2012届高考英语 专题强化复习短文改

用心 爱心 专心1 20122012 届高考英语专题强化复习短文改错及书面表达届高考英语专题强化复习短文改错及书面表达 写作试题 满分 35 分 主要考查考生书面表达能力 例如写正确句子的能力 使用精彩词 汇 短语的能力 所写文章逻辑性强的能力等 并且在有限的时间内容 快速写出好句 好文 本课程要帮助学生掌握快速写句 写文 改错的方法 强化训练一 结构 课程内容 短文改错 开放性作文 课程目标 把握改错方法 提高改错速度 课时 3 教学建议 1 训练前教师可以安排学生思考高分作文的要素 写作考商 在写作前你是否先列提纲 是否先写初稿 然后再修改 定稿 写作过程中 会注意语法使用 尤其时态的使用是否正确 会尽量避开生僻的词汇和没有把握的表达方法吗 会用简单的语句间的连接成分 使文章结构紧凑吗 是否能在高考前背诵 30 40 篇优秀范文吗 2 限时训练后 教师启发学生自查问题 欣赏范文 明确问题 3 教师可以在表达方面进行重点说明 例如一词多义 短语优先 句式多样 连词使用 4 短文改错核对答案后 教师要及时带读 巩固成果 提高语感 如果时间容许教师可当 堂安排短文背诵默写 强化正确意识 学生才会对错误敏感 5 写作限时训练后 教师要安排自查自改环节 然后再范文分析 通过范文分析反思自己 写的文段 教师也可以根据学生的问题进行即兴强化训练 例如造句 翻译练习 巩固短 语 连词等使用能力 6 教师可以根据学生情况 灵活处理所提供的素材 例如短文改错的文段改为听写 短文 翻译 中译英 等 仿真训练 1 做题时间 10 分钟 短文改错 One day while my friend and I was traveling through 1 Germany we were not very hungry but we only had a little 2 money We decided stop at a village market to buy 3 something to eat We choose the cheapest biscuits and 4 ate it under a tree We thought the biscuits were great 5 Let s got some more I said They re cheap and they 6 really taste well My friend could read some German but 7 I couldn t and I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name 8 She looked at it and started to laugh How are you laughing 9 I asked Because they re dog biscuits She said 10 用心 爱心 专心2 解题技巧点评 短文改错通常考查以下几点 1 一致性 时态 人称 数 2 动词用法 包括非谓语 动名词 分词 不定式 系动词 后接形容词 及物动词 无 需介词 直接跟宾语 或不及物动词 需加介词 再跟宾语 等 3 上下文逻辑 肯定 否定 连词等 One day while my friend and I was traveling through 1 were and 为关键词 A and B 所以谓语为复数 Germany we were not very hungry but we only had a little 2 not 考查逻辑 下文 but only a little 为关键词 money We decided stop at a village market to buy 3 to 考查动词用法 decide to do sth something to eat We choose the cheapest biscuits and 4 chose 考查时态 文章描述的是过去发生的事 ate it under a tree We thought the biscuits were great 5 them 考查代词 此处代替上文 biscuits 故用复数形式 Let s got some more I said They re cheap and they 6 get 考查动词形式 非谓语动词 不定式 Let s do sth really taste well My friend could read some German but 7 good taste 为系动词 后接形容词作表语 well 作形容词时只表示身体状况 I couldn t and I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name 8 so 考查连词 通过前后句逻辑解题 即 I gave her 是 I couldn t read German 的结果 She looked at it and started to laugh How are you laughing 9 why 考查疑问副词 通过前后句逻辑解题 I asked Because they re dog biscuits She said 10 仿真训练 2 做题时间 10 分钟 短文改错 It was a chance of a lifetime to win the first 1 prize on the Story Writing Show All I had to do 2 was to write a story or present it My teachers 3 have been telling me how great my writing was 4 So if they had said was true I would have a chance 5 of winning the prize What were better I had useful 6 help There was Uncle Chen gentleman living 7 near my house who was a very much famous writer 8 He agreed to reading my story and gave me some 9 advices on how to write like a real writer 10 用心 爱心 专心3 解题技巧点评 1 a the one s chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的机会 2 on 改为 in 考查介词 in the show 3 or 改为 and 考查连词 write 和 present 为并列关系 4 have 改为 had 考查时态 通篇文章为过去时态 此处为过去完成进行时 发生在 All I had to do 之前 5 they 前加 what 考查句子结构 if 引导的条件状语从句主语是个句子 was 是其谓语 且主语从句缺宾语 said 的内容 6 were 改为 was 考查数的一致性 代词 what 谓语动词用单数 7 Uncle 后加 a 考查冠词 living near my house 的 gentleman 因该不止一个 故 用不定 冠词 8 去掉 much very 修饰形容词 very much 修饰动词 9 reading 改为 read 考查动词形式 不定式 agree to do sth 10 advices 改为 advice advice 为不可数名词 仿真训练 3 做题时间 10 分钟 短文改错 Christie was one of my best friend at high school 1 At that time we often spend time together 2 Thank to her help I made great progress inn my 3 study Last year she decided to study abroad In 4 other words we would be separated for long time 5 Before her leaving off I prepared a gift to show 6 my best wishes to him