八年级英语Chapter Six Newspaper沈阳牛津版

初二英语初二英语 ChapterChapter Six Six NewspaperNewspaper 沈阳牛津版沈阳牛津版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 一 教学内容 Chapter Six Newspaper 二 具体过程 二 具体过程 一 虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式 用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实 而是一种假 设 愿望 怀疑或推测 用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 用 if 条件从句表示的虚拟条件 是虚拟条件最普通的方式 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设 其 if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式 be 一般用 were 主句用 would should could might 动词原形 例如 If I were in your position I would marry her 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设 if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即 had 过去分词 主句用 would should could might have 过去分词 例如 If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况中的一种 但并不排除存在于条件和结果中 一个和现在情况相反 另一个和过去情况相反 例如 If you had followed what the doctor said you would not have been so painful now 这个句子在高中出现频率颇高 但是 如果结果用了虚拟语气 而条件却用陈述语气 这种用法是错误的 1 虚拟语气用在简单句中 表示祝愿 命令 May you be happy 祝你幸福 May you have a good time 祝愿你玩得痛快 May the friendship between us last long 祝愿我们的友情天长地久 Have a good journey 祝愿你旅途愉快 You go out 你出去 2 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中 动词 wish suggest order insist propose 等词后面的宾 语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望 要求 I wish she would be on my side 我希望她能站在我这一边 I wish I could help him 我希望我能帮助他 He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿 动词 demand suggest order insist propose 后面的从句中 should 可以省略 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了 He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves 他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服 3 虚拟语气用在主语从句中 在句型 It is important necessary strange natural that 中 that 后面的从句中的 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 It s necessary that we should have a walk now 我们有必要出去散散步 It s natural that she should do so 她这样做是很自然的 It s important that we should take good care of the patient 重要的是我们要照顾好病人 4 虚拟语气用在状语从句中 虚拟语气多用于表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中 在表示与事实相反的虚拟 语气时 动词有三种时态形式 即现在 过去和将来 与现在事实相反的 条件从句 结果从句 If I we you he they 动词过去式 If I he she were I we should 动词原形 He you they would 动词原形 与过去事实相反的 条件从句 结果从句 If I we you he they had 过去分词 I we should have 过去分词 He you they would have 过去分词 If I were you I should buy it 如果我是你 我就买了它 If I had time I would study French 如果我有时间 我会学习法语的 If she knew English she would not ask me for help 如果她懂英语的话 她不会找我帮忙 的 If you had got up earlier you could have caught the train 如果你早一点起床 就会赶上火 车的 If it were fine tomorrow I would go shopping 如果明天天气好 我就去买东西 有关虚拟语气的几个问题 1 有时 if 引导的状语从句可以省略 if 而把从句中的动词 were had 或 should 移到 主语前面 Were she younger she would do it 如果她年轻点 她就会干的 Had he known her address he would had gone to visit her 如果他知道她的地址 他会去看她的 2 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略 而只剩下一个主句或者一个条 件从句 I could help you 我本来可以帮助你 If I had time 我要有时间该多好啊 She should have come to the party 她应该来参加聚会 If he had much more money 如果他有更多的钱 3 虚拟语气中 条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致 If they had studied hard they could do it easily now 如果他们以前努力学习的话 现在干的就会容易些 If he had not taken my advice he wouldn t do it much better like this 如果他不听取我的建议 他就不会干得这样好 二 状语从句 由从句担任的状语 在句子中可修饰谓语 或其它动词 形容词 副词或是整个句 子 它可以用来表示时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 条件 方式 比较 让步等 状语 从句是一较大的语法项目 也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点 高考中已考查了时 间 让步 地点 条件 目的等状语从句 这些从句仍是今后高考的热点 应作充分准备 同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视 1 时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由 when as while whenever after before till until since once as soon as 或 the moment by the time no sooner than hardly scarcely when every time 等引导 e g When I came into the office the teachers were having a meeting He started as soon as he received the news Once you see him you will never forget him No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep 2 原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的 引导这类从句的最常用的连词是 because since as now that 既然 等 for 表示因果关系时 它引导的不是从句 为并列连词 语气不如 because 强 e g He is disappointed because he didn t get the position As it is raining I will not go out Now that you mention it I do remember 3 地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是 where 和 wherever 等 e g Sit wherever you like Make a mark where you have a question 4 目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词 组 是 so so that 从句谓语常有情态动词 in order that in case 以防 以免 等 e g Speak clearly so that they may understand you She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons He left early in case he should miss the train 5 结果状语从句 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句 通常主句是原因 从句是结果 由 so that 从 句谓语一般没有情态动词 so that such that 等引导 e g She was ill so that she didn t attend the meeting He was so excited that he could not say a word She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her 6 条件状语从句 条件状语从句分真实性 有可能实现的事情 与非真实性 条件与事实相反或者在说 话者看来不大可能实现的事情 条件句 引导条件状语从句的词 组 主要有 if unless so as long as on condition that so as far as if only if 注意 条件从句中的 if 不能用 whether 替换 e g If he is not in the office he must be out for lunch You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean So far as I know 据我所知 he will be away for three months You can go swimming on condition that if you don t go too far away from the river bank If he had come a few minutes earlier he could have seen her 7 让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由 although though as even if though however whatever whether or no matter who when what 等引导 注意 as 引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的 e g Though he is a child he knows a lot Child as he is he knows a lot Whatever No matter what you say I ll never change my mind 8 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由 as as if though the way rather than 等引导 e g You must do the exercise as I show you He acted as if nothing had happened 9 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用 than so as as the more the more 等引导 e g I have made a lot more mistakes than you have He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford The busier he is the happier he feels 10 使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题 1 在时间和条件 有时也在方式 让步等 从句中 主句是一般将来时 从句通常 用一般现在时表示将来 e g We ll go outing if it doesn t rain tomorrow I ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai 2 有些时间 地点 条件 方式或让步从句 如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致 或不一致 是 it 从句的谓语又包含动词 be 就可省略从句中的 主语 be 部分 e g When he was still a boy of ten he had to work day and night If you are asked you may come in If it is necessary I ll explain to you again 3 注意区分不同从句 引导的是什么从句 不仅要根据连词 还要根据句子结构和句句子结构和句 意意来判别 以 where 为例 能引导多种从句 e g You are to find it where you left it 地点状语从句 Tell me the address where he lives 定语从句 句中有先行词 I don t know where he came from 宾语从句 Where he has gone is not known yet 主语从句 This place is where they once hid 表语从句 三 agree 的用法 agree 后面接介词比较复杂 常见用法有 1 涉及讨论的题目用 about They never agree about politics 关于政治问题 他们总是意见不一致 2 要确定一样事情用 on Can we agree on a date for the next meeting 我们能不能为下次会议确定一个时间 3 涉及一个建议或计划用 to He s agreed to our suggestion about the holiday 他已经同意我们关于假日的计划了 4 涉及意思 想法 分析 解释以及涉及人的时候用 with They might not agree with his opinions 他们可能不同意他的意见 5 agree 后可接动词不定式或宾语从句 We agree to leave at once 我们同意马上离开 agree 一般常用口语用法 1 I can t argue with you about that 我无法与您争辩那件事 2 You can say that again 您说的对极了 3 You took the words right out of my mouth 您已说出我心里的话 4 I was about to say the same thing 我正想提出同样的看法 5 I couldn t agree with you more 我十分同意您的看法 注意 上列类似用语 I couldn t agree with you more 按字面翻译为 我无法再更加同意您 了 实则表 我对您极表同意 注意这是固定句型 助动词必须用 couldn t 而不可用 can t 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 45 分钟 一 选择 1 The teacher demanded that the exam before eleven A must finishB would be finishedC be finishedD must be finished 2 She made the demand that the journalists at once Iraq A leave for B leave to C left to D to be left for 3 He is talking so much about America as if he there A had been B has beenC wasD has gone 4 The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free A did set B had done should be set C should do be set D had done must be set 5 I suggested there be a kind of language all could understand and use A can it B C would it D may 6 The suggestion has been made the basketball game put off A for to B that be C which should beD to being 7 The order came that the medical supplies to Beijing for the Sars soon A would be sent B should send C be sent D must be sent 8 It is important that we wild animals A will protect B should protect C shall protect D are protecting 9 Had you listened to the doctor you all right now A are B were C would be D would have been 10 any change about the date please tell me immediately A Will there be B Should there be C There will be D There should be 11 today he would get there by Friday A Would he leave B Was he leaving C Were he to leave D If he leave 12 Should it rain the crops A would be saved B would have been saved C will be saved D had been saved 13 You come earlier The bus left a moment ago A wouldB should have C mayD have 14 He treated me as though as if his own son A I am B I would be C I was D I were 15 I you some money but I hadn t any on me then A would lend B would have lent C could lend D may have lent 16 A few minutes earlier and we the rain A have caught B had caught C could have caught D were to catch 17 Have you ever been to Beijing No but I wish I A haveB willC doD had 18 I m glad I went over all my notes otherwise A I may have failed B I d fail C I d have failed D I ll have failed 19 What will you do during the summer holiday I don t know but it s high time something A I m deciding B I ll decide C I decided D I decide 20 What should we do if it tomorrow A should snow B would snow C snow D will snow 21 If only I my watch A hadn t lost B haven t lost C didn t lost D don t lose 22 You such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice A may not make B might not make C shouldn t have made D might not have made 23 We the work on time without your help A hadn t had finished B didn t have finished C couldn t have finished D can t have finished 24 Where have you been I got caught in traffic otherwise sooner A I would be here B I have been here C I had been here D I would have been here 25 If it were not for the fact that you ill I would ask you to do this right now A wereB had been C are D should be 二 填入适当的引导词 1 I haven t heard from him he went to America 2 He won t be here he is invited 3 He will not go to the cinema he is very busy 4 We found the key she had left it 5 We found the books two days he had gone away 6 We had no sooner got to the station the train left 7 He speaks English he were an Englishman 8 He is explaining clearly they could understand 9 Do not leave the room you have finished the test 10 She sang she went along 三 改错 1 The children were running on the playground as fast as they can 2 Since her husband had died so she had to support her family 3 He won t go out until his mother will come 4 He was very foolish that he didn t pass such an easy exam 5 Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home 6 It was three months since he came to our school 7 The playground of our school is larger than their school 8 The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai 9 Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain the fields are green 10 She sings songs as if she is a bird 四 找出从句并指出是哪类从句 1 It depends on whether we have enough time 2 The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored 3 The mountain is no longer what it used to be 4 The fact that she works hard is well known to us all 5 He was not the man that he was before 6 Now you was free why not go swimming with us 7 Where there are schools and colleges there are examinations 8 Bad habits once firmed are difficult to give up 9 She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does 10 The moment he opened the window a bird flew in 五 填入适当的引导词完成句子 1 will do the experiment comes to the professor s office 2 will do the experiment hasn t been decided 3 The teacher didn t leave twelve o clock 4 the day went on the weather got worse 5 she is young she knows quite a lot 6 It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey 7 You will be late you leave immediately 8 Go and get your coat It s you left it 9 is mentioned above the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing 10 had I entered the room the phone rang 六 改错 1 Is this the watch for which he is looking now 2 This is all which I can do for you 3 Do you know the old man at the back of the room whom has been chosen head of the factory 4 I want to