2018年3月份天津高考英语试卷 -英语试卷翻译详细解析Word版.doc

212018 年 3 月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语 笔试英语试卷详细解析-大山Word版第卷注意事项： 1每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2 本卷共 55 小题，共 95 分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there youll be able to see it better. Aor Band Cbut Dwhile 答案是 B。1Shall I tell John our secret? No, you mustnt. _. ATake it easy （别紧张）BIt sounds like a great idea （听起来像个好主意） CIf you dont mind（如果你不介意） DIts just between you and me(它是你我之间的秘密) 答案：D考点：情景对话题干翻译：-我能告诉John我们的秘密吗？主+谓+间宾+直宾 句式 -不，绝对不能根据题意应选D2Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need _ to complete the things you want to do. Ait Bthat Cthem Dones 答案：C考点：代词辨析题干翻译：专业技能是 像刀和锤子一样的工具。你需要它们完成你想要做的事情。根据题意应选C3Whats wrong with the door? The key has got stuck in it and _ come out. Ashouldnt“不应该” Bmustnt“禁止” Cneednt“不需要” Dwont “将不，不能”答案：D考点：情态词的否定 辨析题干翻译：-门怎么了？ -钥匙插进去拔不出来了根据题意应选D4I know you want to talk about this report, but Id like to tell you about our new partner. _. We can talk about him later. ALets stick to the point“我们关注重点” BIts nice of you 你真好 CIts really hard to say 难说 DYoull make it 你会做到的答案：A考点：情景对话，stick to的词义-关注题干翻译：-我知道你想谈论此报告，但我想说一说我们的新搭档 - ，我们可以稍后谈论他根据题意应选A5Its easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so its important to _ a good map before you set out.Astudy研究 Bdisplay 显示Cdeliver 递送，交付Dpublish发行，发表 答案：A考点：动词词汇辨析题干翻译：-当你驶禁一座新城市，易迷路，所以出发前研究一张好地图很重要。根据题意应选A6Mrs. Taylor went around“走访” the shops, _ what she thought was necessary. Aordered Bordering Cto have ordered Dhaving been ordered 答案：B题干翻译：-泰勒夫人走访商店，订购所需非常必要。考点：非谓语动词-现在分词作目的状语，同时具有伴随性，常放句尾，且有逗号分隔，根据题意应选B7There was a long wait at the reception desk, _ everyone was checking in. Awhy（先行词是season的引导次） Bwhich（先行词为“物质” 的引导词） Cwhom（先行词为“人” 的引导词，且在从句中作宾语） Dwhere （地点引导词，从句中作地点状语）答案：D题干翻译：-接待处前排起了长长的队伍，每个人都在登记。考点：定语从句，常考知识点，reception desk 是地点名词，去掉关系词，句子不缺成分，故选D，在从句中作地点状语。 另外，如果where引导地点状语从句，where前常为动词：We must camp where we can get what water.我们必须要在能得到水的地方扎营。（特别是军队长期驻守，必须临近水源，这是常识。记得马谡守街亭时，虽居高临下，但远离水源，被围后不打自乱，好惨.）根据题意应选D8I jumped with joy the moment I _ my drivers license in the mail. Areceive Breceived Chad received Dwould receive 答案：B题干翻译：-邮包里收到驾照的那一刻，我欢呼雀跃。考点：时间状语从句-欢呼雀跃和收到，同时发生，时态均为过去式，如果选了C，那是认为，先收到驾照，然后才欢呼，。通常情况下，经过辛苦努力，再经过严格的考试，盼呀盼，终于盼来了梦寐以求的驾照，一拿到手驾照，抑制不住激动的心情，就会欢呼雀跃，两个动作的发生，不会有时间间隔，所以不能选C。根据题意应选B9Can we stop the _ of the worlds deserts and save the land that man depends so much on? Aloss （损失）Bheat （使高温）Cspread （延展）Ddefence （防御）答案：C题干翻译：-我们能阻止世界的日益沙化以拯救人类如此依赖的大陆吗？考点：词语辨析根据题意应选C10He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was _ his father had expected. Awhy Bhow Cthat Dwhat 答案：D题干翻译：-他努力学习，后来成为一名著名作家，这也是其父所期盼的。考点：表语从句. 整句是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代词前所述事实，做从句主语，从句中又嵌套一个表语从句，凡是句子要翻译成带“所”字的句子是，大多用what引导，且看：This is what I am interested in. 这是我所感兴趣的。Take back what you said!收回你所说的话根据题意应选D11There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money _for medical research has been well spent. Aused Busing Cto use Dto be used 答案：A题干翻译：-近几年医疗上有很多进步，那意味着用于医疗研究的钱花得其所。考点：非谓语动词。从备选项看，就能看出来考点是非谓语动词，后置于名词之后作定语，表示钱被用于某方面，记一个口诀：现在分词“表主动，表进行”；过去分词“表过去，标完成”根据题意应选A12When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually _ books that offer useful information. Apoint to（显示，表明） Bturn to（转向，求助于） Cattend to（注意，致力于） Dbelong to（属于） 选B题干翻译：当人们想扩大知识面时，经常求助于能提供信息的书。