短文改错解题技巧

短文改错解题技巧短文改错解题技巧 短文改错对考生的要求较高 是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查 考生在该项上往往 失分较多 那么如何做好改错题 结合自己数年的教学经验 笔者认为要想在短文改 错上取得理想的成绩 除了平时打好基础外 在应考时还要做到以下几点 一 先通读全文 认真阅读短文 在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意 根据短文大意 和上下文逻辑关系 对文章进行逐字逐句的分析 检查句子的结构是否完整 语气是 否连贯 启承转合是否符合文意等 二 综合运用所学语言知识 根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题 即改词 加词或减词 在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类 1 名词 单复数用错 可数与不可数名词的混用 大多数短文改错都会有此类 的错误 如 Happy birthday Peter and many happy return of the day 2000 北京春考 此句中 return 虽然可以作可数名词也可做不可数名词 但此处显然为可数名词 故应 用其复数 returns 1 On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful 81 NMET 2002 句中 picture 应为 pictures 2 Their word were a great encouragement to me 85 NMET 2003 句中 word 应为 words 3 but after class we become stranger at 83 NMET 2004 句中 stranger 应为 strangers 2 动词 时态和语态 常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时 中间杂有不适的另 一时态的现象 或是及物动词后无宾语 或是不及物动词后加了宾语 需要接 ing 形 式的接了 to 或相反等 如 1 Around the world young people are spending a lot of money in listening pop music 本句中 listen 是不及物动词 不能直接接宾语 应在其后加 to 2 She liked it very much and reads it to the class All said the story was a good one 84 NMET 2003 句中 reads 应为过去式 read 3 As we climbed the mountain we fed monkeys visiting temples and told stories 80 NMET 2002 此句 visiting 应为 visited 4 One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher 83 NMET 2003 此句中 showed 是及物动词 其后要加 it 作其宾语 5 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English 81 NMET 2003 句中 talk 应为 talking 因为 enjoy 后接 doing 3 形容词副词 常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反 关系副词 where when why 等的缺失或错用 如 1 I would describe myself as shy and quietly 77 NMET 2004 句中副词 quietly 应改为形容词 quiet 2 It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain 78 NMET 2002 此句 we 的前面缺了关系副词 when when 在此处引导一个时间状语从句 3 I live in Beijing where is the capital of China 89 NMET 1997 此句中 where 应改为 which 因为关系副词不能在句中定语从句中做主语 4 介词 主要是介词的多余或缺失 错用 这一部分需要平时多多积累 弄清 常用介词的搭配 1 We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves 92 NMET 1998 此句中 instead 和 ourselves 之间需加上 of 因为 instead 是副词 本身不可以接名词 2 I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow 85 NMET 2002 句中 at 多余 3 The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese 77 NMET 2003 句中 in 多余 4 I m a newcomer here of a small town 76 NMET 2004 句中 of 应改为 from 5 主谓一致性 第三人称单数漏掉 s 或主语为复数 谓语动词用了单数 再就 是就近原则对主语的影响 Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library NMET 2000 此句中主语是 my picture and the prize is 应改为 are 6 冠词 定冠词 the 的多余或缺失 如季节 月份 星期 球类及三餐活动 称呼头衔前等不能加 the 的地方加了 the 或是 same 等常和 the 一起使用的词却漏税 掉了 the a an 的混用 特别注意 hour honest 等虽然首字母不是元音字母 但其发 音却是以元音素开头 故用 an 而 useful university European one hour 等虽然首字母 是元音字母 但却以辅音音素开头 故用 a 如 As everyone knows it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals 76 NMET 2002 此处 famous 前应加上冠词 a 7 数词 主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用 如分数的分子大于一时分母没 有用复数等 基数词的复数形式如几百 hundreds of 几千 thousands of 漏掉了 s 或 是当其前有具体数字或 several 时加了复数 如 seven hundred 写作 seven hundreds 8 连词 不合句中的逻辑关系 如需转折连词 如 but 的时候用了承接连词 so 或相反等等 如 1 The food was expensive and the service was good 84 NMET 2002 根据句意 此句中连词 and 应改为 but 2 I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn t seem to work 84 NMET 2004 此句中 since 应改为 but 9 代词 主要是代词的格与数的错用 如男性用了女性代词 单数用了复数代 词或相反 应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格 主格或相反 关系代词的错用或缺 失 如只能用 that 引导的用了其它 或在不能用 that 的地方却用了 that 或是在 介 词 关系代词 结构中漏掉了介词等 如 1 I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English 78 NMET 2003 此句中不定代词 anything 应改为 everything 2 I was learning to express me in simple English 82 NMET 2003 此句中 me 应改为其反身代词 myself 10 常用固定短语或固定用法用错 1 Before my classmates it seems always difficult for me to do things well as them 78 NMET 2004 此句中 well 前应加 as as well as 是固定搭配 2 Like most of my schoolmates I have neither brothers nor sisters in any other words I m an only child NMET 2001 此句中 in any other words 应改为 in other words 属固定短语 3 Can you tell me about what I should do