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New Development in Control System EPS, a.s. Electrical Substation Outdoor LightingIvo UllmanHV Substation Power Equipment and Buildings EPS, a.s. Elektrrensk 774/2, 101 52 Praha Praha, Czech RepublicAbstractCurrently, the outdoor lighting of EPS, a.s. electrical substation project and its realization will have been accomplished very soon. The new system of controlling the lighting is now being developed by means of PAC - Programmable Automation Control. The lighting system can be remotely controlled whereas every single section of the electrical substation lighting system can be diagnosed and monitored. LED lamps used for security purposes enable to set the lighting properly according to the security cameras requirements and to dim the lighting if needed. This system assures the optimal use of the outdoor lighting together with the innovation of security cameras in EPS, a.s. electric substationsKeywords Outdoor lighting; Electrical substation; Light measurement; PAC Programmable Automation Control;I. INTRODUCTIONBoth, reconstruction of electrical substations of Czech transmission system and construction of new stations include new outdoor lighting project and installation according to relevant technical standards, especially SN EN 12 464-2 Light and lighting Part 2: Lighting of work places Outdoor work places, it was introduced in 1.Within standardization in EPS, a. s. a new technical standard has been processed. The standard TN 59 Outdoor lighting of transmission system electrical substations specifies claims for a realization of lighting types in 2. The standard describes principles of lighting system installation. It says how to manipulate the lighting system with regard to electrical substations safety and it also includes requirements for making project documentation.There are three major aims of the new outdoor lighting project to be achieved. First aim is to comply with requirements of the technical standard SN EN 12464-2 Outdoor work places.The second one is to reduce obtrusive light and the last one is to provide optimal lighting condition for cameras in security system of the station.By the time the outdoor lighting implementation is finished, a group of experts (VB Technical University ofThis paper has been supported by project KONTAKT II: LH11125 of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and project SP2014/45.Jan Otpka, Tom MlkDepartment of Electrical Engineering VB Technical University of Ostrava Ostrava Poruba, Czech Republic Ostrava) measure the lighting values, make a final protocol and also evaluate achieved lighting system parameters.II. PROJECT PREPARATIONTo fulfil the Project Plan for electric substation reconstruction, the project documentation has to be made.The project documentation deals with the outdoor lighting as an object of construction SO 340 Outdoor Lighting.First of all, a project designer has to calculate the lighting values of every single unit of the electric substation in accordance with EPS, a. s. technical standard TN 59 Outdoor lighting of transmission system electrical substations PS that includes standard requirements SN EN 12464-2 and SN CEN/TR 13201-1-4.The project calculation includes: Fence lighting (surrounding the electrical substation fence). Road lighting (all roads that can be used by cars in the electrical substation). Lighting of work places (a substation 420kV, a substation 245kV; transformer lighting).The required parameters for design of operating lighting are introduced in following table.TABLE I.REQUIRED PARAMETERS FOR LIGHTINGOF WORK PLACESType of area, task ormUoGRLRaactionlx-Pedestrians operation inelectrically safe area50.255020Overall control500.405020Repairing of electrical device(applying a mobile lighting )2000.504560978 - 1 - 4799 - 3807 - 0/14/$31.00 2014 IEEEThe transformers are highly recommended to be lit by flood lights with an asymmetric light distribution curve and the metal halide lamps as a light source. The required illuminance is maintained at 50 lx in both, horizontal and vertical directions, which is included in 3. To avoid an obtrusive light are during operation the work places lighting in substations provided with sodium discharge flood lights with the asymmetric light distribution curve, it is presented in 4.All kinds of designed lightings are required to substantially reduce an obtrusive light according to the standard SN EN 12464-2. Electrical substations are classified according to the introduced standard as zone 2 areas with very poor luminance, e.g. industrial and residential areas. Maximum of the luminous flux running directly from luminaries to upper half-space can be 5% of the total luminous flux.To reach the correct function of CCTV - TSFO the lighting system design has to be provided with a good quality camera luminance. E.g.: The required luminance of a front gate is 50 lx and it should be designed as a flood light with a metal halide discharge