高中英语 模块五第三单元语法讲练 牛津版必修5

用心 爱心 专心1 单单 元 元 UnitUnit 3 3 ScienceScience VersusVersus NatureNature 板板 块 块 语法 语法精讲语法精讲 动词的 ed 形式 过去分词 一 构成和用法 1 过去分词是动词非谓语形式的一种 v ed 在句中作状语 定语 表语 宾语补 足语 例如 1 作状语 Interested in the stories as they were interested in her stories they gave Tracy Wong 15 000 advance 因为对她的小说感兴趣 他们预付 了 Tracy Wong 一万五千美元 The boy sat at the table buried in his lessons and he was buried in his lessons 那位男孩坐在桌前 埋头做功课 2 作定语 The first mammal cloned from an adult cell that was had been cloned from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep 第一个用成年细胞克隆的哺乳 动物是克隆羊多莉 The name mentioned in the letter which was mentioned in the letter was unknown to me 信里提到的名字我不熟 3 作表语 We were surprised to find that the window was broken 窗子破了 4 作宾语补足语 He found it hard to make himself understood 他发现很难使 自己被理解 问题 由上例 斜体部分 你能看出过去分词有什么特点 结论 a 过去分词 常常 表示 被动 含义 b 作状语和定语时 多数是由相应的从句转化而来 2 下面的例子中过去分词不表示被动 The ground is covered with fallen leaves 地上铺满了落叶 At present China is still less developed than most of western countries 目 前中国还没有多数西方国家发达 Eating boiled eggs will do you good 吃煮鸡蛋对你的身体有好处 问题 斜体部分的动词有什么共同点 结论 fall 掉 落下 develop 发展 boil 煮 等动词在上例中是不及物动词 不及物动词是不能表示被动的 它们的过去分词形式只表示 完成 过去 3 过去分词的否定 not never 等 要放在过去分词前面 如 Not given enough time I had to give up halfway 由于没有给我足够的时间 我 只得中途放弃 4 修饰分词的副词一般置于分词的前面 如 Greatly encouraged by the story we are determined to do our best for the country 在这个故事的鼓舞下 我们决心全心全意为祖国服务 5 过去分词还可以与其它词组成合成形容词 1 副词 过去分词 well educated 受过良好教育的 ill treated 受到恶劣对 待的 overused 被滥用的 homemade 家制的 2 名词 过去分词 hand made 手工制作的 man made 人造的 3 另外还有 形容词 或名词 名词 ed 的形式 Kind hearted 心地善良的 用心 爱心 专心2 absent minded 心不在焉的 warm blooded 温血的 二 形容词化的过去分词与现在分词 有些动词的过去分词和现在分词已经变成了形容词 这类动词的往往与人的心理感受 有关 如 amaze 使吃惊 amazed amazing excite 使兴奋 excited exciting please 使满意 pleased pleasing thrill 使紧张 thrilled thrilling 等 这类过去分词表示 感到 的 having the feeling of 表示人的感受 例如 The public was shocked at his intention to clone a human 公众对他克隆人的 意图感到震惊 The disappointed parents gave a wry smile 感到 失望的父母苦笑了笑 流露出 的 showing the feeling of 用来形容人的 表情 眼神 等 常修 饰象 look expression eye 等名词 如 The audience wore a bored look on their faces 听众脸上挂着厌烦的表情 现在分词则表示 令人 感到 的 giving the feeling of 主要修饰表示事 物的名词 但也不尽然 如 The result is disappointing 结果令人失望 They rejoiced at the exciting news 他们对这令人兴奋的消息欣喜若狂 试比较 the disappointed boy 感到 失望的男孩 意思是说这个男孩感到失望 the disappointing boy 令人失望的男孩 意思是说这个男孩令人失望 因此 在特定的语境中要多加推敲 三 图解分词 分词各种形式的比较 在多数情况下 现在分词表示 主动 进行 的含义 过去分词表示 被动 完成 的含义 如果是 被动 但又是 进行 那么就用 现在分词的被动式 现在分词的被动式 一般用作定语 如果是 主动 但又是 完成 那么就用 现在分词的完成式 现在分词的完成式 用作状语 如下图 现在分词的被动式 the bridge being built 正在 被 兴建的桥 主动 进行 现在分词 the workers building the bridge 正在建桥的工人 被动 完成 过去分词 the bridge built 已 被 建成的桥 现在分词的完成式 Having built the bridge the workers were allowed some days leave 建完了桥后 1 What did the librarian out of the library 用心 爱心 专心3 A permit to take B forbid to be taken C allow to take D insist being taken 2 Mum why do you give me so much popcorn the boring time A Kill B Killing C To kill D Having killed 3 What Yang Liwei wanted to do when he got out of the spaceship was the joy with all the Chinese A share B shared C having shared D about to share 4 When she was alone at home Mary needed a friend A playing with B having played with C with whom to play with D with whom to play 5 the big snake the little girl stood under the tree out of life A Seeing frightened B Seeing frightening C Seen frightened D To see frightening 6 Could you give me a hand from a car please A to carry the shopping B for carrying the shopping C and carrying shopping D carrying the shopping 7 Every minute must be made full use of our lessons for the college entrance examination is coming A going over B to go over C go over D our going over 8 Who did the teacher have an article for the wall newspaper just now A written B writing C write D to write 9 a boy of ten he started working to support himself 用心 爱心 专心4 A Being B When still C Because of D While 10 It is worth much is worth doing A doing it B what to do C do what D to do what 11 There is always the chance the weak the strong A of defeating B about defeating C of winning D of to defeat 12 She is looking forward as much to his return as he himself to her A have seen B seeing C see D be seen 13 There are ten waiting rooms at the newly built station in all 20 000 people A seating B seated C sitting D to seating 14 If he added enough time I would certainly have done it better A to give B I was given C given D to be given 15 Can t you take a few days off from work to go with me to New York Sure my way and I will be glad to A Pay B If you pay C To pay D Paying 16 the answer Tom who asked the question still stood with his hand A Giving raised B Given raised C Given risen D Giving rising 17 Shall we go swimming Ok I ll just go and get A to change B