高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析说明文5

1 说明文型完形填空说明文型完形填空 专题导读专题导读 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明 通常结构严谨 句子结构复杂 因此 也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体 说明文一般有三类 一是实物性说明文 包 括说明书 广告 解说词 人物介绍 知识小品 知识注解等 实物是指国家 城市 人 物 山水 树木 花草 虫鱼 鸟兽 建筑 文化古迹 科技成果及各种工农业产品 二 是事理性说明文 包括理论性解释 文书简介 教材等 事理是指观点 立场 名词概念 学术流派等 三是文艺性说明文 即把说明对象拟人化 进而编成故事 对其进行介绍 具体特点为 1 开头点题 做说明文型完形填空时 要明确说明的对象是什么 是具体实 物还是理论性概念 因此 明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提 在近年的说明文型完 形填空题中 作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象 2 结构清晰 把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利 说明文的写作一般 按时间顺序 指先后顺序 空间顺序 从局部到整体 从上到下 从内到外 逻辑顺序 前因后果 先果后因 先主后次 认识顺序 由此及彼 由浅入深 由具体到抽象 由 现象到本质 说明文型完形填空短文层次清晰 整体性强 所以 递进性词汇和名词的设题往往出现得 较多 说明文往往较直白 写作脉络清晰 又没有很多感情因素的掺入 所以就不会有过 多的情感词汇 自然不会有钻不出的 迷宫 据此特点 我们便可以跟着 作者 走 理 清整篇文章的思路 从而顺利答题 真题典例真题典例 2010 安徽卷 Most people give little thought to the pens they write with especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 1 things are handwritten All too often people buy a pen based only on 2 and wonder why they are not satisfied 3 they begin to use it However buying a pen that you ll enjoy is not 4 if you keep the following in mind 2 First of all a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 5 to use The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic 特征 6 comfort Having a small hand and thick fingers you may be comfortable with a thin pen If you have a 7 hand and thicker fingers you may 8 a fatter pen The length of a pen can 9 influence comfort A pen that is too 10 can easily feel top heavy and unstable Then the writing point of the pen should 11 the ink to flow evenly 均匀 地 while the pen remains in touch with the paper 12 will make it possible for you to create a 13 line of writing The point should also be sensitive enough to 14 ink from running when the pen is lifted A point that does not block the 15 may leave drops of ink 16 you pick the pen up and put it down again 17 the pen should make a thick dark line Fine line pens may 18 bad handwriting but fine delicate lines do not command 19 next to printed text as 20 a signature on a printed letter A broader line on the other hand gives an impression of confidence and authority 权威 1 A many B few C pleasant D important 2 A looks B reason C value D advantages 3 A once B if C because D though 4 A convenient B practical C strange D difficult 5 A heavy B easy 3 C hard D safe 6 A taking B finding C determining D seeking 7 A stronger B weaker C smaller D larger 8 A prefer B recommend C prepare D demand 9 A hardly B also C never D still 10 A thick B light C long D soft 11 A change B allow C reduce D press 12 A They B One C This D Some 13 A thin B rough C black D smooth 14 A prevent B free C protect D remove 15 A way B sight C flow D stream 4 16 A so B as C and D yet 17 A Meanwhile B Generally C Afterwards D Finally 18 A show up B differ from C break down D compensate for 19 A attention B support C respect D admission 20 A at most B for example C in brief D on purpose 1 B 文章开头说人们很少注意选择钢笔 原因是手写的东西很少 2 A 人们买钢笔主要基于样子 looks 3 A 一旦使用才发现并不满意 4 D 如果按作者说的做 买一支喜欢的钢笔并不难 5 B 买钢笔要与手合适 使用起来容易 6 C 钢笔的粗度决定了使用时是否舒适 7 D 手大的当然要买粗一点的 与前文 Having a small hand 相呼应 8 A 根据句意 如果你的手指更大且更粗 你可能会更喜欢一支更粗的笔 选 A recommend 推荐 prepare 准备 demand 要求 均不合句意 9 B 钢笔的长度也影响舒适度 10 C 太长的笔拿着容易感到头重 不稳 11 B 笔尖要使得墨水均匀流畅 12 C 这一点 This 