0.2个百分点，继续高于临界点。（国际商报，第221期，A1版）As continually 14 months above critical point, PMI indicates that Chinas economy is in an interval of stable increase .Although there is no distinctive improvement on the externalities, but owing to trade convenience, export enterprise is on raising; the increase of the import index indicates Chinas consumer market is active. As the hot season is coming, the domestic consumer market still appears good.The data indicates, the five group index number which composed manufacture PMI”two rises and three drops” : the production index is 45.5%, increase 0.1 percent point than last month, continuously pick up for 5 months ,up to the peak of May in 2012. The new order index is 52.3%, drop 0.2 percent point.Material stock index is 47.8%,drop 0.8 percent point from last month ,still under the critical point. Employee index is 49.6%,increase 0.4perecent point than last month, up to the peak in the eight month. Supplier distribution index is 50.6%,drop 0.2 percent point than last month,still above the critical point.5、贸易Foreign trade has been an important channel for China to participate in international economic cooperation and competition .The NBS(National Bur of Statistics) reports indicate that the country has made significant achievements in terms of foreign trade during the last three decades. Its total import and export value soared to $2.17 trillion in2007 form $20.6 billion in 1978, growing 104 fold in three decades. China had jumped to the third place in world trade in 2004, a position it currently retains, form 32nd place at the beginning of the reform and opening-up policy.The NBS reports also indicate that China had trade deficits during most of the years from 1978 to 1993. But since 1994, the country has been enjoying annual trade surpluses with ever-increasing values, boosting Chinas foreign exchange reserves to the largest amount in the world.On July 1, 2004,Chin began to implement the newly revised Foreign Trade Law. This Law transformed the 50-year-old system of examination and approval for foreign trade into a registration system; and it has made clear regulations on the import and export of goods and technology, international trade in services, the maintenance of foreign trade order and the protection of intellectual property rights in foreign trade, etc., so as to accelerate its development. (P241,现代汉译英口译教程，吴冰，外研社，2011)外贸是中国参与国际经济合作与竞争的一项重要渠道。国家统计局的报道指出在过去的60年里中国凭借外贸取得了非凡的成就。外贸进出口总额从1978年的206亿达到2007年的2.17兆亿，在30年内翻了104翻。2004年，中国的外贸总额跃居世界第三，这个位置是从改革开放开始时的第32逐渐达到的。国家统计局的报告也指出中国在1978年到1993年之间大多数年份中都处于贸易逆差中。但是自从1994年以来，中国一直保持持续增长的贸易顺差，这使中国的外贸储备成为了世界最强。2004年7月1日，中国开始执行了最新修订的外贸法。这个法律变50年来的外贸审批制为外贸登记制；而且它在货物进出口与技术进出口，国际服务贸易，对外贸易秩序的维持，以及与对外贸易有关的知识产权保护等方面都制定了明确的制度，以便加速对外贸易的发展。6、教育The new Zhejiang University is the largest comprehensive university in China with the most complete range of subjects. It is under the direct administration of Chinas Ministry of Education. The University was established September 1998 on the basis of the amalgamation of four universities, namely, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou University, Zhejiang Agricultural University and Zhejiang Medical University.The Universitys fields of study cover almost all branches of learning ever taught in China now, with the single exception of military science. The areas are philosophy, literature, and medicine. The University now has 112 specialties for undergraduate studies, and it is authorized to confer masters degrees in 317 programs and doctoral degrees in 283 programs. There are 14 National Key Laboratories, two National Engineering Research Centers, three National Engineering Technology Centers and three National Key Research Bases of Humanities and Social Sciences under its administration. Besides, it has set up 35 national key specialties and 43 post-doctor stations.The Universitys five campuses cover a total area of 5.18 square kilometers and a floor space of 2,000,000 square meters. The campuses are all located in the garden city of Hangzhou.At present, the total number of full-time students is over 39,000,including 22,900 undergraduates, 9,500 postgraduates studying for masters degrees and 6,600 Ph.D. Candidates. Apart form 1,700 foreign students, there are also nearly 37,000 students taking courses in degree and non-degree programs in adult education. Some adult classes are offered for those who are released form work for study. (P49,现代汉译英口译教程，吴冰，外研社，2011)新浙大是中国学科门类最齐全的最大的综合性大学。它被中国教育部直接管理。新浙大建立于1988年9月，由四所院校合并而成，分别是浙江大学、杭州大学、浙江工业大学和浙江医药大学。新浙大学科的领域几乎包括中国现阶段教授的所有学科，工业科学学科是唯一的特列。这些领域包括哲学、文学、历史、教育学、科学、法学、管理学、工科和理科。