高考英语 English teaching reading is a very important component素材

用心 爱心 专心1 Teacher studentTeacher student InteractionInteraction inin HighHigh SchoolSchool EnglishEnglish ReadingReading ClassClass Li You Class3 Grade 2006 English Department AbstractAbstract English teaching reading is a very important component of high school English teaching There are two main problems in present English teaching reading in high school The first one is that teachers focus on the students mastery of language points However instead of the cultivation of their reading ability and the second one is that the teacher oriented model isn t changed This paper tries to explore the possibility of operating an interactive reading in English class through some relevant theoretical knowledge of high school English teaching while through the research of interaction analyze whether it has an impact on readers level of reading comprehension This thesis transmits that the interaction of teachers and students make English readers communicate with each other in the cognitive space through interactive reading and researching and follow interactive promotes to high school English teaching This is good for arousing students interest of learning English and improving students reading ability reading confidence and interpersonal skills On these problems this paper gives some advice about these problems KeyKey wordswords teacher student interaction English reading strategies and skills reading teaching model 摘 要 阅读教学是中学英语教学的重要组成部分 然而在目前的英语阅读教学中存在两种主要的问 题 一是教学内容上重视语言知识的传授而忽略阅读能力的培养 二是教学方法上以教师为中心 本论文 试图通过高中英语教学理论中的一些相关理论知识探讨互动在英语阅读课堂的实际操作的可能性 同时通 过研究分析互动是否会对英语阅读者阅读理解水平产生影响 本论文通过反复论证研究发现 高中英语阅 读中的师生的互动让英语阅读者在认知空间中相互交叉 充分发挥互动性原则 有利于激发学生学习英语 的兴趣 有利于提高学生的阅读能力 阅读信心及英语交际能力 并且针对这一问题提出了一些解决方法 关键词 师生互动 英语阅读能力和策略 阅读教学模式 1 1 IntroductionIntroduction Reading plays a very important role in students learning of English It is a main way for students to get language input to enlarge their vocabulary to widen their range of knowledge and to understand western culture As for high school students it is one of the skills that are especially important as is mentioned in the current curriculum Reading is an important means for students to understand and grasp language information So reading holds the core position in high school teaching and it has been paid a lot of attention to in English classes However teachers are faced with the following two problems in reading classes The first one exists in the teaching goal the focus of current teaching is on the mastery of language points instead of the cultivation of integrative reading 用心 爱心 专心2 abilities the second one is in the teaching approach the current English reading teaching approach is mostly teacher oriented These two problems hinder the carrying out of the new curriculum The paper begins with the introduction First it is an analysis of the problems in current reading classes In it the paper puts forward the cause of this thesis Second is literature review in which the author first talks about the theoretical base of reading comprehension In this part the author focuses on four points which contain the definition of reading the purpose of reading an analysis of reading models and skills and reading requirements for high school students in English curriculum Then the author talks about the theory about interaction including main types and teaching models of interaction Third the paper gives a detailed introduction to the English reading teaching model Teachers Inspiration Teacher Student Interaction Students Initiative in high school Finally two questionnaires pre test and post test are employed The results and discussion are included in it It ends with the conclusion 2 2 AnAn overviewoverview ofof currentcurrent EnglishEnglish readingreading teachingteaching inin seniorsenior highhigh schoolschool 2 12 1 TheThe importanceimportance ofof readingreading teachingteaching As a predominant way to acquire knowledge for high school student English reading is a core approach to learn such a foreign language in non English speaking environment Therefore reading is listed to be one of the important skills in the teaching curriculum of high school The importance of reading and reading teaching can be seen from the following aspects 2 1 12 1 1 AnalysisAnalysis ofof thethe EnglishEnglish curriculumcurriculum andand currentcurrent textbookstextbooks The current curriculum expresses the following idea in particular that teacher should pay more attention to improving students reading comprehension ability in order that they can gain self study ability for the benefit of their future study and their future work The current curriculum for high schools states that in the teaching process teachers should consolidate and extend students basic language develop their basic skills of listening speaking reading and writing and promote their communicative ability The current curriculum for high schools states that reading is an important means for students to understand and grasp language information By providing efficient learning resources reading has good effects on students in broadening their horizons enriching their language acquisition enlarging their vocabulary and understanding cultures of English speaking countries Teachers should instruct understanding cultures of English speaking countries Teachers should instruct students to grasp effective reading skills and make use of different kinds of education resources and dictionaries In this way students can improve their independent reading abilities by and by which will lay an ideal foundation for their future study and development From the statement of the curriculum reading s core status can be seen clearly in high school teaching Although English learning consists of listening speaking reading writing and translating reading plays a very important role in English acquisition for high school students It is a main way for students to get language input enlarge their vocabulary widen