2011年高考英语 经典实用 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修1

必修必修 1 1 UnitUnit 5 5 NelsonNelson MandelaMandela a a modernmodern herohero 要 点 梳 理高效梳理 知识备考 重点单词 1 quality n 质量 品质 性质 2 active adj 积极的 活跃的 actively adv 积极地 activity n 活动 3 devote vt 与 to 连用 献身 专心于 devoted adj 忠实的 深爱的 devotion n 奉献 4 found vt 建立 建设 5 principle n 法则 原则 原理 6 peaceful adj 和平的 平静的 安宁的 peace n 和平 7 legal adj 法律的 依照法律的 illegal 反义词 8 hopeful adj 怀有希望的 有希望的 hopeless 反义词 hope n fight for against 4 equal vt 等于 抵得上 adj 相等的 胜任的 n 同等 相等的人或物 equality n 平等 A equals B in A 在 方面比得上 B be equal to n doing sth 等于 与 相等 有 的能力 勇气 力量等 胜任 能干 be without equal have no equal 无与伦比 即学即练 4 1 He equals me strength but not intelligence 他和我力气相当 但智力不同 2 Are men equal women physical strength 在体力上男人和女人相同吗 3 She did not feel equal visitors 她觉得自己不适合接待来客 4 Yao Ming is a basketball player in China 在中国 姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员 in in to in to receiving without equal 5 escape vi 逃脱 逃走 vt 避免 免除 n 逃跑 逸出 出口 escape from 从 逃脱 逃走 escape n doing sth 避免 做 某事 a narrow near escape 死里逃生 fire escape 太平梯 安全梯 安全出口 即学即练 5 1 The bird has its cage 小鸟已从笼中逃掉了 2 Is the gas somewhere 是不是有地方漏气 3 How can we escape 我们怎样才不会被人发现 4 His name me for the moment 我一时想不起他的名字来 escaped from escaping observation being observed escapes 6 reward n 报酬 奖金 vt 酬劳 奖赏 rewarding adj 报答的 有益的 值得的 as a reward for 作为 对某事的 报酬 奖赏 in reward of 为酬谢 作为奖励 reward sb for sth doing sth 为 做 某事而报答某人 reward sb with sth 用某物奖赏某人 即学即练 6 1 It s virtue 那是对美德的回报 2 I don t expect anything I did it because I enjoyed it 我不指望得到什么报答 我做这件事只是因为我喜欢干 3 They the boy 5 bringing back the lost dog 他们给了那个男孩五英镑 酬谢他把走失的狗送回来 a reward for in reward rewarded with for 7 out of work 失业 out of business 破产 歇业 out of control 失控 out of repair 失修 out of order 有毛病 out of date 过时 out of one s reach 够不着 out of danger 脱险 out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能的 out of patience 失去耐心 out of temper 发脾气 out of mind 心不在焉 即学即练 7 1 谚 眼不见 心不念 离久情疏 2 He s been for six months 他已经失业六个月了 3 It is that he will be admitted into key universities 他能考上重点大学是不成问题的 Out of sight out of mind out of work out of question 8 in trouble 处在困难 麻烦中 表状态 get sb into out of trouble 使 某人 陷入 摆脱困境 表动作 ask look for trouble 找麻烦 make trouble 闹事 捣乱 have trouble in doing sth 做某事有麻烦 take the trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦地做某事 put sb to the trouble of doing sth 麻烦某人做某事 即学即练 8 1 My friends always help me out when I am 有麻烦时 2 Don t mention my name or you ll 给我惹麻烦 3 They 费心地 find the right person in trouble get me into trouble took great trouble to 9 lose heart be discouraged 气馁 灰心 泄气 lose one s heart to sth devote oneself to sth 把身心投入到 lose one s heart to sb fall in love with sb 喜欢 即学即练 9 1 It is said that the team lost the game simply because the team leader 据说这个队比赛输了就是因为队长丧失了信心 2 Don t all will turn out well 不要失去勇气 一切都会好起来的 lost heart lose heart 拓展 put one s heart into 把全部心思放在 have sth in one s heart 把 放在心上 have one s heart in sth 对某事有兴趣 set one s heart on upon sth 渴望 热衷于某事 learn by heart 记住 背诵 take heart 振作精神 鼓起勇气 10 turn to 求助于 致力于 turn away 拒绝 不准某人入内 turn around 转身 turn down 拒绝 调小 turn in 上交 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn out 赶出 证明是 结果是 turn over 翻身 翻转 turn up 露面 出现 开大 即学即练 10 1 Nobody seems to understand I don t know who to 似乎没人懂这个 我不知道该向谁求助 2 