2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练二猜测词语类.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练二猜测词语类(xx广东佛山市检测)The times are changing. On Thursday October 13th, singersongwriter Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, marking the first time the highlyeyedon literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician, and giving rise to heated discussions.The 75yearold won the prize “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”， the Swedish Academy said.“For 54 years he has been at it, reinventing himself，” said Sara Danius, the academys permanent secretary. “Bob Dylan writes poetry for the ear. But its perfectly fine to read his works as poetry.”And while many Dylans fans have found great delight at the news，others online and in the literary munity are cross with the mittee, saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year.New York Times Book Review editor Pamela Paul said it was good news but pointed out how many “deserving” novelists there are.Director Martin Scorsese put out a statement saying he was “overjoyed” that Dylan was awarded the prize.“Dylans poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world，” Scorsese said. “His work has influenced and shaped culture, and he has never stopped exploring and growing as an artist. The Nobel mittee has given Dylan a form of recognition that fits his role in our culture in world culture.”Dylan won a Pulitzer Prize in xx for his “great influence on popular music and American culture”. Hes the first American to win the literary Nobel since Toni Morrison in 1993.体裁：说明文题材：文化教育主题：诺贝尔文学奖被授予一位歌手而引发热议【语篇导读】作为一名歌手，鲍勃迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息让很多人大感意外，从而引发热议。1Why does Bob Dylans winning the Nobel Prize cause heated discussions?AHe created poetic expressions.BHe is known as a musician.CHe reinvents himself.DHe is 75 years old.解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段中的. marking the first time the highlyeyedon literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician.可知，正是因为鲍勃迪伦是一位歌手，所以获得诺贝尔文学奖才引发热议。故选B项。2Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 4?Aare thankful to Bare satisfied withCare angry with Dare worried about解析：C词义猜测题。第四段开头的And while many Dylans fans have found great delight at the news中while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，所以后面的others online and in the literary munity are cross with the mittee中的are cross with与found great delight意思应该相反。再根据最后的saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year可判断，are cross with应表示“对生气”，而不是D项中的“担心”。故选C项。3What can we know about Dylan according to Martin Scorsese?ADylan influences Martin a lot.BDylan is happy with the award.CDylan is a poet rather than a musician.DDylan benefits a lot from world culture.解析：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Dylans poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world可知，鲍勃迪伦对他影响很大。故选A项。4What is the passage mainly about?AA brief introduction to Bob Dylan.BThe reason for Bob Dylans success.CBob Dylans influence on American culture.DDifferent views on Bob Dylans winning the Nobel Prize.解析：D主旨大意题。文章开头就点明了鲍勃迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖引起了热议，接着说明了不同的人对此事的不同态度。故选D项。B(xx云南高三年级八校跨区调研)If our kids dont fall, they dont learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. Im the oldest of four children, and no doubt shed had a long day with the other kids and itd slipped her mind. After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me.Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused. It was midterm, and as a straightA student ready to start college applications, being late wasnt an option. In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything Id worked for. But she held_her_ground,_and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.My mom didnt rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. Its how we selfeducate to learn whats right and respectable, and whats not. Its how we bee responsible and enthusiastic.Falling down makes us better, because we learn how to get up.【解题导语】本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。【难句分析】Now, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves.分析：这是一个复合句。本句含有that引导的宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句，how引导表语从句。译文：现在，作为一个母亲，我意识到我想让我的孩子经历失败，因为失败是我们如何成长、学习和思考的一个过程。5Why did the author shout at her mother?ABecause she was tired after walking home.BBecause she missed some important tests.CBecause her mother had ruined her future.DBecause her mother didnt pick her up home.解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气。故选D。6How does the author feel about her experience now?ADisappointed. BMerciful.CBeneficial. DEmbarrassed.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Now, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。7What does the underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean?AStuck to her decision. BGave in to me.CSaid yes to me. DStayed in the place.解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“But she held_her_ground,_and that day, I walked to school”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。8What is the best title for the text?AOffer Your Kids Help if NecessaryBStop Rescuing Your Kids from FailureCBe Responsible for Your Kids FailureDTry to Meet Your Kids Demands解析：B考查标题判断。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didnt rescue me from failure”及“I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。