故宫-介绍-英文

This is the palace museum also know as the Purple Forbidden City It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today Beijing Forbidden City is the head of the world s top five palace The Forbidden City was built begin in 1406 and it took 14 years to built it The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi North to south is 961 meters and 753 meters from east to west And the area of about 725 000 square meters The Imperial Palace has 8704 rooms In 1987 the Forbidden City was recognized a world cultural legacy leg si 这是故宫博物院 也被称为紫禁城 它是北京现在最大 保存最完好的宫 殿 北京故宫是世界五大宫殿之首 紫禁城建于 1906 年 历时 14 年建造完成 第一个明朝统治者朱棣便住在这里 故宫南北长 961 米 东西宽 753 米 建地 面积725 000 平方米 宫殿共有 8704 个房间 在 1987 年紫禁城成为世界文化遗产 Forbidden City building Classified as outside in and inner court two parts 太和 palace 中和 palace and 保和 palace are the center of the outside in Where the emperor would hold meeting and exercise of power 乾清 palace 交泰 palace 坤宁 palace are center of Inner court Feudal emperors and princess lived here 故宫的建筑分为 外朝 与 内廷 两大部分 外朝以太和殿 中和殿 保和殿三大殿为中心 是皇帝举行朝会和行使权力的地方 内廷以乾清宫 交 泰殿 坤宁宫后三宫为中心是封建帝王与后妃居住之所 The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are symbolic Red represents happiness good fortune and wealth Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau the original home of the Chinese people Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture Dragon lion and other animals are a symbol of good fortune and dignity The pine trees and cypress saipris trees and the pavilions make people feel beautiful and quiet 红色和黄色红色和黄色作为宫殿墙壁主色调是一种象征 红色代表快乐 好运气 和 财富 黄色是中国人的起源地黄土高原大地的颜色 在唐朝黄色成为了代表帝 王的颜色 仅有少数人可以穿它 并且也将黄色用于建筑 龙凤 狮子等动物龙凤 狮子等动物 象征这吉祥和威严 这些松树 柏树 还有小亭子松树 柏树 还有小亭子给人以幽美恬静的感觉 The Forbidden City had three large scale maintenance The first time was in 1949 when New China has founded This maintenance fundamentally changed the old society and show a magnificent scale The second time is in 1973 people has protected the palace professional The third time is since 2002 continued in 2020 the palace is re repiring and Open areas will increase from the current 30 to 70 紫禁城总共进行了三次大规模的维修 第一次是在 1949 年新中国成立的时 候 这次维修从根本上改变了宫殿的旧社会形态 展现了宏伟壮观的规模 第二次是在 1973 年 人们对它进行了更多专业的保护 第三次从 2002 年将一直持续到 2020 年 将使宫殿的开放区从 30 增加到 70 There are four entrances into the city The Meridian Gate to the south the Shenwu Gate Gate of Military Prowess to the north the Donghua to the east and the Xihua Gate to the west 故宫有四个大门 南门为午门 北门为神武门 东门为东华门 西门为西华 门 午门 the shape of the gate is the most high level form Wumen gate where the emperor ordered the expedition and few people can walk through this gate 午门的形状是最高级别的形式 午门是皇帝下令出征的地方 仅有很少一部 分人可以通过这个门 神武门 Shenwumen is a daily access gate Now this gate is the main entrance 神武门是日常出入的门 现在是故宫的正门 Inside the 太和 gate there are太和 palace 中和 palace and 保和 palace These three palace are the maintain architecture of the palace museum Their height of different shapes and different roof forms these seem rich and diverse 位于太和门内 是太和殿 中和殿 保和殿 这是故宫的三大主要建筑 它们高矮造型不同 屋顶形式也不同 显得丰富多样 太和殿 This is the most grandeur And this temple area is the largest one of various in Forbidden City This temple is the place where the emperor held a major ceremony like the emperor ascended the throne birthdays weddings New Year s Day 太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑 建地面积是紫禁城中宫殿最大的 太和殿是 皇帝举行重大典礼的地方 比如 皇帝即位 生日 婚礼 元旦 等 中和殿 zhonghedian is located the back of the taihe temple Where the emperor to take a break before the ceremony and do a pre exercise 中和殿在太和殿的后面 是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪 的地方 保和殿 Baohe temple is a place where the annual New Year s Eve kings and emperors entertain the other kings and is also the place where examinations held and successful candidates 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴的场所 保和殿也是科举考试举行殿试的地方 御花园 There are many pine trees and cypress trees besides some other precious trees some rockery and pavilions The 万春 pavilion and 千秋 pavilion are the preservation of the most beautiful and ancient style 御花园里面栽种了很多松柏 和一些珍贵的树种 还有一些假山和小亭子 其中万春亭和千秋亭是目前保存的古亭中最为华丽的 乾清宫 Palace of Heavenly Purity in the Forbidden City in top court T here is a throne in the middle of the temple There are aboveboard plaque two sides of the this court are the places where emperor reading and sleeping The south of the court is a room that the son of emperor can reading and studying 乾清宫在在故宫内庭最前面 殿的正中有宝座 内有 正大光明 匾 乾清宫的两头是皇帝读书 就寝之地 厅的南面是皇子读书学习的地方 坤宁宫 kunning gong in the last surface of the Forbidden City in chambers Kunning Gong is the Queen s chambers in the Ming Dynasty And then it turns to be a ritual place 坤宁宫坤宁宫在故宫 内庭 最后面 坤宁宫是明朝皇后寝宫 清代改为祭神 场所 交泰殿 This temple in the Palace of Heavenly Purity and between Kunning Gong The temple is the Queen s Birthday Celebration birthday activities 交泰殿在乾清宫和坤宁宫之间该殿是皇后生日举办寿庆活动的地方 东西六宫 There are 6 temples in the east and west Ming and Qing imperial concubines used to live 东西六宫是明清时期嫔妃居住的地方 It is believed that the Palace Museum or Zi Jin Cheng Purple Forbidden City got its name from astronomy folklore The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan North Star The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence In folklore the term an eastern purple cloud is drifting became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher LaoZi to the Hanghu Pass Here purple is associated with auspicious developments The word jin forbidden is self explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off limits to ordinary people