新浙大现在本科学习阶段有112个专业，且在317个专业上授予硕士学位，在283个专业上授予博士学位。有14所国家主要实验室，两所国家工程研究中心，三所国家工程技术中心，三个国家人类学和社会科学主要研究基地在新浙大的管理之下。另外，新浙大还建立起了35个国家重点专业和43个博士点。新浙大的五所校园占地面积为5.18万平方千米，房屋面积为200万平方米。所有的校园都位于杭州的花园城市。现在，全日制的学生总数已经超过39000人，包括22900本科生，9500研究生得到硕士学位，6600博士候选人。除了1700外国学生，还有将近37000学生参加成人教育的学位课程和非学位课程。一些成人课程是提供给那些脱产学习的人的。7、环保The Chinese government now puts environmental protection at a more important strategic position. This provides a foundation for environmental protection work aiming at implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development and development of a socialist harmonious society. Environmental protection is facing unprecedented opportunities. The shift of economic growth mode and accelerated economic restructuring will provide a good foundation for addressing structural and regional environmental pollution and Ecological destruction. Increasing national strength provides a strong physical and technical support to environmental protection. Deepening reform of economic system and administrative institutions creates a good condition for the innovations in environmental protection work. Improvement of public environmental awareness is a driving force for environmental protection. There is a big change in the relationship between the environment and development. Environmental protection has become a key task for modern development. Environmental capacity becomes an important base for the design of regional layout. Environmental management becomes an important tool for structural adjustment. Environmental standard becomes an important market access and environmental cost becomes an important factor for the pricing mechanism. All these major changes tell us that environmental protection in China is entering the sage where in can optimize economic growth. So we have both challenges and opportunities, difficulties and hopes. (P304,现代汉译英口译教程，吴冰，外研社，2011)如今环境保护在中国政府有了更为重要的战略性地位。这为目的在于推进科学发展观和社会主义和谐发展的环境保护打下了良好的基础。环境保护正面临着前所未有的机会，经济增长模式转型和加速经济结构重组能够为解决结构性区域性环境污染问题和生态破坏问题提供良好的基础。国家投入的增加为环境保护提供了强大的物理上和技术上的支持。经济体系和管理制度的深入改革为环境保护的创新工作提供了良好的条件。提高公众的环保意识是保护环境的驱动力。环境和发展的关系发生了很大的变化。环境承载力成为了区域规划计划的重要依据。环境标准成为了一项重要的市场入口。环境投入成为了定价机制的重要因素。所有这些主要变化都告诉我们中国的环境保护正进入优化经济发展的阶段。所以，我们既有挑战也有机会，既有困难也有希望。 8、外交在与中国国家主席习近平会面后，美国副总统乔拜登今天说，美中关系取决于信任和对彼此动机的正面认识。两位领导人都没有公开提及因空域争端引发的严重冲突，该争端令中国与美国及其亚洲盟友处于对立状态。拜登说，这两个大国之间的关系将对21世纪的进程产生重大影响。当记者在会议结束之际获准短暂进入会场时，拜登说，如果美国和中国能正确处理两国关系，将带来无穷潜力。拜登在会议结束后说：“复杂的关系需要高层之间的持续接触，这就是我为什么来这里。”此次会议比预定时间晚结束了一个小时。拜登的讲话没有提到任何有关美国对中国新设防空区的担忧。习近平本人说，美中关系今年开局良好，且总体保持良好的发展态势。但他说，地区和全球形势正在发生变化，越来越多的显著挑战和地区热点问题不断涌现。习近平说，世界并不安宁，而美中对维护和平肩负重要责任，加强对话与合作是两国唯一正确选择。（参考消息，第20018期，第1版）Today meeting with Chinas chairman Xi,American vice president Joe Biden said, the relationship between American and China depends on trust and the correct understanding of each others motivation .Neither of the two leaders mention conflicts caused by the airspace dispute ,which make Chinese and American with their Asia allies in an oppose situation.Biden said, the relationship of the two states will make great influence on progress of the 21st century .At the end of the meeting, when reporters were allowed to enter, Biden said, there are endless potential if the two states can deal the relationship well.After the meeting, Biden said: “complex relationship needs leaderscontinued contact, that is why I come here.” The meeting end one hour later than the dating time.Bidens words mention none about worry on Americas new air defense area to china.Chairman Xi said ,there is a good start of US-China relation, and there is a good trend. He also said, there are changes on region and global situation, more and more distinctive challenges and region problems are constantly emerging.9、体育1997年世界杯十强赛失利后，中国足协请来霍顿。霍顿对于中国足球而言，可以说是扮演了“启蒙者”的角色。他在传授各种基础理论的同时，还传达了这样一个信息：“世界大赛，超过1/3的进球都源于定位球！”这给当时尚不熟悉世界足球的中国教练很大启发。随后的1998年世界杯佐证了霍顿的说法。根据国际足联的1998年法国世界杯赛技术统计报告，在171个进球中，定位球进球62个，占进球总数的36.3。但随着世界足球运动的不断发展，霍顿在上个世纪末传授的理论已明显落伍了。特别是在欧洲足坛，几乎每一两年就会出现技战术方面的重要变革。纵观现代足球的发展，一个不争的事实是：世界足坛的定位球得分率整体呈下降趋势。然而中国足球并未与时俱进！（体育论坛，总第2751期，A08版）After the fail of the 1997 world cup ten strong match, the Chinese football association invited Horton .At that time Horton for Chinese football can be said to be the role of the “enlightenment”, he taught various theories, and he conveyed a message: world series, more than one-third of the goals from set pieces! Which gives a deep inspiration of Chinas coach, who are not familiar with the world football at that time.Following the World Cup of 1998, Horton claim was proofed. According to the FIFA World Cup in France in 1998 statistic report, in 171 goals, sc