新版人教版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点.doc

2014年初二下单元知识点Unit 1 Whats the matter?一 知识要点。1.询问身体状况。Whats the matter with you? Whats your trouble? Whats wrong with you? Whats up? (用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用)How are you feeling now? Are you feeling better today?回答身体病痛：have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒 have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛2. There is something wrong with the ones + 身体部位。3. 反身代词的用法： myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves 跟主语一致： The child can dress himself. (作宾语) Mrs. Black herself is a teacher. (作同位语)Just be yourself. (作表语) 固定短语： teach oneself sth (自学) learn sth by oneself （自学） enjoy oneself （玩的开心） help oneself to sth（随便吃什么） say to oneself（自言自语） introduce oneself (自我介绍)4. too much + 不可数名词 too many+ 可数名词 much too + 形容词或副词5. enough water old enough ( 名前形、副后)6. lie down and rest lie laylain lying lie还有撒谎的意思。它的过去式为lied . rest = have a rest 7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.neednt = dont have to 没有必要 mustnt 不准 must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用must.否定回答用 neednt 或 dont have to 如：Must I finish my homework now? No, you _. You can go home now. A. neednt B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. cant 10.go to a doctor = see a doctor see a dentist = go to a dentist 11. see sb do sth see sb doing sth (感官动词的用法，看见某人做过某事用原形，看见某人正在做某事用现在分词) 这样的词语有： hear, listen to , look at, watch , feel, find12. get off get on get over( 克服) get on/ along well with 和某人相处得好，get up 起床 get back 取回13. to ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是 in surprise 惊奇地 be surprised to do sth 做某事感到惊奇地 be surprised at sth 对.感到惊奇地14. agree with sb agree to （do）sth agree on 达成一致意见 15. Thanks to = because of 16. in time 及时 on time 准时 17. right away = right now = at once 18. get into trouble 造成麻烦 be in trouble 处于困难当中 make trouble制造麻烦 have trouble / difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事有困难19. advice 不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise 动词 advise sb. to do sth. advise doing sth give sb advice on sth 就某事给某人建议20. hurt 及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.21. hit （用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。22. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：Its difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit. be used to do sth= be used for doing sth 被用来做. used to do sth 过去常常做.23. free 形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.24. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of物sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.25.fall down 摔倒， fall off 从. 掉下来 fall in love with 爱上. fall asleep 熟睡 fall into 掉进 fall behind 落后26. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 27. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.28. be in the control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中29. mind意为，mind doing sth., Would you mind my opening the window?30. give up (doing) sth.=stop doing sth 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如 Never give up easily.give in 屈服 give out 分发 give back 归还 31. be interested in = have /take an interest in 对. 感到兴趣 places of interest 名胜 lost interest in 失去兴趣32.one of the exciting things one of the + 形容词 + 名词复数 33. almost = nearly 几乎 hardly 几乎不34. on that day 具体的某一天 35. his own life own 的前面用所有格36. mean doing sth 意味着做某事 mean to do sth 打算做某事 What does . mean? Whats the meaning of . 的意思37. make decisions = make a decision = make up ones ming = decide to do sth 决定做某事38.keep on doing sth 坚持做某事 keep sth + adj 保持某物某种状态39.find sb do sth find sb doing sth find it + adj + to do sth (发现做某事怎样) find it difficult / hard to do sth （发现做某事很难）40. feel sick 生病；不舒服 sick /ill adj. 生病的 (1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。 be sick of “讨厌；厌恶” sick person = patient“病人” (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病ill illness n.“病；疾病”41. so that 以至于 目的状语 so . that 结果状语 so + adj ( a/an + n) that 从句 He is so cute (a boy) that we all like him. so+ little/much + 不可数名词 that 从句 He had so little education that he was unfit for this job. so + few / many + 名词复数 that 从句 He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.such + a/an + adj + 名词单数 that 从句He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.such + adj +名词复数/不可数名词 that 从句He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.二 重点短语。1.have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着走22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车 26. have