考点：词语辨析，无他！13Make sure you save all your work on screen _ the computer breaks down. Ain case（以防万一） Bas if（好像，似乎，仿佛） Cso that（以便） Deven though （即使）选A题干翻译：确保电脑上的工作全部保存，以防电脑出问题。考点解析：引导目的状语从句14Jane wishes that she _ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college. Astudied Bhad studied Cwould study Dmight have studied 答案B考点：虚拟语气题干：简多么希望大学时研究的是外贸而不是文学呀！解析：由when she was in college.可知，是对过去时态的“虚拟”，不要受“wishes”一词的误导。是对过去时态的“虚拟”，要用过去完成时.所以选B（天津英语高考，虚拟语气基本放在倒数几题）15What was it _ brought you two together? Was it your love of music? 是什么把你们聚拢在一起的?是你们对音乐的热爱吗？ Aas Bwho Cthat Dwhich 解析：英语常用的强调结构是It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that).不允许强调 谓语. 技巧 : :这几个关键词it is (was) who (that)，出现的时候，一般要考虑 强调句型了，属于简单题型。第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Years of living with a lisp (口齿不清) had taught me it was better not to say 数年的口齿不清，叫我明白：少说为佳免尴尬anything than to speak and risk embarrassment. As a result of my 16 , I felt 由于沉默的结果，（silence） distanced from most of my peers (同龄人). “Kathy? Oh, shes quiet.” Thats 我感到了与同龄人的隔阂 凯西，奥，她很安静what most people would say when they 17 me, as if “Quiet” were part of 当人们谈论我（talked of）时，那是很多人会说的一句话。好像“安静”my 18 . I was okay with that. I didnt need to be 19 . 是我名字的一部分（name），我同意那个事实。我不需要被听见（heard）Last September, however, that all 20 . I started my creative writing class with然而，去年9月，那个事实彻底改变（changed）。我开始跟Ms. Haist学习创意写作 Ms. Haist. Every day we would be given a different writing task and, if we 我们每天接受不同的写作任务wished, we could 21 what we had written. I 22 listening to others read their 如果我们愿意，可以分享所写内容（share）。我记得（22D remember）聆听其他人朗读作品时work and thinking: “That will never be me. Ill never have the 23 to do that.” 认为，“那从来不会是我，我也从不会有勇气朗读（23B courage）”One day, I was really 24 with what I had written and wanted to share. My heart 一天，我真的自鸣得意我的所写，想分享（24C pleased）was beating wildly as I raised my hand. Those 25 little voices were ringing in my ear, 我举起手时，心在剧烈的跳。 那些（25B urgent ）小声音在我耳朵里骤然回响“You have a lisp, remember? 26 , your writing isnt that good. Be quiet.” I was about “你有口吃，请得吗？(26A Besides而且 )而且你写的不怎么好。安静！” to 27 my hand when I met Ms. Haists encouraging eyes. 当我就要放下手时，看到了Ms. Haist鼓励的眼神(27D withdraw 撤回)。I swallowed the voices down and let my real voice 28 . I could hear it 29 as I 我忍受着那不屑的声音，发出我真实的的声音（28C come out）。read, and I could hear every stutter (结巴) and mistake. I finished reading, waiting to 当我朗读的时候，我能听到声音在颤抖（29A shaking），还有每次的结巴和错误。读完了，be laughed at. 30 , I heard claps from the class and praise from Ms. Haist. 等待着嘲笑。（30D Unexpectedly 没料到）没想到，听到了同学的掌声和Ms. Haist.的赞扬。The next day, I did it 31 . Soon I was reading out loud nearly every day. 第二天，再次朗读（31A again），之后几乎每天我都在朗读。Gradually, I realized that 32 my lisp, the class and the teacher always appreciated 渐渐地，我认识到（32C despite 尽管）尽管我口齿不清，同学、老师还是my writing. Now I may still not be the most 33 , social person, but Ive become 欣赏我的写作的。现在我也许还不是最开朗的人（33B outgoing开朗的）better at oral presentations. I 34 read my poetry out loud at a reading club. 但我在口头叙述上已经不错了。（34 A even甚至）我甚至在朗读俱乐部读我的诗作Every time those little voices try to tell me to be quiet, I think of all the 每次那些窃窃私语都企图告诉我保持安静，但我想起同学的鼓励，encouragement I received in class and I know that I 35 to be heard. 我就明白，我应当被聆听。16 Aembarrassment Bexcitement Chumor Dsilence 17 Aheard from Btalked of Ccalled on Dlooked for 18 Aname Bopinion Cduty Dbusiness 19 Aseen Bheard Cfollowed Dprotected 20 Adisappeared Breturned Cdeveloped Dchanged 21 Aexamine Bpractice Cshare Dcopy 22 Aregret Bconsider Cimagine Dremember 。23 Atime Bcourage Cpatience Devidence 24 Abusy Bstrict Cpleased Ddisappointed 25 Atired Burgent Cfunny Dcheerful 26 ABesides BOtherwise CTherefore DNormally 27 Atouch Bwave Cextend Dwithdraw 28 Ago down Bdie away Ccome out Dcalm down 29 Ashaking Bsinging Cshouting Ddeepening 30 ASadly BHopefully CHonestly DUnexpectedly 31 Aagain Balone Calready Danyway 32 Athanks to Binstead of Cdespite Dexcept 33 Aserious Boutgoing Cnervous Dhardworking 34 Aeven Bstill Conly Dseldom 35 Afear Bagree Cdeserve Dpretend 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhen you choose a higher education course, here are some tips for you to follow. 这里准备了一些小窍门，供你选择高等教育课程参考。（tip 小窍门）Choosing your course 选择你的课程There are a range of subjects and courses available. Many are work-related; 有一系列学科和课程可供选择。很多是工科的；others are academic. Youll need to look beyond the course title because courses 另一些是文科的，你不能仅仅看课程的名字， 因为很多课程with almost the same name may differ enormously. For example, if youre 名字几乎相同而内容大相径庭例如， 如果你对interested in construction but wish to use your creative skills, you may be better 建筑感兴趣，只想发挥你的创造性技能，（but 仅仅） 你最适合suited to a building design management course than a building project 建筑设计管理课程 而非建筑项目管理课程management course. Style of learning 学习方式Think about the style of learning that best suits you. Its important to study a 思考适合你的学习方式。学习你最喜爱的科目特别重要，subject that you particularly enjoy, but if you want to follow a career in a different 但是如果你想修不同领域的职业课，area, you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into 你可以选你想学和想纳入学位的课程one degree. Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal 很多学位课有不同的学科模块组成，且能迎合特色领域的兴趣。with particular areas of interest. Choosing where to study 选择在哪里学习Where you study can be almost as important as what you study. One thing to 选择在那里学习几乎和选择学什么一样重要。 一个问题需要consider is whether you want to live at home or move away. For some people, 考虑：宅在家里还是搬到外面学习 ，对于某些人来说， living at home offers the best of both worlds, but it may make sense to move if 宅在家里比外面好。 ，you want to study a particular course at a specific university or college. Many 如果你想在一个特色大学或学院学习特别的课程，在外面学习更能讲得通。students value the experience of living on campus or in a different part of the 很多学生重视在校经历、在不同国家的经历作为大学生活的重要部分。country as an important part of university life.Finding out more about courses找出关于课程的更多信息Once youve got a list of courses that appeal to you, its worth looking at some 一旦你列出对你有吸引力课程的清单，找一些关联他们根源信息，other sources of information about them, like independent reports. These provide 也是有必要的，像一些独立报告。这些报告information on the numbers of students who finished the course, student 提供了完成课程的学生人数、满意度或更多的信息。satisfaction and more. Open days 开放日Open days usually take place in spring or autumn. Although you may have an 开放日大多在秋季。虽然你对一门课有所idea about what a course is like, theres no substitute（替代）for attending a class 了解，但无法代替你亲自上一节课的效果。yourself. If you cant come on the open days, you can sign up for a guided tour 如果你开放日不能亲临，你可以报名参加有导游的浏览简介。instead. 