The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west It has 9 900 rooms under a total roof area 150 000 square meters A 52 meter wide moat encircles a 9 9 meter high wall which encloses the complex Octagon shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall There are four entrances into the city the Meridian Gate to the south the Shenwu Gate Gate of Military Prowess to the north and the Xihua Gate Gate of military Prowess to the north and the Xihua Gate Western Flowery Gate to the west the Donghua Eastern Flowery Gate to the east Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City A total of 230 000 artisans and one million laborers were employed Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province Timber was cut processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions 故宫博物院 英文导游辞 作者 admin 知识来源 本站原创 点击数 380 更新时间 2005 8 10 繁體中 文 Hello everyone We are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest This scenic spot is located at the center of Beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs it is simply a sea of palaces This is the world famous wonder the Palace Museum The Palace Museum has served as the royal residence during the Ming and Qing dynasties It was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years The Palace Museum as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout Beijing is unique for its location to the northwest is Beihai North Sea Park famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake to the west is the Zhongnahai central and south sea to the east lies the the Wangfujing Shopping Street and to the north id Jinshan Park Standing in the Wanchun Everlasting Spring Pavilion at the top of Jingshan Charcoal Hill Park you overlook the skyline of the palace Museum At the southern end of the palace is Tian anmen Gate of Heavenly Peace and the famous square named after it This is the symbol of the People s Republic of China A world famous historical site the Palace Museum is on the World Heritage List of UNESCO and is an embodiment of oriental civilization The Palace Museum is rectangular in shape 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west covering a space of 720 000 square meters of which 150 000 is building area It has 9000 strong rooms in it According to legend there are 9999 5 room units in all The whole compound is enclosed by a 10 meter hign wall and is accessed through four entrances namely the meridian Gate in the south the Gate of Military Prowess in the north Donghua Eastern Flowery Gate in the north Donghua Eastern Flowery Gate in the east and Xihua Western Flowery Gate in the west On each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams 18 pillars and 72 ridge Encircling the compound there is a 3 800 meter long and 52 meter wide moat making the Palace Museum a self defensive city within a city The Palace Museum was made a center of rule during the Ming Dynasty by Zhun Di The fourth son of the founding emperor Zhuyuanzhang The whole complex straddles on an 8 kilometers long central axis that stretches from Yongding Forever Stable Gate in the south to Gulou Drum Tower in the north Prominence was given to the royal power by putting the three main front halls and three back halls on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them The construction of the Palace Museum involved manpower and resources across China For example the bricks laid in the halls known as gold brick underwent complex two dozen processes As the final touch the fired bricks were dipped in Chinese wood oil Involving complicated processes and high cost these brick are called golden bricks The Palace Museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to China s ancient architecture It reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the Chinese working people A carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences the Palace Museum is a prominent historical and tourist site What we are now approaching is the main entrance to the Palace Museum the Meridian Gate which is characterized by red walls yellow glazed tile roofs and upturned eaves On top of this walls yellow glazed tile roofs and upturned eaves On top of this magnificent building there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center The main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room units It is flanked by two wings on each side The wings are square in shape complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles All of these structures are connected by a colonnade Because these halls resemble a soaring bird it was also know as wufenglou Five phoenix Tower Inside the main hall there is a throne Drums and bells were stored in the wings Whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the Hall of Upreme Harmony drums bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion As the legend goes the Meridian Gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed This not true However flogging was carried out here by the Ming emperors If a courtier falls afoul of the emperor he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick At one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion On the other hand this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional Chinese Lantern Festival 15th day of the first lunar month On these occasions Chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials Upon entering the Meridian Gate we began our tour of the Palace