干扰项分析：A项“如果有必要，给你的孩子提供帮助”与D项“尽力满足你孩子的要求”均与文章内容相悖。C项“对你孩子的失败负责”是年少时作者对妈妈的不满。C(xx湖南十三校第一次联考)ShowroomingOne of the biggest challenges facing brickandmortar retailers (实体零售店) in recent years has been the “showrooming”. Driven by the desire to get the best prices, many shoppers are now visiting brickandmortar stores to personally check on products that interest them, only to leave and then buy the items online. The new trend is forcing retailers to find out new ways to keep consumers from leaving their store for cheaper prices online.Recent research found that 40 percent of US. shoppers have showroomed previously, with bigbox retailers suffering the most. Specifically, the study shows that Best Buy, Walmart and Target are the most likely brickandmortar stores to have shoppers test out a product instore and then purchase it online later, while Amazon is benefiting most from the practice, with nearly 60 percent of shoppers using the online retail giant (巨人) most often to make their showrooming purchases.Smartphones have pushed showrooming into the front. Shoppers no longer have to wait until they get home to see if they can find a cheaper price for the products theyre considering buying. With smartphones, consumers can now pare virtual prices, at both other brickandmortar stores and online ones while still inside a retail store. If they can find what theyre seeking for less expensive online, the majority will be seeking_the_first_exit. A recent study showed that 45 percent of customers shopping at brickandmortar stores walk out and buy their purchases online for a discount of as little as 2.5 percent.This puts pressure on retailers to provide both an instore experience worth staying for and an online presence that can attract shoppers who are showrooming in other businesses.To cut down on showrooming, many retailers are adopting new methods to keep shoppers in their stores. Among the steps theyre taking are pricematching guarantees that allow shoppers to pay a discounted price if they find it cheaper online. This ensures that even a showrooming shopper can make the purchase in the store regardless of whether they find the cheaper price online.Another popular method to fight against showrooming is to give shoppers the ability to buy something online and pick it up at the store. This reduces shopping costs and gets customers in the store, where they may be encouraged to make an additional purchase.It is also important for businesses to take into consideration what makes shoppers purchase something instore rather than online, and meet those needs. Research has found that more than 8 in 10 Americans consider being able to take the goods home immediately and the ability to touch and feel themthe most important aspects when deciding to purchase in a store rather than online.体裁：说明文题材：社会现象主题：实体店体验与网上购物【语篇导读】近年来，实体店面临的最大挑战就是消费者在实体店体验产品之后。却在网上购买产品。针对此现象，许多零售商开始实施新的策略，以把顾客留在实体店。9According to the passage, a showrooming shopper tends to _.Apay for everything onlineBpurchase online for a lower priceCrush to buy things in a storeDhave better bargaining skills解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Driven by the desire to get the best prices, many shoppers are now visiting brickandmortar stores to personally check on products that interest them, only to leave and then buy the items online.可知，这个群体的消费者一般都是先从实体店里看过或试过想购买的商品，然后再在网络上搜索这些商品并购买。故选B项。10What contributes to the growing popularity of showrooming?AThe advertisements by online retail giants.BThe petition between big stores.CThe wide use of smartphones.DThe decline of the brickandmortar stores.解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Smartphones have pushed showrooming into the front.可知，正是智能手机推动了这种现象。故选C项。11.The underlined words “seeking the first exit” in Paragraph 3 probably mean“_”Asearching for lower pricesBmaking a purchase on the spotClocating the first exit quickly Dleaving as soon as possible解析：D词义猜测题。根据对画线部分所在句子前后句的理解可知，消费者通过网络搜寻到这种货物在网络中的售价比实体店的售价便宜后，他们会立刻离开实体店，然后在网店下单购买。故选D项。12The last three paragraphs mainly talk about ways of _.Aincreasing sales at storesBpreventing purchase onlineCsatisfying customers needsDadvising shoppers to buy more解析：A推理判断题。分析文章的后三段，从每一段的首句都可以看出，这三段都是在讲述让实体店挽回顾客增加盈利的一些方法与措施。故选A项。长难句分析： the desire to get the best prices，) ( check on products that ，) (only then buy the items online.)句意：在渴望获得最优惠价格的驱使下，许多购物者现在都到实体店参观，亲自查看他们感兴趣的产品，然后离开，在网上购买商品。2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练四句意猜测类(xx山西省省际名校联考)This time last year I entered two longdistance massparticipation swimming events, including the Jubilee River 10 km swim. At the last minute, just before both swims, I decided to pull out. The reality is, I live in fear of ing last.Last year, before the two events, I realized that I couldnt deal with ing last. I had looked at the swim times of those who had pleted the previous year and calculated that, at my current swim pace, I would probably have e last in both. I just couldnt face it. But when next year came around, I decided to enter those same events again.For a few months, I trained hard, but I didnt get any faster. Then it was June 5, the day of the Jubilee River 10 km. The event started at 9：30 am., and the swimmers were anxious and eager to start. As I swam along, the river was quiet and clean and everything was peaceful. The sun shone. Meadows (草地) rolled by and every now and then someone would wave at the scene unfolding in the water.As the day wore on, somehow I didnt mind that, predictably, almost everyone was