She said it was the beat 7 gift she has ever had From then on we ve 8 kept touch with each other through e mails I 9 look forward to see her again in the near future 10 解题技巧点评 1 friend friends 考查数的一致性 one of 可数名词复数 2 spend spent 考查时态的一致性 文章开头和 At that time 都表明时间为过去 3 Thank Thanks 惯用法 thanks to sth sb 多亏了 4 5 for a long time 考查冠词的惯用法 6 去掉 off leaving 名词 动名词 离开 7 him her 考查人称的一致性 通过上文多次出现的 she 或 her 可知 Christie 是个女 孩 8 has had 考查时态的一致性 9 kept in touch 考查固定短语 10 see seeing 考查非谓语动词 look forward to 名词 动名词 盼望某事 做某 事 用心 爱心 专心4 仿真训练 4 做题时间 10 分钟 短文改错 After five years away in my hometown I find that 1 the neighborhood which I used to living in has changed 2 a lot The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop 3 across the street from our middle school were gone 4 There exist now a park that has a small river running 5 through The factory at the comer of Friendship Street and 6 Zhongshan Road has been moved out of the city and sports 7 center has been built in their place The market at the comer of 8 Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to 9 a supermarket Besides the bookstore next to our middle 10 school is still there 解题技巧点评 1 in from 此句表示离开应用 from 2 living live used to do sth 表示过去常常做某事 而现在不在做了 3 older old 这里表示 老的 旧的 不含比较级 4 were are 表示现在已经不在了 应是现在时态 5 exist exists There be 句型中的谓语动词应与 be 后面的第一个主语来决定 a park 为 单数 故谓语动词也用单数 6 正确 7 a 根据谓语是单数 此句应是 一个体育中心建成 故 sports 前加不定冠词 8 their its 指代错误 根据句意是指这个城市 应用 its 9 been 此句不应用被动结构 应用主动形式 故将 been 去掉 10 Besides But 根据句意 前 后句是转折 故将 besides 改为 but 仿真训练 5 做题时间 10 分钟 短文改错 Hi Susan I m sorry that I wasn t able to return to your 1 bike on time yesterday I mean to give it 2 back to you before four in the afternoon and I 3 was hold up on my way back Just before I4 turned corner of Park Street I happened to 5 see an accident A little girl was hurt and her 6 用心 爱心 专心5 mother needed help So I helped them going to 7 the nearest hospital I stayed here for one and 8 a half hour and made sure that the girl 9 were all right I hope you can understand 10 Thank you Li Ling 解题技巧点评 1 去掉第二个 to 考查动词用法 return 当 返还 讲是及物动词 后直接跟宾语 2 mean 改为 meant 考查时态 meant to do sth 本打算做某事 但没做成 3 and 改为 but 考查逻辑 通过前后句可看出此处表示转折 4 hold 改为 held 考查语态 be held up 5 turned the corner 考查冠词 the corner of Park Street 的拐角处 6 正确 7 going 改为 go 考查非谓语动词 help sb to do sth 不定式做宾补 8 here 改为 there 考查逻辑 the 表示 the nearest hospital 9 hour 改为 hours 考查数的一致性 10 were 改为 was 考查主谓一致 仿真训练 6 做题时间 10 分钟 短文改错 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文 请你修改你同桌的以下作文 文中共有 10 处语言错误 每句中最多有两处 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加 删除或修改 增加 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 并在其下面写出该加的词 删除 把多余的词用斜线 划掉 修改 在错的词下划 横线 并在该下面写出修改后的词 注意 1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2 只允许修改 10 处 多者 从第 11 处起 不计分 My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US which was very interested One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help As the old man looked over the thing on the yard that were to be sold he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees On the box was a card say 25 cents each You will never sell these for that much he told Nick Convinced Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece Without a moment s delay my neighhor picked up the box but announced I ll take them 解题技巧点评 My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US which was 用心 爱心 专心6 a 考查冠词 very interested One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door interesting ed 结尾的形容词表示被动或完成 ing 结尾的形容词表示主动或进行 此处说明的是 which 即 story experience 的性质 是 interest 动作的发出者 故用 ing 形式 come by to help As the old man looked over the thing on the