lamp provided with a motion detector that can be switched on in the dark. The lighting at 50 lx together with the camera system enables to recognize a car type, a license plate or people getting off the car in front of the gate, it is introduced in 5, 6 and 7.Following pictures show examples of the Dialux program calculation and its visualization. It calculates work places lighting of TR Petice substation (R 420 kV), it could be seen on Fig. 1.Fig. 1. Visualization of the calculation, Project TR Petice substation (R 420 kV) a part of isolines and the calculated value Em.The project must contain the complete electronic and paper form for calculation including luminary and technical parameters of lighting systems in an electrical substation.In the paper form the lighting calculation results are required to be included in one copy of construction realization project documentation.At the same time the electronic form including the calculation is required for lighting systems parameters to be checked during the final measurement.Fig. 2. Visualization of the calculation. Project TR Petice substation (R 420 kV) - shown in false colours.Fig. 3. Calculation of the lighting project TR Kletn electric substation (R 420 kV) designed by isolines.Fig. 4. Visualization of the lighting project TR Kletn electric substation (R 420 kV) designed by isolines.The final measurement is divided into two phases. When the installation of luminaries is done the first measurement verifies conditions of real lighting in every unit of the electric substation. It also determines the suitable direction of rotation of luminaries. The parameters of lighting are controlled by the second measurement on the whole area of electrical substation. The results of artificial illumination measurement are subsequently processed into a protocol, it is describe in 8.III. PROJECT REALIZATIONProject documentation data are used for the project realization. It is necessary to have a building permit according to the Documentation for Construction. The documentation also contains a calculation of lighting values. During the project realization comments and requirements of an appropriate authority (Construction Department or Ministry of the Environment) must be respected and followed in 9 and 10.Next level of the project documentation deals with concrete realization of outdoor lighting. It also provides necessary data for organizers being responsible for a building competition.Within the project the outdoor lighting is realized as the construction file SO 340 Outdoor lighting. The installation being continuously monitored during a construction should correspond to the project. The project designer, who is in charge of supervision, also deals with potential changes.To achieve an appropriate and efficient installation of the luminaires a technical drawing including lights position and inclination needs to be designed. Anybody who constructs the lighting should easily understand the technical drawing, especially the lighting direction.After the installation is done a coordination meeting should be arranged. The meeting includes competition organizers, an operator, the project designer and a group of people who measure the lighting values.There are two aims of the meeting: the first one is to arrange a measurement program and the second one is to set a group of specialists who cooperate during the measurements. (e. g. TSFO camera recording or Regular Services remote supervision). For a good quality of lighting in electrical substations it is essential that the measurement of lighting values is carried out. The group of people who are in charge of the measurement belongs to VSB Technical University of Ostrava. The project documentation provides necessary data for the measurement. It consists of a lighting calculation and lighting parameters of every single lighting type (roads, fence or work places lighting).Technical standard TN 59 precisely determines the ways of measurement and also a position of measuring points.A. Fence lightingDuring reviewing the field area a grid system is created while points of the grid are separated by 5 or 10 m. The horizontal illuminance is measured at 0 m; ground level.B. Road lightingThe measuring points are always positioned in the centre of the road. The illuminance is reviewed at 0 m; road level. The measuring points are positioned 10 m from each other.C. Lighting of work placesDuring reviewing the field area a grid system is created while points of the grid are separated by 5 or 10 m. Horizontal illuminance is measured at 0 m; ground level.Both, horizontal and vertical illuminance are measured while some of work places are being checked. The horizontal illuminance is measured on the level of the line of sight (eye task area). The vertical illuminance is also measured in the eye task area (e. g. a side of a device).D. Position of transformers and dampersAll transformers surfaces shall be lit, especially the upper parts, including