2012高考英语 复习资料之难点讲解大全难点6 定语从句解题的黄金规律VIP

用心 爱心 专心1 难点难点 6 6 定语从句解题的黄金规律定语从句解题的黄金规律 先行词 关系代 副 词的句法功能先行词 关系代 副 词的句法功能 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 引导 定语从句的关系代词有 who whom whose which that 等和关系副词 where when why 等 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分 难点磁场 1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week Is that the reason you had a few days off A why B when C what D where NMET1999 2 Meeting my uncle after all these was an unforgettable moment I will always treasure A that B one C it D what NMET2002 3 Alec asked the policeman he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident 上海 2002 A with him B who C with whom D whom 4 There s a feeling in me we ll never know what a UFO is A that B which C of which D what 上海 2002 5 We will be shown around the city schools museum and some other places other visitors seldom go A what B which C where D when 6 After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child A which B where C that D when NMET1996 7 Carol said the work would be done by October personally I doubt very much A it B that C when D which NMET1999 8 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play of course made the others unhappy A who B which C this D what NMET2000 案例探究 1 The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that far away village A until B that C when D where NMET2001 用心 爱心 专心2 命题意图 考查学生对定语从句的掌握 属于五星级题目 知识依托 先行词是表示时间的词 从句中缺少状语 通常用关系副词 when 错解分析 本题有一定难度 主要是由于在先行词和定语从句之间有其他的词 解题方法与技巧 首先要找准先行词 先行词 hours 表示的是时间 当先行词是表示 时间的词时 可能有 2 种情况 如果从句中缺少状语 通常用关系副词 when 如题 如果 在从句中缺少主语或宾语 通常用关系代词 that 或 which 答案 C 2 is known to everybody the moon travels round the earth once every month A It B As C That D What NMET2001 命题意图 考查学生对定语从句中关系代词 as 的用法 属于五星级题目 知识依托 as 引导非限制性定语从句 错解分析 A 项迷惑性较大 但 it 是形式主语 后应用 that 从句作真正主语 如 It s known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month 解题方法与技巧 根据题干的逗号可以判断 空缺处应填关系代词 as 引导非限制性 定语从句 在这种用法中 as 的意思是 正像 像 那样 定语从句则表达了说话人 的对某事的态度和看法 答案 B 锦囊妙计 1 由 who whom whose 引导的定语从句 这类定语从句中 who 用作主语 whom 用 作宾语 whose 用作定语 例如 This is the man who helped me The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu 2 which 引导的定语从句 which 在从句中作主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语 例如 This is the book which you want The building which stands near the river is our school The room in which there is a machine is a workshop 3 由 that 引导的定语从句 that 在定语从句中可以指人或物 在从句中作主语 谓 语动词或介词的宾语 但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语 例如 The letter that I received was from my father 注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that 而不用 which 引导定语从句 先行词是不定代词 all few little much something nothing anything 等 例如 All that we have to do is to practise every day 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 例如 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten This is the best film I ve ever seen 先行词被 all any every each few little no some 等修饰 例如 I have read all the books that you gave me 先行词被 the only the very the same the last 修饰时 例如 He is the only person that who I want to talk to 先行词既有人又有物时 例如 They talked of things and persons that they remembered 当句中已有 who 时 为避免重复 例如 Who is the man that is talking to 用心 爱心 专心3 John 用作关系代词 修饰表示时间的名词如 day time moment 等 代替 when 例如 It happened on the day that when I was born 如有两个定语从句 其中一个关系词已用 则另一个用 that 例如 Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before 4 由 when where why 引导的定语从句 例如 I know the reason why he came late This is the place where we lived for 5 years I will never forget the day when I met Mr Liu 注意 先行词是表示地点或时间时 有时用 where 或 when 有时用 that which 引导 定语从句 这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的 如果是及物的就用 that which 否则用 where 或 when 例如 This is the house where he lived last year This is the house that which he visited last year I thought of the happy days when I stayed in Beijing I have never forgotten the day which we spent together 5 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分 主句和从句之间不用逗号分开 引导 非限定性定语从句的关系代词有 who whom whose which of which 等 这些关系代词都不 能省略 非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明 没有这种从句不影响主句意思的完 整 一般用逗号把主句和从句分开 关系代词用 which 不用 that 指人时可用 who 例 如 I have two sisters who are both students Crusoe s dog which was now very old became ill and died 6 as 引导的定语从句 as 用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句 并在从句中作主语 表语或状语 构成 the same as such as 等结构 例如 I like the same book as you do as 作宾语 I shall do it in the same way as you did as 作状语 I want to have such a dictionary as he has as 作宾语 as 引导非限定性定语从句 as 在定语从句中作主语 表语或宾语 这个定语从句说 明整个句子 可以放在主句之前 例如 As we all know he studies very hard as 代表整个句子 作宾语 As is known to all he is the best student in our class as 代表整个句子 作主语 常用的这种类似插入语的句式有 as is said above as is already mentioned above as is known to all as it is as is often the case as is reported in the newspaper 等 注意 关系代词在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持 一致 关系代词 whom which that 在限定性定语从句作动词宾语或介词宾语 而该介词 又位于从句末尾时 经常省略 但 as 一般不省略 关系代词 which 和 as 在定语从句中 的区别是 which 不能放在句首 而 as 则可以 在句中时 as 有 正如 就像 之意 而 which 则没有此意 用心 爱心 专心4 歼灭难点训练 1 Is this hotel you said we were to stay in your letter A where B which C in that D in which 2 The wrong you ve done him is terrible for you should make an apology to him I think A this B which C what D that 3 We played in the garden till sunset it began to rain A when B after C while D then 4 I d like a car front lights are big and round A which B that C whose D what 5 Who Moved My Chinese is a best selling book is written by Spencer Johnson A which B that C it D what 6 Is there a shop around I can get a pack of cigarette A which B where C that D what 7 Another unmanned spacecraft Shenzhou China greets the 21st century marks new progress in the century s space program A for which B from which C in which D with which 8 Beijing government puts more than