Paul alcohol to try to forget his problems at work 保罗借酒消愁 想忘掉工作中的问题 3 The job than we thought 这份工作结果比我们想像的更难 4 Why did she your invitation 她为什么拒绝你的邀请 turn to turned to drinking turned out to be harder turn down 11 set up 设立 建立 即学即练 11 写出下列各句中 set up 的意思 1 They set up a notice on the wall 2 They set up a committee to investigate the matter 3 Chinese athletes set up quite a few new world records in the 15th Asian Games 张贴 建立 创 纪录 拓展 set about 开始做 着手 set aside 使分离 留出 拔出 不理会 set back 推迟 阻碍 set down 记下 写下 规定 set off 引起爆炸 动身出发 引起 set out 动身出发 开始 陈述 陈列 重点句型详解 1 only then did we decide to answer violence with violence 只有到那时我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力 only 修饰的时间 条件和方式状语 为了强调而提到句首时 句子要用部分倒装形式 把原句中的情态动词 系动词或助动词提到主语前面 only 如修饰 从句而提到句首 主句要部分倒装 Only at that time did he realize that he had made a mistake 直到那时他才意识到自己犯的错误 Only by practising a few hours every day will you be able to master English 只有通过每天练习几个小时你才能掌握英语 Only with all your time and energy can you do the job well 只有用上你全部的时间和精力你才能把这项工作做好 Only when I came back was I informed of the news 直到我回来 我才被通知这个消息 Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to college 我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上大学 提示 1 在部分倒装句中 如果谓语部分无助动词 则须找助动词来 帮助 它构成倒装句 如 Only after the war learned he the sad news Only after the war did he learn the sad news 2 only 修饰状语从句时 从句不可倒装 如 Only when did he return did we find out the truth Only when he returned did we find out the truth 3 only 修饰主语时 句子不可倒装 如 Only can he answer the question Only he can answer the question 即境活用 1 2008 江苏 you eat the correct food be able to keep fit and stay healthy A Only if will you B Only if you will C Unless will you D Unless you will 解析 only if 从句 放于句首 主句用部分倒装 答案 A 2 I felt bad the first time I talked to a group 第一次给旅行团作讲解时 我的感觉很不好 the first time 相当于连词 引导一个状语从句 意为 第一次 这类特殊短语还有 1 each time every time next time last time any time 等也可以做连词用 表示 无论何时 每当 每次 等 引导一个时间状语从句 Every time we come to Beijing we go to visit the Forbidden City 每次我们去北京 我们都去参观故宫 I didn t have any penny last time I saw you 上次我看见你时 我身无分文 2 immediately directly instantly 可活用为连词 引导时间状语从句 表示 一 就 相当于 as soon as The young man rushed out of the hall immediately he heard the sound 那个年轻人一听到声响就冲出了大厅 3 the moment the minute the second the instant 等名词短语也可用做连词 也相当于 as soon as 表示 一 就 The moment Professor Wang appeared on the platform the audience all stood up and clapped warmly 王教授一出现在讲台上 听众就站起来热烈鼓掌 4 the morning afternoon evening the night the day the week the year the spring summer autumn winter 等一些表示时间段的名词短语也可 以引导时间状语从句 The morning Mr Smith was walking along the lake he met an old friend 那天早晨史密斯先生在湖边散步时遇到了一位老朋友 即境活用 2 I toured Zhangjiajie I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery A For the first time B At first C It was the first time D The first time 解析 the first time 用做连词 引导时间状语从句 答案 D 易 错 点 拨自我完善 误区备考 1 reward award prize 1 reward 指对某人的服务或工作等的报答 也指因帮助警察抓住罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的奖金 酬金 2 award 指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励 往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的多少 3 prize 多指在各类竞赛 竞争或抽奖中所赢得的 奖 奖品 应用 1 1 She received a medal as a for her courage 她得到一枚奖章 作为对她勇敢的奖赏 2 A was given to the person who had the winning number 奖品给了那个获得中奖号码的人 3 He won the for the best student of the year 