ahead. There were at least some swimmers still near me, and although we shared the same river we quietly occupied our own spaces. As I concentrated on doing my own thing, watching the sky, the bank, the other swimming caps passing or not passing. I realized I was enjoying myself.In the end, four hours and 29 minutes after Id started, I staggered (摇摇晃晃地走) out of the water and was greeted with a smile and a “well done” from the race organizer. I glanced back over my shoulder toward the water and noticed that there were a small handful of swimmers who were still to finish, behind me, out of a field of around 300 swimmers. But it didnt matter. I_was_just_relieved,_proud_and_happy_to_finish.As I drove away, my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it, my fears of ing last gently receding (渐渐远去)体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：克服最后一名的恐惧【语篇导读】作者通过描述自己参加游泳比赛的经历告诉我们最后一名并不可怕，关键是要学会享受比赛的过程。1The author intended to quit swimming mainly because _.Ashe feared that she couldnt finish the two racesBshe was afraid that she would let family members downCshe was unwilling to accept the possibility of finishing lastDshe wasnt fully prepared for the two races解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者放弃比赛是因为害怕自己是最后一名。故选C项(她不愿接受成为最后一名的可能性)。2The author hopes to convey the message that _.Anever give up when facing challengesBit is process that matters mostCfailure is the mother of successDwinners always take it all解析：B推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，在游泳的过程中，当作者关注自己的事情时，无论别人游得快慢，作者都不介意，并且意识到自己乐在其中。所以作者想要传达给我们的信息是：过程最重要。故选B项。3What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 5?AShe took pride in leaving all the other swimmers behind.BShe was proud that she was not the last one in the race.CShe was glad to finish the race and had a sense of relief.DShe was proud to be praised by the organizer.解析：C词义猜测题。结合前一句But it didnt matter.可知，relieved意为“减轻的；缓和的”，这和C项中的a sense of relief(解脱感)意思相符；proud and happy to finish在句中作伴随状语。该句意为“我只是松了一口气，为自己完成比赛感到骄傲和快乐”。故选C项。快解：本题可先分析选项，根据C项中的a sense of relief可判断，这是正确选项，该短语与画线句中的relieved为同义表达。4It can be inferred from the end that the author is likely to _.Aparticipate in another race without any hesitationBanalyze the reason why she failed in the raceClose confidence pletelyDdecide whether she is suitable for the race解析：A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it可知，作者盼望着参加下一次比赛，故选A项(毫不犹豫地参加另一次比赛)。B(xx四川绵阳高中第二次诊断性考试)Some people call it a traveling museum. Others refer to it as a living or openair museum. Built in Brazil to honor Columbus first voyage to the New World, the Nina, a Columbusera replica (复制品) ship, provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus favorite ship from over 500 years ago.I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores, Alabama, in February xx. As part of a research project sponsored by my university, my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog. I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to schoolage children. The fieldtrip tour of the Nina is handson learning at its best. In this setting, students could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone (压舱石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus days. They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time. I was pleased to see the students bee active participants in their learning process.The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips. A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example, allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s. Historical guides, dressed in period costumes, give tours of the Susan Constant，Godspeed, and Discovery. These guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period. Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to better understand the daily life in the past.My experience on the Nina helps testify (证实) my longheld belief that students stay interested, ask better questions, and engage (参与) in higherorder thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process. The_students_who_boarded_the_Nina_came_as_passive_learners._They_left_as_bold_explorers.【解题导语】本文介绍了哥伦布航海时的航船的复制品Nina，它是一个开放的博物馆。学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动参与学习。【难句分析】In this setting, students could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone (压舱石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus days.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus days为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词tiller。译文：在这里学生可以触摸船缆，传阅压舱石，移动特大的在哥伦布时代用以控制航向的舵柄。5What occupation is the author engaged in?AShipping.BEducation.CEcological tourism.DMuseum administration.解析：B考查推理判断。根据第二段的第三句“I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to schoolage children”可知，作者在给学龄儿童介绍有关航船复制品Nina的历史知识；据此可以判断，作者从事的是教育行业，故B项正确。干扰项分析：A项意为“航运”，C项意为“生态旅游”，D项意为“博物馆管理”，都与语境不符。6Which of the following is true about the Nina introduced in the passage?AShe is a replica of a ship that Columbus built in Brazil.BShe is always crowded with foreign tourists during holidays.CShe is the boat Columbus sailed in his voyage to the New World.DShe displays what Columbus ship was like and how it operated.解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句中的“provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus favorite ship”可知，Nina为人们提供了哥伦布的航船的原貌；根据第二段的“ In this setting, students could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone (压舱石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus day