八年级下册第一单元知识点总结.doc

Unit 1 Whats the matter? 语法：情态动词should的用法及反身代词u 词形变换1. foot (n.) 脚 feet（复数）2. hurt(v.)(使）疼痛；受伤hurt（过去式）3. hit (v.)击；打 hit（过去式）4. sick (adj.)生病的；有病的sickneess(n.)疾病 ill (adj.)生病的illness(n.)疾病5. climber (n.)登山者 climb (v.）攀登6. knife (n.)刀knives(复数）7. importance(n.)重要性important(adj.)重要的8. decision(n.) 决定；抉择decide(v.) 决定 u 短语归纳1. have a cold 感冒 2. have a headache 头痛 3. have a cough 咳嗽 4. have a toothache 牙疼5. have a fever 发烧 6. have a stomachache 胃痛7.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 8. have a sore back 背疼9. have the flu 患流感 10. see a dentist 看牙医11. get an X-ray 拍X光片 12. take ones temperature 量体温13. drink some hot tea with honey 喝带蜂蜜的热茶14. lie down 躺下 15. take breaks (take a break) 休息16. all weekend 整个周末 17. in the same way 以同样的方式18. sound like 听起来像 19. go to a /the doctor 去看医生20. go along 沿着走 21. on the side of the road 在马路边22. shout for help 大声呼救 23. 24-year-old 24岁的24. get on 上车 （公共汽车） get off 下车（公共汽车） get into 上小汽车 get out of 下小汽车25. to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是 26. thanks to 幸亏，由于27.in time 及时 on time 准时，按时28.right away=right now=at once 立刻 ，马上29. get into trouble 陷入麻烦 30. have a nosebleed 流鼻血31.hit sb. on the +身体硬的部位 hit sb. in the +身体软的部位32. fall down 跌倒 33. lose ones life 失去某人的生命34. take risks (take a risk)冒险 35. cut off 切除 36. get out of离开；从出来 37. make a decision 作决定 38.be in control of 掌管；管理 39. give up 放弃 40. the importance of 的重要性u 考点集萃 1. enough 的用法： adj. enough+名词 enough time adv. 形容词/副词+enough big enough She is not old enough to go to school. = She so young that she cant go to school. =She is too young to go to school.2. 询问“某人怎么了”句型 Whats wrong (with sb.) ?=Whats the matter (with sb.) ?=Whats the trouble with sb.? =What happened to sb.?3. too much 、too many、 much too 辨析too much+ 不可数名词 太多too many+可数名词 太多 much too+ 形容词 太4. lie 和lay 用法辨析 意思过去式过去分词现在分词lie平躺laylainlying说谎liedliedlyinglay放置，下蛋laidlaidlaying那个男孩撒谎说有只公鸡（躺）在树下下蛋。 The boy that a cock was under the tree laying eggs .5. think of, think about, think twicethink of 想起；认为 think about 思考；思索 think twice 认真思考；三思6.“疼痛”的四种表达方式 have/has a +表示身体部位的名词+词缀-ache I have a stomachache. have/has a sore+表示身体部位的名词 I have a sore stomach. 表示体部位的名词+hurt(s) My stomach hurts.have/has a pain + in + the+表示身体部位的名词 I have a pain in the stomach.7.with的用法 “带有；具有” drink some hot tea with honey“和一起”“使用” 注：with引导的介词短语置于主语之后时，句中谓语动词的单复数要与该短语前的主语的单复数保持一致（就前原则） A woman with two children is coming into the shop.8. surprise、surprised、surprising单词辨析 (n.) to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是 in surprise 惊奇地 surprise (v.) surprise sb.使某人吃惊的是surprised(adj.) be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇 (主语是人) be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊奇surprising(adj.) “令人惊讶的是”主语通常是物9. thanks to 和thanks for辨析thanks to “幸亏，由于” ，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式thanks for 因而感谢 ，后跟感谢的原因10. happen 的用法1 sth. happen(s/ed)+时间/地点 某时/某地发生了某事2 sth. happen(s/ed) to sb. 某人发生了某事3 sb. happen(s/ed) to do sth. 某要碰巧做某事11. be used to 习惯于；适应于 be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事 be used to do sth . 被用来做某事 used to do sth . 过去常常做某事12. run out 和run out of 辨析 sb. run out of sth. =sb. use up sth. 某人用完某物 sth. run out =sth. be used up 某物被用完13. mean (v.) 意思是；打算；意欲 （meant) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 meaning(n.)意思 the meaning of 的意思 meaningless (adj.) 毫无意义的14. death (n.) 死；死亡 the death of 的死亡 die(v.) 死 dead(adj. )死的 dying(adj.）垂死的u 必备句型1. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） see sb. do sth . 看见某人做某事的全过程 （强调动作的结果或过程） 2. take sb./sth. to sp.把某人/某物带到某地3. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 赞同某人4.expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事5. have trouble / problems (in ) doing sth .做某事有困难6. be interested in (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感兴趣7. be ready to do sth .准备好做某事；乐意做某事8. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 9. mind doing sht. 介意做某事10.give up doing sth .放弃做某事 11. decide to do sth. =make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 u 必备句子1. You need to take breaks away from the computer.2. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. (without可与ifnot 同义句转换) I cant finish the work without his help. =I cant finish the work if he doesnt help me.3. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.4.The driver didnt think about himeself. He only thought about saving a life. 5. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer?6. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.7. This means being a difficult situationg that you cannot seem to get out of.反身代词第一人称第二人称第三