他获得本年度优秀学生奖 reward prize award 2 名词短语或副词做连词 引导时间状语从句 应用 2 1 Betty shows great interest in this poem now but she thought it boring she read it A at the first time B the first time C for the first time D at first 答案 B 解析 the first time 第一次时 引导时间状语从句 2 My sister came she got my short message A exactly B especially C directly D simply 答案 C 解析 directly as soon as 一 就 引导时间状语从句 3 He left Europe World War broke out A the year B in the year C during the year D for the year 答案 A 解析 the year 在 这一年 引导时间状语从句 高 效 作 业自我测评 技能备考 单词拼写 1 He was made 董事长 of the club 2 He is the sort of man to be trusted because he always lives up to his 原则 3 His effort was 回报 with great success 4 Most children in cities are better 教育 than those in the countryside 5 He was 判刑 to death president principle rewarded educated sentenced 6 She cried in t when she saw a snake 7 Black people are born e to the whites so they should share the same rights as them 8 This company is more concerned with q than with quantity 9 He is s and he is always thinking of himself 10 In my o we should put off the sports meeting terror equal quality selfish opinion 单项选择 1 As matter of fact beauty of nature there made an excellent impression on me A a the B a the the C the the D a the 答案 A 解析 考查冠词 as a matter of fact 实际上 事实上 nature 指 大自然 不用冠词 2 The police roadblocks on routes out of the city to prevent the criminal from escaping A set up B set back C set down D set aside 答案 A 解析 set up 建立 设立 合题意 set back 阻碍 set down 写下 记下 set aside 留下 3 2010 临川一中 Although my opinion the old professor didn t come up with his own A in B against C for D on 答案 B 解析 考查介词用法 语意 虽然老教授反对我的观点 但是他也没有提出自己的观点 前半句是 Although he was against my opinion 的省略结构 4 Did you give the book to him Yes I gave it to him I saw him A once B the moment C while D suddenly 答案 B 解析 the moment 用做连词 引导时间状语从句 意为 一 就 5 They agreed to the plan but there were some details they didn t like A in danger B in peace C in principle D in common 答案 C 解析 考查介词短语 in principle 原则上 大体上 合题意 in danger 危险 in peace 和平 in common 和 一样 6 Courage is one of the best of a good soldier A quality B quantity C qualification D feature 答案 A 解析 指 品质 用 quality B 数量 C 资格 D 特色 特征 7 Mr Read made up his mind to devote all he had to some schools for poor children A set up B have set up C setting up D having set up 答案 C 解析 句中的 all 后面的 he had 为定语从句 此题考查动词短语 devote to 的用法 to 为介词 排除 A B 两项 set up schools 的动作并未发生 排 除 D 项 8 Fitness is important in sport but of at least importance are skills A fair B reasonable C equal D proper 答案 C 解析 be of equal importance 具有同等的重要性 9 You were lucky to escape A punished B from punishing C being punished D from being punished 答案 C 解析 escape being punished escape punishment 逃过受罚 10 2009 宜昌模拟 It is said that the police have offered a large for information leading to the robber s arrest A award B prize C reward D welfare 答案 C 解析 指 奖赏 酬金 用 reward 11 In 2009 3 88 million students graduated from colleges and universities 20 increase from 2008 some of whom remain out of work A B a C a the D the 答案 B 解析 第一空表示 一个 20 的增长率 用 a 第二空 out of work 失业 12 When great trouble you should learn to make the quick choice without someone to turn for advice A in down B in to C into up D under to 答案 B 解析 考查固定搭配 in trouble 处在困难中 turn to sb for sth 向某人请求某物 事 13 Only as an interpreter how important it was to