yard that were to be came 考查时态的一致性 in 或 ground 考查介词与名词的搭配 sold he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees On the box was a card balls 考查名词 因为是 a box of 所以一定是复数形 式 say 25 cents each You will never sell these for that much he told Nick saying 考查动词形式 首先要了解此处是介 名的倒装句 通过句型还原可知动词形式应 该是 A card was saying on the box Convinced Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece Without a moment s 考查时态的一致性 down 考查逻辑 从 25 降到 10 delay my neighhor picked up the box but announced I ll take them His 考查人称逻辑 and 考查结构逻辑 仿真训练 7 做题时间 10 分钟 开放作文 请根据下面提示 写一篇短文 词数不少于 50 In your spoken English class your teacher shows you the following picture You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it 答案 用心 爱心 专心7 In the picture between two closely located buildings grows a big tree Unlike most trees this one bends in the middle struggling all the way up to get more sunshine The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions Faced with difficulties they never give up but try their best to find a way out Life can be hard But if we have the courage and determination we will finally get the sunshine we want as the tree in the picture does 解题技巧点评 开放作文的命题意图是考查考生能否比较具体地 清楚地表述自己的想法和感受的能力 鼓励考生使用细节和实例 具体说明所要表达的思想 开放作文评分标准 文章是否扣题 内容是否充实 健康 思维是否活跃 逻辑是否清晰 语言是否规范 交际是否得体 审图立意步骤 一审 图片构成 整体感觉 二审 局部与整体的关系 多角度立意 三审 优选立意 确定主题 写作步骤 1 审题 图 2 立意 3 定人称 时态 考生常见问题 1 没有涉及图的内容 2 说明部分逻辑不清 议论与说明脱节 3 没有展开议论 内容欠丰富 仿真训练 8 做题时间 10 分钟 开放作文 请根据下面提示 写一篇短文 词数不少于 50 In your English class you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it 答案 In the picture a boy is absorbed in fishing while others are leaving empty handed Finally his efforts pay off and he gets one big fish Actually there are still more fish in the water If those who are heading back could stay longer they would surely get a good catch So from the children s different behaviors we can see that success needs a person s patience because patience 用心 爱心 专心8 plays an important role in the process of achieving goals Stick to what we are doing and the gain we get will be beyond imagination just like the fish left in the pool 解题技巧点评 话题 持之以恒才能成功 审题 describe the picture 图片描写 三分之一篇幅 explain how you understand it 对于图片的理解和自己的观点 三分之二篇幅 人称 图片描述用第三人称 自己观点用第一人称 时态 一般现在时 图片信息 1 池子里有很多鱼 但是表层鱼不多 而且大小不同 可以从不同的写作角度出发 2 几个人正在离开 3 一个人坚持不走 钓到了大鱼 发散角度 恒心 毅力 写作要点 观点鲜明 积极健康 理由充分 思维独特 有创造性 写作要领 内容充实 逻辑合理 发散得当 语言正确 句式多样 词汇丰富 行文连贯 学生文选 1 From the picture we can see there is a pool in which many fish are swimming On the bank there are four teens From the tools in their hands we can infer that they all want to catch some fish Instead of waiting three of them have left because they might not want to spend more time in waiting Still a boy kept on fishing and finally he succeeds in catching a fish What I want to say is that most of us are eager to succeed while success is hard to come by It demands many qualities Patience is one of them After a long way which is full of setbacks and difficulties many people choose giving up for they can t stand waiting anymore In fact if they can become more patient they will be successful Waiting is also a test Become more patient and success will step to you 学生文选 2 There is a small pool in which there are some fish Four boys go fishing but only a boy does not give up As the other three boys go back The boy who does not give up gets a fish The boy is on his knees and excited for the fish while others go home disappointedly I am wondering that if the three boys wait for another one minute they may get fish too Sometimes if we insist we will succeed So we should not give up If we are in trouble we should believe that we can live through