their range of knowledge and understand western culture Efficient reading can not only promote students listening ability but also improve their levels of writing and speaking 2 1 22 1 2 AnalysisAnalysis ofof thethe collegecollege entranceentrance examinationexamination paperspapers The College Entrance Examination is the predominant teaching evaluation tool at present In general such English examination papers are fixed to some extent in these years There are a piece of cloze which accounts for 30 points five pieces of reading materials which account for 40 points multiple choices 15 points and proofreading 15 points Although there 用心 爱心 专心3 exist different kinds of examination items checking students reading abilities is the predominant purpose of such an important examination For example it checks the ability of reading comprehension and basic language knowledge Students should read through the whole passage to grasp the general idea first of all and then it is possible for them to fill in the blanks correctly Thus understanding the passage is of vital importance There are five pieces of reading involving different fields of current life During the two hour examination students spend almost 50 minutes in this part For the average students this part is extremely necessary for their scores Students should read through each passage quickly for the first time to get information Then they read parts of the passage carefully according to the questions In the part of proof reading after students understand the story can they find the mistakes in it Even in the part of multiple choices the test questions focus on communication situations So usually the questions are not one sentence but in the form of a mini dialogue which of course add the difficulty of understanding From what was mentioned above the focus on the checking of reading comprehension abilities can be seen clearly in the College Entrance Examination Papers 2 22 2 ProblemsProblems inin CurrentCurrent ReadingReading TeachingTeaching Although the training of reading comprehension skills and abilities is very important for high school students in China there are mainly two problems in the current reading classes 2 2 12 2 1 ProblemsProblems inin thethe teachingteaching goalgoal In the teaching goal the predominant focus is on the mastery of language points instead of the cultivation of integrative reading abilities In the current way of teaching teachers first ask students to study the new words by heart which means students can pronounce and spell them correctly Then teachers begin to paraphrase the whole text They usually focus on the sentence patterns key phrase and also grammar points Teachers provide sufficient examples and explanation Teachers divide the whole text into sentences without any connection and make a colorful text boring language points Students become uninterested in reading the whole passage So in this way training activities in reading classes make the acquisition of linguistic knowledge as the center and the purpose of reading seems to be just learning the grammar pronunciation and vocabulary in the given text The result is that teachers lay emphasis on the language points and sentence structures and that students thus interpret reading as a task of getting a good command of phrase words and sentence structures of each piece of reading This teaching goal separates the linguistic points and vocabulary from the context and forces the students to recite them independently Usually the students get tired of these kinds of reciting so they regard English learning as a boring task Unfortunately numerous students give up English learning half way just because they can t find any pleasure in it This kind of teaching goal which ignores the ability of context analysis made them just see a tree not the whole forest So this of teaching goal has a negative impact on the enlargement of the students knowledge and the development of the development of the students abilities to solve and analyze the problems 2 2 22 2 2 ProblemsProblems inin thethe teachingteaching approachapproach When it comes to the teaching approach the English reading teaching approach is mostly teacher oriented Since the teaching purpose is to educate student with linguistic knowledge and teachers concentrate on teaching the knowledge in textbooks so students usually serve as the passive containers Considering all the problems the paper wants to try a new kind of teaching model in English reading classes Teachers Inspiration Teacher Student Interaction The author wants to achieve the following two purposes one is to 用心 爱心 专心4 improve students integrative reading skills instead of only focusing on discrete language points and the other is to attempt interactive language teaching instead of current teacher oriented way of teaching 3 3 LiteratureLiterature reviewreview Two fields of theories one is about reading and the other is about interactive teaching are involved to support the ideas in the thesis 3 13 1 ReadingReading theorytheory Grellet states Understanding a written text means extracting required information from it as efficiently as possible G rellet 2000 3 Anrold states From a psycholinguistic viewpoint reading is a problem solving behavior that actively involves the reader in the process of deriving and assigning meaning From the statements above reading is not a passive process of receiving various kinds of information but an interesting process of thinking guessing and predicting What one brings to the text is often as necessary as what one finds in it Grellet has pointed out that there are two main reasons for reading reading for pleasure and reading for information in order to find out something or in order to do something with the information you get Grellet 20 00 4 So people read not only because they want to study grammar vocabulary and sentence patterns but they can acquire new knowledge improve their abilities to analyze and solve problems receive necessary language