practise speaking English A when I worked I realized B when did I work did I realize C when I work did I realize D when I worked did I realize 答案 D 解析 当 only 出现在句首修饰时间状语从句时 主句应使用部分倒装 14 The old man told us not to remain there was danger A in which B the place where C at the place D where 答案 D 解析 考查 where 引导的地点状语从句 此时不能换成 in which 相当于 at the place where in which 15 and Charles felt hopeless A Sentenced to death B As he was sentenced to death C Sentencing to death D He was sentenced to death 答案 D 解析 考查句式用法 由于有连词 and 故选 D 完形填空 When I was young I really doubted whether there was love between my parents Every day they were busy earning money so that they could 1 the high tuition my brother and I needed They didn t 2 in the romantic ways that I read in books or saw on TV One day Mom was sewing a quilt 被子 I 3 sat down beside her Mom I have a 4 here I said after a while Is there love between you and Dad I asked her in a very 5 voice Mom stopped her work and raised her head with 6 in her eyes She didn t answer immediately She bent her head and continued to sew the quilt I was 7 if I had hurt her I was in great embarrassment and I was at a loss what to do But at last she said very 8 Susan look at this 9 Sometimes it appears but most of it disappears in the quilt The thread really makes the quilt strong and lasting If 10 is a quilt then love should be a thread It can hardly be seen but it s really there 11 is inside I listened carefully but I couldn t understand her until years later One day Dad accidentally got 12 while on duty Ever since then he could no longer 13 properly Every morning and dusk Mom would help Dad walk slowly on the country road Along the country road there were beautiful flowers green grass and trees The leaves were gently glistening 14 the sun shining upon them All of these made up the most beautiful 15 in the world Dad how are you feeling now I asked him one day Susan don t worry about me he said gently I just like walking with your mom I like this kind of life Looking into his eyes I 16 what they meant The doctor had said Dad would 17 in two months But that day never came He 18 away in peace 19 I thought love meant flowers gifts and sweet kisses But from this 20 I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life which makes life strong and warm 1 A afford B cost C spend D offer 2 A go B live C act D walk 3 A happily B silently C secretly D nervously 4 A request B problem C message D question 5 A loud B light C low D clear 6 A surprise B anger C stress D horror 7 A amazed B confused C shocked D ashamed 8 A quickly B excitedly C bitterly D gently 9 A quilt B needle C thread D sewing 10 A belief B work C experience D life 11 A Warmth B Thread C Cotton D Love 12 A tired B drunk C ill D injured 13 A talk B walk C work D think 14 A with B as C for D by 15 A signs B symbols C pictures D reflections 16 A read B doubted C translated D recognized 17 A retire B recover C regain D remove 18 A passed B escaped C faded D turned 19 A Again B Once C Then D Later 20 A lesson B account C experience D accident 答案及解析 1 A 句意为 他们忙着挣钱 以便能够支付我和我的弟弟需要的高昂学费 afford 和 can could 连用表示 付得起钱或抽得出时间 2 C 句意为 他们没有按照我在书中读到的或在电视中看到的浪漫的方式做事 act 做事 行事 3 B 由于作者有一个严肃的问题想问母亲 所以她静静地坐在母亲旁边 4 D 从后文的问句可知答案从 B 或 D 中选择 考查 question 和 problem 的区别 对于让对方回答的问题要用 question 5 C 由于这个问题很严肃 所以作