it Therefore do not give up and the fish is ours Never give up and we will achieve our goals Maybe this is the meaning of the picture 强化训练二 结构 课程内容 情景作文 课程目标 把握写作方法 提高写作速度 仿真训练 9 用心 爱心 专心9 做题时间 15 分钟 目前 随着环保意识的增强 越来越多的人们开始倡导低碳生活 请根据下面的图表以及 中文提示 用英语写一篇短文 简要描述全球近五十年来气候变化 并分析其产生的主要 原因 影响及解决措施 原因1 过多使用矿物燃料 2 过度砍伐森林 影响1 海平面上升 2 极端天气现象增加 3 自然平衡被破坏 措施1 控制二氧化碳排放 2 采用新型能源 注意 1 短文必须包括以上图表所表现的主要内容 2 短文单词数 100 左右 开头已给出的单词不计入单词总数 3 参考词汇 矿物燃料 fossil fuels 二氧化碳 carbon dioxide 释放 release The diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate Yours sincerely Li Hua 答案 The diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate It tells us that the global average temperature has increased by 0 8 from 17 in 1951 to 17 8 in 2001 Thus we can come to a conclusion that our earth is getting warmer and warmer As far as we know the major reason for global warming is due to human activities Firstly the use of fossil fuels by industry releases greenhouse gases Moreover cutting down forests means that less carbon dioxide can be changed back into oxygen As a consequence of global warming the sea level is rising And people are suffering more extreme weather of global warming the sea level is rising And people are suffering more extreme weather The increase in temperature is also causing much damage to the balance of nature It s high time that we should take measures to protect our earth Not only can we control the releasing of carbon dioxide but also we can be encouraged to use new energy such as solar energy In a word only in this way can we make our earth a better place for our human beings 解题技巧点评 情景作文的命题意图是考查考生能否根据 所给情景 表格 图 文字等 撰写主题明确 内容完整 语言连贯的短文能力 在考查考生的书面语言水平的同时 还考查他们的想象 能力和逻辑思维能力 考查他们能否清楚地表达试题要求表达的内容 记叙文常包含三个主要部分 开头段 多是背景的介绍 交代时间 地点 人物等 when where who 用心 爱心 专心10 主体段 讲述故事的情节 what 可以由一个或几个段落构成 结尾段 故事的结局 ending 是对全文进行归纳 总结 或思想提升 仿真训练 10 做题时间 15 分钟 目前 一些诸如 GG MM Xia Mi 等的网络语言在青少年中极为盛行 你校学生会在同学中 就对网络语言的看法进行了调查 调查结果见下面饼状图 pie chart 请根据图中信息 用英语写一篇短文 介绍同学们的看法 并表达你自己的观点 注意 1 短文的开头已为你写好 2 词数不少于 60 答案 At present Internet slang such as GG MM Xia Mi has become popular among the teenagers According to a survey conducted by our Students Union students opinions on this issue are divided Most of the students are in favor of Internet slang About 35 of the students hold the view that Internet slang is vivid and fashionable Another 33 of them enjoy its humor and intelligence And a quarter of the students believe it makes chatting on the Internet more convenient However there are 7 of the students thinking Internet slang lacks depth of thought and is too casual In addition it is hard for most people to understand and accept this kind of slang If it is used too much in a passage it may make readers confused and even cause misunderstanding In my opinion living in the Information Age if we are not familiar with Internet slang we are likely to fall behind 解题技巧点评 没有思想性 太简单 7 没有被大多数人接受 过多使用会使人不解 甚至 误解 25 使网上聊天更 快捷方便 35 生动 时尚 幽默 33 充满智慧 用心 爱心 专心11 审题 话题 网络语言 文体 对比型写作 时态 一般现在时 人称 第三人称 饼图信息要点 1 生动 时尚 35 2 幽默 充满智慧 33 3 使网上聊天更快捷方便 25 4 没有思想性 太简单 过多使用会使人不解 甚至误解 7 写作要领 要点全面 前后连贯 叙述流畅 点题准确 写作过程 注意人称 时态的正确应用 要点齐全 行文连贯 句式多样 语法正确 用词恰当 仿真训练 11 做题时间 15 分钟 假设你是李华 奥运会期间你和你的同学们参加了志愿者工作 请根据下图提示 给你的 英国笔友 Peter 写一封信 介绍你们当志愿者的经历并简单谈谈你的感受 注意 1 信的开头和结尾已为你写好 2 词数不少于 60 Dear Peter Sorry I haven t written to you for a long time I was lucky to be a volunteer in the Olympic Games I ve learned a lot from the volunteer work The 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London Would you like to be a volunteer as well Please tell me your plan in your next letter Best wishes Li Hua 用心 爱心 专心12 答案 Dear Peter Sorry I haven t written