input and promote their language level The reading process is an important subject of language teaching research The following various reading models are often applied when studying the reading process 3 23 2 InteractionInteraction 3 2 13 2 1 DefinitionDefinition ofof interactioninteraction As Brown has explained in the book Interactive Language Teaching Students achieve facility in using a language when their attention is focused on conveying and receiving authentic messages This is interaction Brown 2000 4 In this definition there are two points should be focused on The first one is that interaction means conveying and receiving of messages The interaction implies both reception and expression of message and interaction involves not just expression of one s own ideas but comprehension of those of others One listens to others one responds others listen and respond Students study to communicate listening to others talking with others negotiating meaning in as hared context Therefore interaction has close connection with communication Both of them mentioned exchange or communication whether in speech or reading remains the central goal for language teachers They derive essentially from interaction The second point is interaction calls for mutual interest to speakers and listeners Interaction takes place when active is present Interaction means someone has something to share with someone else which is interested and attentive while the interest lasts Where there is no interest there may be a perfunctory exchange of words But communication of personal messages doesn t take place So teachers involving this kind of teaching should make students work together talk together and communicate with teachers and with each other in situations that stimulate students involvement and interest To promote interaction in another language it is a lively attention and active participation become necessary among students Desire and interest to participate have deeper roots than mere surface reactions would indicate Students need to participate in activities that engage their attention and interest so that the interaction becomes natural 用心 爱心 专心5 and desirable and words slip out or pour out to accompany it 3 2 23 2 2 TheThe ImportanceImportance ofof interactioninteraction Hu Chundong states in the book Foreign Language Periscopical View in the second half of the 20th century the cognitive study of psychology was very powerful From the aspect of the development of cognitive ability the research of language acquisition and study continued and Development Theory was established at that time It emphasized that language acquisition was obtained with the development of the cognitive ability Later more and more scholars of Development Theory became supporters of Interactive Theory Interactive Theory lays stress on the importance of environment and communication between the communicative object and the language learner The language quality and psychological factors of the second language learner such as worry interest and disgust are directly connected with the communicative environment and objects The social environment can change the psychological state of learners Also the mood attitude and studying effect of second language learners can be affected by the attitude and language of communicative objects Based on this theory this is made clear that various kinds of factors will have effects on foreign language acquisition In the classroom teaching teachers should pay attention to the effect of their own classmates given language texts teaching methods A perfect teaching model involving all the positive factors should be applied Hu Chundong 2001 81 After the new course level was established English teaching has been forced to make some reforms Modem English classes should provide multiple communication and interaction The essence of teaching activity is interaction and communication Intercommunication Mode interaction and communication teaching mode teaching is supposed to achieve a comprehensive and profound active communication and interaction between teachers and students and among students It believes that the relationship of students and teachers in classis not just a cognitive relationship but also a communicative relationship in which they can create meaning together In the process of teaching teachers inspire students to discover meanwhile meeting the need of the students discovery and teachers continue to inspire students In a harmonious and pleasant atmosphere students and teachers closely cooperated to achieve harmony between teaching and learning Interactive teaching is a teaching method that can fully promote the initiative of the two subjects teachers and students In this process both students and teachers can fully present their initiative by developing the mutual dialogue mutual discussion mutual observation mutual Brown expressed his ideas in the book Interactive Language Teaching Through interaction students can increase their language store as they listen to or read authentic linguistic material or even the output of their fellow students in discussion joint problem solving tasks Brown 2000 4 Teachers frequently ignore how much students study from their peers In fact their standards are similar to each other It is much easier for them to learn from each other When teachers make a speech about some subject or write a passage it is difficult for students to imitate But students can grasp a lot from their classmates speeches or articles After they grasp a lot of information they have the desire to express their own ideas Later they will try to create messages at convey their intentions So in this way students can understand the core spirit of language Brown expressed this point of view thoroughly in the book Interactive Language Teaching In interaction students can use all they possess of the language all they have learned or casually absorbed in real life exchanges where expressing their real meaning is important to