bushing. Regarding the safety the value of horizontal and vertical illuminance should be m 50 lx.There are two phases of the lighting measurement. The basic phase includes an absolute measurement of all types of luminaires and also compares the results with the same parameters which are included in the project documentation. The result of this measurement is determined faults and requirements for repairing of luminaries direction. When the faults are removed (usually a sky lift or climbing equipment are needed) the second measurement phase can start.To achieve optimal parameters of the outdoor lighting of the electric substation all lighting processes must be perfectly and totally measured.Measuring of artificial lighting in the substation TR Kletn brought a technical report as a result. The report is called “Measuring of Lighting and Technical Parameters in TR Kletn”. First the subject of measurement is introduced, and then relevant methods of lighting measurement are described. The methods should match with already mentioned current technical standards EPS TN 59/2010, SN EN 12 464-2 and SN 36 0011. The project documentation of the construction is used as a basic material for the measurement. At the same time an environmental zone categorization is required. Everything is measured including roads, operation areas in substations, areas of fence lighting, camera lighting and radiation into the upper halfspace. TN 59 contains normative requirements for roads lighting, operation areas in a substation and fence lighting as well. Another normative requirements deal with obtrusive light radiation and illuminance of the camera system. Every single area has certain points of different eye tasks for horizontal or vertical illuminance, sometimes for illuminance of the camera system. The methods of measurement include: Date and time of measurement. Meteorological conditions. Measurement development. Luminaires according to the project documentation. Maintenance factor. Used meters (a luminance analyser and a Lux-meter).The points of measurement have been marked according to the project documentation of TR Kletn substation.Fig. 5. Measuring points in the electric substation TR Kletn.The Values that had been measured (e.g. horizontal intensity of gate illuminance and driveway leading to a central building) were processed into statistics it can be seen in Tab. 2. The statistics deal with results of measuring and the intermediate conclusion that was described.TABLE II.THE STATISTICS WITH THE RESULTS OF MEASURING OFILLUMINANCE IN THE SUBSTATIONThe measurement of camera illuminance on transformer T401 is shown on flowing pictures Fig 7, 8, 9, 10.Fig. 6. The daylight camera shot of transformer T401.Fig. 7. The night camera shot of transformer T401.Fig. 8. The camera shot of glare.Fig. 9. The glare map of the shot (the acuteness of shot is not importatnt, becase the approximately decomposition of glare is sufficient for the design of ligthing).To evaluate the camera illuminance two people dressed in two diversely reflective pieces of clothes were used. The cameras were positioned on the most suitable spots for recording.TABLE III.TABLE WITH MEASURED ILLUMINANCE AND GLARE FORSYSTEM TSFOAnother important part of the measurement is the obtrusive light measurement. This one has been done on a bridge above the D1 highway, seen on Fig. 11 a and b.a)b)Fig. 10. Camera shots of luminances during illuminance measurement of TR Kletn recorded from the D1 highway, a) the camera picture of the glare, b) the picture of the glare map.TABLE IV.THE VALUE OF GLARE WHICH ARE MEASURED IN SUBSTATIONAREATR Kletn was classified as a part of the environmental zone according to the previous measurements. It was found that only 2.5 % of the luminous flux radiate from luminaires to the upper halfspace. As a result of this measurement the value TR Kletn electric substation has been classified as a part of Environmental Zone 2.IV.OPTIMIZATION OF THE LIGHTING SYSTEM CONTROLToday a new control system is being evolved. It works as a programmable device a small control PAC system that has its basic unit in a central building and other units in buildings of secondary technologies. Communication between the units is realized by means of LAN so the use of metal cables can be radically reduced, it introduced in 11.The small control system PAC fulfils safety conditions. The outdoor lighting of electric substations is controlled in cooperation with a safety camera system (CCTV). A remote access VPN should also be possible.The electric substation lighting system is monitored and diagnosed during operation. The diagnosis can be used for the control system. A number of operating hours of the luminaires are used to optimize the lighting system maintenance. Conditions of the luminaires are essential for the inspection and the common maintenance Condition Based Maintenance (CBM).The operating conditions of the electric substation lighting system will be chec