36You need to look beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be _. Acreativity-focused Bwork-related Cfar different Dquite similar 37What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your future career? AAdd preferred subjects to your degree courses. BChoose the subjects based on your interest. CEarn different degrees. DGive up your interest. 38What do we learn about from Para. 4? ADisadvantages of studying on campus. BReasons for choosing where to study. CImportance of attending a nearby college. DProblems of going to a faraway university. 39Why is it recommended to check independent reports? ATo increase applicants interest. BTo better understand a course. CTo figure out how to complete a course. DTo find out how different the courses are. 40On the open days, would-be college students can _. Asign up for a particular course Btake a guided tour on the campus Csee whether there is a substitute course Dhave a first-hand experience of a course BWith a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence of her English essay 带着会心的微笑，凯莎结束了她英语文章的最后一个句子about one of her heroes, Rosa Parks, an important figure in the Civil Rights Movement. 她的文章是关于她心目中的一个英雄-罗莎.帕克斯-民权运动的重要任务。“Keisha,” her mother shouted from downstairs. “Its almost 4:15.” “凯莎”他妈妈从楼下喊她，“4:15了”“Dont worry. I wont be late. ” Keisha pulled down a storybook from her 别担心，我不会迟到 凯莎从书架上拿了一本故事书，bookshelf，as she always read to the nursing homes residents. And on an impulse 因为她总是为养老院的居民读故事。一时心血来潮，（一时心血来潮）, she added her English notebook as well. 也拿了她英文笔记As Keisha came running in the door, the manager told her, “We have a new 当凯莎跑来大门，（养老院）经理告诉她，“这周我们来了一个新居民露比.温特森resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watson. Shes still adjusting to her new 她正处在适应新环境阶段，你可以在28号房间看见她，surroundings. Youll find her in Room 28. And by the way, Keisha, good luck.” 顺便说一下，凯莎，祝你好运”Keisha walked down the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Room 28, she 凯莎轻步经过走廊。当她进入28号房间， met two sharp brown eyes staring at her doubtfully. 遇到了两道棕色锐利疑惑的目光“Im Keisha Jackson, a volunteer,” Keisha explained. “I come here to help pass “我是凯莎.杰克逊，志愿者”凯莎解释道the time with residents, or read to them, or, . . .” Keisha started stammering（结巴）“我来帮助（养老院居民）度过适应期，或为他们阅读，或者.”as Mrs. Watson continued to stare at her. 怀特森夫人继续瞪着她，凯莎开始结巴了。“I didnt request anyone to keep me company,” Mrs. Watson interrupted. “Im “我不需要任何人陪伴（keep company陪伴）” 怀特森夫人打断了她alone most of the time, and thats how I prefer it.” “我大部分时间独处，那是我喜欢这样的方式。”“I brought along some funny stories,” Keisha said hesitantly. “Im not in the mood for funny stories,” Mrs. Watson replied angrily. “What else “我对滑稽故事没兴致” 怀特森夫人生气地回答.“你还有别的事吗？”do you have?” Nervously, Keisha opened her notebook to her essay. She read the title aloud, 凯莎提心吊胆地打开她文章的笔记本。她大声朗读题目“Rosa Parks: A Woman of Courage and Conviction（信念）.” She glanced at Mrs.罗莎.帕克斯：一个勇敢、信念坚定的女士她瞥了一眼 Watson to see how she might react, but to her surprise, Mrs. Watsons face 怀特森夫人，看她怎样的反应，使她惊奇的是，怀特森夫人面色relaxed and her eyes shone. “Read to me about Rosa,” Mrs. Watson said. 舒缓下来，双眼炯炯有神，怀特森夫人说“给我读罗莎”Keisha read how Rosa Parks refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a 凯莎读出了：1955年在公交车上拒绝给白人乘客让座，鼓舞人心，bus in 1955 inspired the protest that became a turning point in the struggle for 致使抗议活动成了民权斗争的转折点。civil rights. “I walked with Rosa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watson said with pride. 