myself changed C changed D to be changed 用心 爱心 专心5 18 Would you do me a favor I regret I am busy just now A to say B saying C having said D to have said 19 I have no one me for I am a new comer here A help B helping C to help D to have helped 20 The building in our school is for us teachers Though there s noise most of the day we still feel happy about it A built B having been built C to be built D being built 21 There s what the weather will be like tomorrow A no knowing B not known C not knowing D no known 22 You part in the party on time Sorry I was delay by the accident A are to take B have supposed to take B were to have taken D supposed to take 23 with the size of the whole earth the highest mountain doesn t seem high at all A When compared B To compare C While comparing D It compared 24 in her best suit the girl tried to make herself at the party A Dressed noticed B Dressing noticing C Dressed noticing D Dressing noticing 25 The matter your study surely requires carefully A relating to dealing with B related to dealt with 用心 爱心 专心6 C related to being dealt with D relating to having dealt with 26 Everything into consideration they believed themselves more and returned to their positions A to take B taken C to be taken D taking 27 What do you think of the plan It s easier said than A carried out B carrying out C carry out D to carry out 28 Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum 博鳌论坛 because they knew what from the forum A to get B to be got C got D getting 29 There was a famous person at the party whom everyone would like to themselves A to introduce B to be introduced C introducing D being introduced 30 Were you at home last Sunday Yeah I devoted the whole day to the English grammar A review B reviewing C be reviewed D being reviewed 31 Prices of daily goods through a computer can be lower than store prices A are bought B bought C been bought D buying 32 John returned to school from his hometown A The summer vocation being over B The summer vocation is over 用心 爱心 专心7 C Because the summer vocation over D After the summer vocation being over 33 she can t come who will do the work A Supposed B Supposing C Having supposed D Being supposed 34 Is there anything you want from town No thank you But I would like to get A those letters mailed B mailed letters C to mail those letters D those letters mail 35 After the guests left she spent as much time as she could the rooms A tidy up B to clear away C clear away D tidying up 36 it or not this dictionary has shocked everyone in scientific circles A Believe B To believe C Believing D Believed 37 To tell you the truth I d rather read than watch TV the programs seem all the time A to get worse B to be getting worse C to have got worse D getting worse 38 After the Arab states won independence great emphasis was laid on education with girls as well as boys to go to school A to be encouraged B encouraging C encouraged D be encouraged 39 Everyone had an application form in his hand but no one knew which office 用心 爱心 专心8 A to send it to B to send it C to be sent to D to have it sent 40 The foreign tourists have visited many scenic spots in Shanghai as interpreter A the guide acts B the guide acting C acting D acted 41 Linda is thought to in Africa but I really don t know what country she is working in A have worked B work C be working D be worked 42 time and labor cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb A To save B Saved C Saving D Having saved 43 money if you can and many poor children in the poor mountainous areas will be able to go back to school A Having given B Given C To give D Give 44 Whatever trouble Mr White had with the case he would stick to his own opinion A deal B to deal C dealt D dealing 45 the distance was too long and the time was too short we decided not to drive to Florida A Discovering B To discover C To have discovered D Discovered 46 What surprised me most was that there appeared a look on her face on hearing the unexpected news A worrying B worried C worry D worries 47 If you go to the West Lake in Hangzhou you will find it more attractive 用心 爱心 专心9 than commonly A supposing B to suppose C supposed D being supposed 48 Haven t you seen the sign NO PHOTOS I m really sorry I didn t A reads B to read C read D reading 49 nice and delicious the fried chicken was soon sold out A Tasted B Being tasted C Tasting D To taste 50 The plan is heard so well that we don t have to make any changes It is indeed A to design B designing C designed D design 51 The woman found it no good her daughter too much money A giving B being given C given D gave 52 Her dress has become loose She appears weight A to lose B being lost C losing D to have lost 53 I find these problems are easy A to be worked ou