to you for a long time I was lucky to be a volunteer in the Olympic Games I ve learned a lot from the volunteer work Before the Olympic Games all of us received special training Under the guidance of the trainer we got to know what jobs we could do and what we should pay attention to During the Games some of us stood outside the stadium guiding the audience to go into the Bird s Nest with loudspeakers Some worked at the information center and offered all kinds of help Others acted as tour guides and took foreigners to some places of interest such as the Great Wall and the Summer Palace which helped them to get a better understanding of Chinese culture Being a volunteer was a valuable experience for me Not only did I help others but also I made many friends Besides I felt I could do something for our country The 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London Would you like to be a volunteer as well Please tell me your plan in your next letter Best wishes Li Hua 解题技巧点评 本文是一篇记叙文 话题是奥运志愿者活动 时态为一般过去时 人称用第一人称我们 写作要点 1 接受培训 2 引导观众入场 3 提供帮助 4 当导游 每幅图中的主要 人物都不同 说明志愿者服务是我和我的同学们共同完成的 不是我一个人完成的 所以 注意人称代词的使用 仿真训练 12 做题时间 15 分钟 北京大学 2010 年将试行有中学校长实名推荐的招生改革 被推荐的学生高考成绩可获得 30 分的加分 2009 年 11 月 16 日北大公布了 39 所具有推荐资格的中学名单 北大这一举 措在全国引起了激烈的争论 请根据以下要点给 中国日报 写一篇有关这场争论的报导 并表达你对这场争论的看法 至少两点 支持方意见反对方意见 是改革当前高考制度的大胆尝试 能确保高素质学生和有特殊才华学生进入 一流大学 促进中学重视学生的全面发展 可能导致作假 对全国许多中学不公平 给被推荐的学生加分没意义 你的看法 1 2 注意 对所给要点要逐一陈述 适当发挥 不要简单翻译 词数 100 字左右 开头已经写好 不计入总词数 参考词汇 大胆的 bold Peking University will enroll students recommended by high school principals in 2010 The recommended students will have extra 30 points added to their national college entrance exam scores Peking University s move has set off a 用心 爱心 专心13 nationwide debate 答案 Peking University will enroll students recommended by high school principals in 2010 The recommended students will have extra 30 points added to their national college entrance exam scores Peking University s move has set off a nationwide debate Some people approve of this move They think this is a bold attempt Peking University has made at reforming the current university entrance system This move provides quality students and students talented in certain subjects with an opportunity to enter first class universities and ensure that they aren t overlooked simply because of their performance in the national university entrance exam Meanwhile it will push high schools to pay more attention to the students all round development However quite a few people object to the move Firstly it may lead to cheating Secondly only 39 schools are qualified to recommend students which is unfair to so many schools across the country Thirdly there is no point giving extra scores to those recommended students for they are mostly top students and have no problem entering Peking University As far as I m concerned I m in favor of this reform As the process of recommendation is transparent cheating is impossible Besides we should support new reforms even if they are not mature 解题技巧点评 审中文信息 话题 校长实名推荐的招生改革 文体 对比型描写 连接词的应用 时态 一般现在时 客观描述他人观点 人称 第三人称 they 支持者和反对者 仿真训练 13 做题时间 15 分钟 假设你叫李华 你的美国网友 Peter 想了解你业余生活情况 请您根据以下四幅图的先后 顺序 叙述你们上周末参观首都博物馆的前后情况 注意 词数不少于 60 提示词 讲解员 guide 脸谱 a paint mask 剪纸 paper cuts 用心 爱心 专心14 答案 Our class visited the Capital Museum last week and it is one of the most impressive social practice activities since high school Last Thursday before our visit my classmates and I searched for as much information as possible through the Internet such as its location and the latest exhibitions and shows On Friday morning we gathered at the entrance at nine o clock and then a beautiful guide showed us