【志鸿优化设计】2014届高考英语第一轮复习 （归纳拓展+巩固提升）语法专题五 连词和状语从句（含解析） 译林牛津版

1 语法专题五语法专题五 连词和状语从句连词和状语从句 考点一 连词 在句中连接单词 短语 从句或者句子的词为连词 根据句子的结构特点 连词通常 分为并列连词和从属连词 1 并列连词按照在句中的作用可分为 表并列关系的连词 and as well as both and not only but also neither nor 等 表转折关系的连 词 but yet however while nevertheless 等 表选择关系的连词 or either or otherwise 等 表因果关系的连词 for so therefore 等 Why do you like staying in Guiyang Because the weather there is neither too hot nor too cold 2 引导名词性从句或状语从句的主要有以下从属连词 that whether if as when while till until since after before beca use though although so that where 等 I arrived after he left 考点二 时间状语从句 1 when while as 都可译为 当 的时候 但侧重点有所不同 当主句动作是瞬时的 从句动作是延续的时 三者都可以用 as 强调主 从句动作同时或几乎同时发生 while 从句的谓语必须是延续的 不能是非延续性动词 She sang as we walked I listened carefully while she was singing and we felt happy when we got home 我们一边走她一边唱 她唱的时候我认真听 到家的时候我们感觉很高兴 2 until 和 not until until 要与延续性动词连用 not until 要与非延续性动词连用 He didn t go to bed until his father came back 3 特殊的时间状语从句的引导词 1 the moment the minute the instant the second no sooner than hardly scarcely when 等以及表示瞬间的 directly immediately 表示 一 就 相当于 as soon as no sooner than hardly scarcely when 结构中 no sooner 和 hardly scarcely 引 导的句子中谓语动词通常用过去完成时 而 than 和 when 引导的句子中谓语动词通常要用 一般过去时 此外 no sooner 和 hardly scarcely 位于句首时 句子应用部分倒装语序 Tell him the news the minute you meet Tom Hardly had I got home when it began to rain 2 next time the first time last time every time the spring summer autumn winter 等 这类短语名词直接用作连词引导时间状语从句 Every time I see him he wears a pleasant smile 4 by the time 也可以引导时间状语从句 意为 到 时为止 主句一般用完成 时态 By the time he was fourteen Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself 从句为一般过去时 主句要用过去完成时 5 几组固定形式 1 It will be 一段时间 before 多久之后才 2 It is 一段时间 since 自从 以来已有多长时间了 3 be about to do when be doing when on the point of doing when It will be two days before he returns 2 It is three years since I came here I was doing my homework when my cousin came 考点三 结果状语从句 其常用句型 so 形容词 副词 that 从句 so 形容词 a an 单数可数名词 that 从句 so many much little 少 few 名词 that 从句 such a an 形容词 单数可数名词 that 从句 such 形容词 复数可数名词 不可数名词 that 从句 He is so young that he can not go to school It is such fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk 考点四 because since as 和 now that 1 because 为常用词 且说明的是直接原因 并可回答 why 引导的问句 2 as since 和 now that 语气较弱 常用来表示一些显而易见或对方知道的原因 since 译为 既然 鉴于 时不可用 as 替换 I didn t come to school yesterday because I was ill Why are you late today Because I didn t catch the bus As it s raining you d better take a taxi Since everybody is here let s begin 考点五 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有 though although even if though however no matter how no matter what no matter who 等 1 though although 引导让步状语从句时都不能和 but 连用 但可以同 yet still 连用 Although he is rich yet he is not happy 2 as though 引导的让步从句时 从句要采用倒装语序 Child as though he was he knew what was the right thing to do Try hard as he will he never seems to do the work well Young as though he is he is expert in this field 3 whether or not 意为 无论 是否 Whether you believe it or not it is true 4 however 形容词 副词 no matter how 形容词 副词 意为 无论多 么 No matter how cold it is he still works outdoors 5 wh ever 等一系列连词既可引导让步状语从句相当于 no matter wh 也可引导名 词性从句 而 no matter wh 只能引导让步状语从句 不能引导名词性从句 No matter what happened he would not mind Whatever happened he would not mind 考点六 条件状语从句 条件状语从句通常分为两大类 真实条件句和虚拟条件句 引导条件状语从句的连词 有 if unless if not as long as so long as as far as so far as provided providing that on condition that 等 1 条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时 条件状语从句用一般现在时 如果条件状语从 句中出现过去式 则为虚拟条件句 那么主句要用相应的虚拟语气形式 If he is not at home I will come again If he had listened carefully he would have done it better 2 unless 相当于 if not 在虚拟条件句中可用 if not 但不能用 unless You will