怀特森夫人自豪地说：“我和罗莎.帕克斯、马丁.路德.金并行而走”“That was the greatest moment of my life because” She paused. “那是我一生中最伟大的时刻 因为.”她暂停了一下“Because you were a woman of courage and conviction too.” “因为.你也是一位勇敢、信念坚定的女士”Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watson said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank you for 怀特森夫人端坐起来，说“我曾经是，我（现在）仍然是，谢谢提醒我reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell you my story.” 凯莎，下周二我愿意告诉你我的故事”41Why did Keisha take her English notebook along? AHer mother asked her to take it. BShe would hand it in on her way. CShe might read her essay to someone. DThe manager wanted to read her essay. 42Why did the manager wish Keisha good luck before she visited Mrs. Watson? AMrs. Watson could be difficult. BMrs. Watson was in poor health. CKeisha was feeling nervous. DKeisha was a shy person. 43Mrs. Watsons eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was _. Aamused Bpuzzled Cannoyed Dinterested 44What effect did Keishas essay have on Mrs. Watson? AIt aroused her curiosity in volunteer work. BIt built up her expectation for more visitors. CIt awoke her pride in her struggle for civil rights. DIt changed her attitude to the Civil Rights Movement. 45Readers may find this story inspiring because _. Aa girl enjoys learning about her heroes Ba girl helps someone feel appreciated Ca woman overcomes hardship by herself Da woman gathers the courage for life CIf you were bringing friends home to visit, you could show them the way. You 如果你想朋友到家做客，你可以给他们指明道路。你知道哪些know the landmarksa big red house or a bus-stop sign. But what if you were 标志-一所大的红房子或者一个公交车站牌。但要是游在大西洋里swimming in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean? Could you still find your way 又怎样你？你仍能找到回家的路吗？home? A loggerhead turtle（海龟）could. 海龟就能。According to Dr. Ken Lohmann, loggerheads have a magnetic（磁力的）sense 据Dr. Ken Lohmann研究，红海龟基于地球磁场而有磁力感应based on Earths magnetic field. It helps them locate the best spots for finding 磁力感应帮助他们定位最佳你是地点和food and their home beaches. 寄居的海滩。Scientists already know that several other animals, such as whales and honeybeescan detect（探测到）magnetic fields. 科学家已经知道另几种动物，像鲸鱼，蜜蜂也能探测磁场。The difference between them and loggerheads, however, is the way they learn to 然而他们和红海龟不同的是，他们习得和应用磁力感应的方法不同。use their magnetic sense. Young whales and honeybees can learn from adults. Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs. 幼小的鲸鱼和幼小的蜜蜂能从成年的鲸鱼和蜜蜂学到技能。 而红海龟还是卵蛋时就被抛弃了。As newborn loggerheads have no adults to learn from, what helps them figure 新生海龟不能从成年海龟那里学到什么，那么什么帮助了他们认知怎样应用out how to use their magnetic sense? Lohmann thinks one of the cues was light 磁性感应的?Lohmann认为线索之一就是海上的灯光on the sea. Baby loggerheads hatch only at night. However, a small amount of light reflects 幼龟只在夜间孵化， 然而众多的小光点反射到海上，off the ocean. The light makes that region brighter. Heading toward the light 灯光照亮了海域。 头朝灯光有助与海龟helps them get quickly out to sea, where they can find food. Lohmann tested 迅速浮出海面，在那里找到食物。whether newborn loggerheads use this light source to set their magnetic “compasses”（罗盘）. 新生红海龟是否用这种光源设置他们的磁性“罗盘”呢？He and his team put some newborns in a water tank and recorded which way they swam. Around the tank, the scientists created a magnetic field that matched the Earths. Lohmann和团队放一些新生龟于水箱里，并记录它们游动的方向。They set a weak light to the east of