Museum The river foowing in front of us is known as Jin Shui He Golden Water River and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the Inner Golden Water Bridges The on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs The bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members The rest were used by palatines Aside from decoration the golden Water River was also dug as precaution against fire Most of the structures within the palace Museum are made of wood What is more according to ancient Chinese cosmology the South is the abode of fire so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the Palace In this way the Palace Museum reflects traditional Chinese culture This building is called the Gate of Supreme Harmony In the foreground stand two bronze lions Can anybody tell which is male and which is female The one on the east playing with a ball is male symbolizing power and universal unity The other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female The one on the east playing with a ball is male symbolizing power and universal unity The other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female representing prosperity the endless succession A layout of the Palace Museum is posted by the entrance From it you can see that the Palace Museum has two main parts the forecourt and the inner court The three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites Behind the forecourt there is the inner court consisting of major halls and the Imperial Garden It was where the emperor attended state affairs lived and enjoyed his luxurious life The exhibition system of the Palace Museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture The Palace Museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure or one sixth of the total number in all of China s museums There are the three main halls of the Palace museum built on a triple marble terrace Since most of China s architecture is made of wood the buildings cannot be too tall To gain the height of the architecture ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace It is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square On stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods The verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes which served as symbols of longevity On the east is a sundial an ancient timepiece On the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable In the front and on each flank there is a pair of gilt bronze vats caldrons molded during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty Each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire The structure in the very middle is the Hall of Supreme Harmony also known as the throne hall It is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear With terrace exclusive the hall is 26 92 meters in height and is 35 03 meters in all Covering and areaof 2 377 square meters the Hall of Supreme Harmony is China s largest exiting wooden structure The hall is supported by 6 thick round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons As the holiest place in the hall the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time The throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants Luduan a unicorn which could travel 18 000 kilometers a day and understand all languages cranes and incense barrels Over the throne there is the caisson or covered ceiling which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth This ball is known as Xuanyuan Mirror and was supposedly made by a Chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs The throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold Magnificently built and luxuriously decorated this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs He used his hall for major events such as his birthday conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war Behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony there sits the Hall of Complete Harmony This structure is square in shape Each side is 24 15 meters This was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme Harmony to observe rites This was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers before he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies A grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood There are two sedan chairs on display in the hall Behind the Hall of Complete Harmony you will see the Hall of Preserving Harmony which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held The imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the Sui Dynasty China s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty To the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs the largest of its kind in the whole country It is 16 57 meters in length 3 07 meters in width 1 7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons It was quarried in Fangshan County in suburban Beijing To bring this giant piece of stone to Beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process We are now standing before the square of the Hall of Heaven Purity It served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court This building is known as the Gate of Heavenly Purity Emperor Qianlong held court here Proceeding further north you can find three main rear halls i e the hall of heavenly purity the Hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility The hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named af