fail unless you study hard If she were not too silly she would understand it 考点七 目的状语从句 3 目的状语从句常用的连词 短语 有 so that 以便 in order that 以便 lest in case for fear that 等 1 so that in order that 引导的目的状语从句中常用情态动词 can could 等 in order that 引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后 而 so that 引导的目的状 语从句只能放在主句之后 He spoke loudly so that in order that all the people could hear him clearly 2 lest in case for fear that 所引导的状语从句中 谓语动词可以用虚拟语气 形式为 should 动词原形 也可不用虚拟语气 He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it You may leave the key at home in case one of us should think of thinks of coming back 1 2012 课标全国高考 I don t believe we ve met before I must say you do look familiar A therefore B although C since D unless 2 2012 课标全国高考 You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you A so B or C and D but 3 2012 全国高考 I had hardly got to the office my wife phoned me to go back home at once A when B than C until D after 4 2012 北京高考 Look at those clouds Don t worry it rains we ll still have a great time A Even if B As though C In case D If only 5 2012 天津高考 Everything was placed exactly he wanted it for the graduation ceremony A while B when C where D though 6 2012 上海高考 I have a tight budget for the trip so I m not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices A once B if C after D unless 7 2012 重庆高考 Coach can I continue with the training Sorry you can t you haven t recovered from the knee injury A until B before C as D unless 8 2012 上海高考 The map is one of the best tools a man has he goes to a new place A whenever B whatever C wherever D however 9 2012 福建高考 It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties it gets more financial support from the European Union A if B unless C because D since 10 2012 湖南高考 I always felt I would pass the exam I never thought I would get an A A While B Once C If D Until 11 2012 湖南高考 hard you try it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat A However B Whatever C Whichever D Whenever 12 2012 江苏高考 One s life has value one brings value to the life of others 4 A so that B no matter how C as long as D except that 13 2012 江西高考 You can borrow my car you promise not to drive too fast A unless B even if C in case D as long as 14 2012 辽宁高考 Leave your key with your neighbor you lock yourself out one day A as long as B even though C in case D as if 15 2012 山东高考 He smiled politely Mary apologized for her drunken friends A as B if C unless D though 16 2012 山东高考 A number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins A when B where C before D until 17 2012 陕西高考 Hot the night air was we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey A although B as C while D however 18 2012 四川高考 At school some students are active some are shy yet they can be good friends with one another A while B although C so D as 19 2012 四川高考 If you happen to get lost in the wild you d better stay you are and wait for help A why B where C who D what 20 2012 陕西高考 All the photographs in this book stated otherwise date from the 1950s A unless B until C once D if 21 2011 全国高考 Try she might Sue couldn t get the door open A if B when C since D as 22 2011 北京高考 volleyball is her main focus she s also great at basketball A Since B Once C Unless D While 23 2011 上海高考 If a lot of people say a film is not good I won t bother to see it or I ll wait it comes out on DVD A whether B after C though D until 24 2011 上海高考 The police officers in our city work hard the rest of us can live a safe life A in case B as if C in order that D only if 25 2011 江西高考 Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon or it is convenient to you A whenever B however C whichever D wherever 26 2011 浙江高考 One Friday we