使得流利书写成为可能 5 13 D 根据前一句话 allow the ink to flow evenly 均匀地 while the pen remains in touch with the paper 即可推知 使你的书写线条流畅 14 A 不写的时候 笔尖要防止墨水流出 prevent from 阻止 free from 免 于 protect from 保护 remove from 从 中移开 拿走 除掉 15 C 16 B 当你拿笔或放笔的时候 17 D 由上文 First of all Then 可知这里应用 Finally 18 D 好的笔可以弥补书写差的缺点 show up 使显示出 differ from 与 不同 break down 损坏 发生故障 compensate for 赔偿 补偿损失 19 A 和印刷体比较 写得好 指签名 也并不能引起注意 20 B at most 至多 for example 例如 in brief 总之 on purpose 故意 地 新题预测新题预测 Long time ago if a child had some problems in his life he might go home and write in his 1 Now a child with the same problems might go onto the Internet and write about them in a blog 博客 In many ways a diary and a blog are very 2 So what makes blogging different from writing in a an 3 diary The biggest difference is that a blog is much more 4 than a diary Usually a teenager treats his diary like a book full of 5 that he does not want to 6 It s interesting that someone who writes in a blog 7 a diary will probably write nearly the same information I have a little sister and sometimes I go online to read her blog She 8 about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry test 9 I was her age I wrote about the same things but 10 in my diary Then after I had finished writing I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was 11 that my sister 6 might read it The biggest 12 with blogging is that anyone can read what you write If I was angry with a friend during high school and wrote something 13 about her in my diary she would never know 14 if my sister ever wrote something bad about a friend that friend 15 read her blog and get angry There are also 16 to blogging of course If I was feeling sad one day and wrote in my diary Nobody cares about me 17 would know about it However if my sister wrote the same sentence in her blog her best friends would 18 respond 回应 and tell her how much they like her Blogs help people 19 in contact with their friends and know what the people 20 them are doing 1 A notebook B diary C blog D Book 2 A familiar B same C similar D Different 3 A old B real C daily D Traditional 4 A convenient B secret C public D cheap 5 A secrets B mysteries C questions D Puzzles 6 A publish B share C solve D Answer 7 7 A instead B as well as C in favor of D instead of 8 A wonders B learns C writes D worries 9 A Although B When C Because D Since 10 A only B never C also D Still 11 A surprised B glad C interested D Worried 12 A difficulty B reason C problem D mistake 13 A good B mean C funny D Interesting 14 A However B Also C Then D Besides 15 A will B should C must D Might 16 A problems B goods C advantages D mistakes 17 A everyoneB no one 8 C someone D Anyone 18 A happily B hardly C seldom D Quickly 19 A stay B put C lose D Find 20 A besides B over C aroundD in front of 要点综述 这是一篇说明文 说明了博客和日记相比的优缺点 这篇文章和我们现实生 活贴得很近 解答问题时要多考虑实际 做起来就比较顺手 1 B 通读全文 了解大意知 作者一直在比较 博客 和 日记 的优缺点 根据语境判断译文为 很久以前 如果一个孩子在他的生活中有一些问题 他可能回家写 在他的 日记 里 2 D 通过后一句 what makes blogging different from writing in a diary 我们可以判断出是说两者不同 故选 D 3 D 在很多方面 日记和博客是有很大差别的 所以 写一篇 传统 日记和写一篇 博客有什么差别呢 这需要我们联系实际生活 A 意为 老的 旧的 放在文中 语意 不通顺 排除 A 项 B 意为 真的 放在文中 语意也不通顺 所以也排除 C 意为 每 天的 和 日记 本身含义重复 所以排除 D 意为 传统的 放到文中最恰当 故 D 为正确答案 4 C 联系实际或通过了解下文大意我们很容易判断出 博客和日记相比 最大 的不同是 博客更加 公开化 故选 public 5 A 上句中 博客 和 日记 最大的不同是 博客 更公开化 相反 我们很容易猜 测出 日记 充满了 秘密 所以选 secrets 6 B 通常情况下 一个青少年对待她的日记像一本充满 秘密的 书 她不 9 想和别人一起 分享 书的内容