were packing to leave for a weekendaway my daughter heard cries for help A after B while C since D when 27 2011 四川高考 Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up A whether B although C for D so 28 2011 四川高考 As is reported it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded A when B before C after D since 5 29 2011 辽宁高考 He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering A since B as C when D than 30 2011 陕西高考 all of them are strong candidates only one will be chosen for the post A Since B While C If D As 31 2011 天津高考 regular exercise is very important it s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime A If B As C Although D Unless 32 2011 山东高考 He had his camera ready he saw something that would make a good picture A even if B if only C in case D so that 33 2011 重庆高考 To show our respect we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with A whichever B whenever C whoever D wherever 34 2013 安徽皖南八校第二次联考 He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work A when B before C since D that 35 2013 河南中原名校联考 I think George doesn t really care for TV plays Right he still watches the program A and B so C but D for 36 2013 北京东城区示范校综合练习一 finishes the task first he is supposed to win the prize A Who B Whoever C Anyone D Those who 37 2013 福建莆田测试 Seize the chance you will regret it Thank you A and B but C so D otherwise 6 参考答案参考答案 1 B therefore 意为 因此 所以 although 意为 尽管 虽然 since 意为 由于 既然 自从 unless 意为 除非 如果不 根据前后句的逻辑关系判断应选 B 项 句意 尽管我要说你真的看起来很眼熟 但是我认为我们以前没有见过面 2 B 根据句意判断应选用 or 表示 否则 句意 你得让开道 否则 卡车不能 够从你身边开过去 3 A hardly 常与 when 连用 表示 一 就 hardly when no sooner than 主句常用过去完成时 从句则用一般过去时 句意 我刚到办公室 我妻子就给我打电话要我马上回家 故选 A 项 4 A 句意 看看那些云彩 不用担心 即使下雨 我们也仍然会玩得很开 心 even if 即使 as though 好像 in case 以防万一 if only 要是 就好了 只要 根据句意可知选 A 项 5 C 句意 毕业典礼的一切都按照他的想法被安排得井井有条 where 在此处引导 地点状语从句 修饰谓语动词 was placed 6 D 句意 我这次旅游的费用很紧 因此我不准备坐飞机 除非那些航空公司能降 低票价 从语境的连贯判断 这里用 unless 引导假设状语从句表示 除非 once 一旦 一 就 if 假如 after 在 之后 7 C until 和 before 用来引导时间状语从句 as 引导原因状语从句 unless 引导 条件状语从句 根据第二句可知 为原因状语从句 句意 教练 我能继续训练吗 对不起 你不能 因为你膝盖上的伤还没痊愈 故选 C 项 8 A 句意 不管什么时候要去陌生的地方 地图是我们最好的工具之一 这里用 whenever 引导时间状语从句表示 无论什么时候 连词在从句中作时间状语 whatever 表示内容 在从句中作主语或宾语 wherever 表示地点 however 表示 无论用什么方式 无论多么 都不符合句意 9 B if 意为 如果 unless 意为 如果不 除非 because 意为 因为 since 意为 自从 由于 句意 除非希腊政府能得到欧盟的财政支持 否则它很难克服 目前的困难 故选 B 项 10 A 句意 尽管我一直感觉我会通过这次考试 但从没想过会得一个 A while 尽管 引导让步状语从句 多放于句首 once 一旦 if 如果 until 直到 均不符合句意 11 A 句意 不管你有多努力 不降低你的饮食量而达到减肥的目的是困难的 however 引导让步状语从句 其后要紧跟形容词或副词 故 A 项正确 12 C A 项意为 目的是为了 结果 B 项意为 不论如何 无论怎样 C 项意为 只要 D 项意为 除了 句意 一个人只要给别人的生活带来价值 那这个人活 得也就有价值 13 D 句意 你可以借我的车 只要你保证不开得太快 as long as 意为 只要 引导条件状语从句 unless 如果不 除非 even if 即使 纵然 in case 假 使 免得 以防 14 C 句意 将你钥匙留给你的邻居以防你某天会把自己锁在外面 as long as 只要 even though 即使 in case 以防万一 as if 好像 根据句意 C 项正 确 15 A 句意 当玛丽因喝醉的朋友道歉时 他礼貌地笑了笑 as 在此句中意为 当 的时候 引导时间状语从句 if 和 unless 引导条件状语从句 though 引导让步 状语从句 故选 A 项 16 B 句意 很多高楼在一年前只有废墟的地方建起来了 what 需要在句中充当主 语 宾语或表语 故排除 before 和 until 都引导时间状语从句 不符合句意 因此选用 where 引导地点状语从句 17 B 句意 尽管晚上天气热 我们还是睡得很沉 因为经过长时间的旅行之后我们 太累了 as 引导让步状语从句需用部分倒装 其形式是将作表语的形容词或名词置于句首 18 A 句意 在学校里 有些学生很积极 然而有些很害羞 但他们彼此都可能成为 7 好朋友 while 然而 并列连词 符合句意 19 B 句意 如果你偶然在荒野中迷路 你最好待在原地等待帮助 where 在此引导 地点状语从句 符合句意 20 A 句意 这本书里所有的照片 除非是另行标注 都能追溯到 20 世纪 50 年代 unless 除非 until 直到 once 一旦 if 如果 根据句意可知选 A 项 21 D 四个选项中只有 as 引导让步状语从句时使用倒装结构 所以答案为 D 项 句 意 尽管苏试了 但她还是无法把门打开 22 D while 虽然 尽管 23 D 句意 如果许多人说一部电影不好看 我就不会费心去看 或者我等着直到能 在 DVD 上观看 whether 是否 after 在 之后 though 虽然 尽管 until 直到 时 到 为止 24 C 我们城市的警察们十分努力地工作 为了让我们这些人过一种安全的生活 in case 免得 以防 as if 仿佛 好像 in order that 为了 only if 只 要 就 25 A 句意 下午请给我的秘书打电话安排会议 或者其他对你来说比较方便的时间 也可以 根据题中的时间状语可知 这里强调的是时间 所以答案为 A 项 whenever 意思 是 无论何时 任何时候 26 D be doing when 正在干某事突然 when 在这时 在那时 相当 于 at this that time