英语选词填空(要整理)

1 中考英语选词填空试题解题指导 选词填空型 完形填空 是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空 词序打 乱 让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空 此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基 础上通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式 要完成好这类题 做到事半功倍 需要掌握 一定的方法与技巧 1 在拿到题目后 不要急于看文章 首先对备选的词汇研究几遍 对词性作简单 的标记 例如 名词 n 动词 v 形容词 a 副词 ad 等等 同时对词义作初步的理解 2 统览全 局 把握大意 要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定 只有了解了短文的大意 把握了全 局才能主导方向 从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子 缩小词的选择范围 3 根据语法 判定 词性 一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性 进一步缩小词的选择范围 从而正确地选词 4 利用语境 确定词形 当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其 形式 如动词的人称数 时态 语态 不定式 动词的 ing 形式 名词的数和所有格 代词的各种形式 及单复数 形容词 副词的比较级以及基数词 序数词的转换形式等 在填词过程中 需要瞻前顾后 既要符合本句的含义 又要保证句式结构的正确 当你选定一个名词时 要考虑是否要把它变成复数 或 所有格 形式 例如 match matches friend friend s friends 其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容 词 例如 sun sunny use useful useless used danger dangerous 在遇到动词时 要有意识地去考虑时态 和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化 动词不定式 to do 现在分词 doing 过去分词 done 固定搭 配 enjoy doing sth used to do sth have sth done 形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较 级或最高级 还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑 例如 interesting more the most interesting happy happily happy happiness 填入代词时 需注意辨别主格 宾格 名词性和形容 词性物主代词或反身代词的用法 数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法 例 如 three third 2 3 two thirds one thousand thousands of 冠词只需要在 a 或 an 之间判别 如 a girl an old man 当遇到介词和连词时 就更简单 只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配 填入即可 为了方 便记忆 试着记住下面的顺口溜 空前空后要注意 名词 单复数要牢记 还有 s 不能弃 动词 注意要变形 形副 注意要用三种级 要填 数词 请留意 千万别忘 基 和 序 填入 代 词 需慎重 五格变化要谨记 5 复读全文 验正答案 填完单词后 不可孤立地逐个检查词 而 必须将所有填入的词代入文章中 复读全文 仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容 读起来是否 流畅 是否合乎句法 单词拼写是否有误 单词形式是否正确等 发现问题及时更正 通过再读全文 很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口 读 出来 举例分析 先阅读短文 掌握其大意 然后从方框中所给的词中选出最恰当的 10 个 并用其适当形 式填空 每个词限用一次 French same words Chinese example many why great much what another tell Languages change with time and the world So does English New 1 are borrowed from other languages About nine hundred years ago there were 2 changes in England A great 3 words were borrowed into English from 4 About five hundred years ago there was 5 change This time it was a change in pronunciation 发音 but the spelling was not 6 changed English words are spelled quite the 7 as they were in those days The spelling shows how words were spoken at that time It does not 8 us much about the pronunciation of words today For 9 the letters gh in the word night show us nothing about how it is spoken now That s 10 students learning English find English spelling so confusing 容易弄混 淆的 答案简析 通过阅读 我们知道这是一篇关于英语词汇和读音的演变 1 words 意思是 一些新的词 汇是借用于其他语言 2 great 巨大的变化 为 great change 3 many words 为可数名词的复数 形式 用 many 修饰 4 French 从前文 were borrowed into English from 可知应填 French 法语 5 another 大约 500 年前 英语又发生了变化 6 much 英语发音虽然有了变化 但拼写没有太多的 变化 7 same 拼写还是和原来相同 8 tell 前一句用 shows 很显然 此处应用 tell 表示 告诉 9 example 这里是在举例子 For example 意为 例如 10 why 由于英语在拼写方面没有太大的 变化 而在读音上发生了变化 这就是学英语的学生拼写容易出错的原因 Exercise A 短文填空 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词 用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内 使短文意思正确 通顺 注意 2 每词限用一次 其中有两词多余 enjoy live quiet tired small dinner behind interesting not walk no take Do you know Sun Garden Sun Garden in good place in It s a very district It s on the busy street If you are after work you can the district s quietness here And there is a park near here In the morning or after you can through the park the park is a bookstore There are lots of books in the store So you can often see lots of people reading books in the park B feel give turn work help waiter thing nearly he only else one A woman was eating in a restaurant She asked the waiter to do many 1 for her Now she was 2 the waiter a lot of trouble 3 she asked the waiter to turn on the air conditioner 空调 because she 4 too hot Then she asked him to 5 it off because she was too cold This went on and on for 6 half an hour But the waiter was very kind and 7 He did everything the woman asked 8 to do without getting angry Finally someone 9 in the restaurant asked why the 10 didn t just throw the woman out Oh I don t care the waiter said Smiling We don t even have an air conditioner C call swim anything clever bear can his give girl something read take Many years ago there was a family 1 Franklin They lived in Boston There were five 2 and six boys in the family On a January day in 1760 another baby boy 3 They boy s mother and his father 4 the boy a name Benjamin Benjamin was the 5 of all the children He could read when he was five and he 6 write by the time he was seven When he was eight he was sent to school In school Benjamin had been good at 7 and writing but not good at maths He read all of 8 father s books And whenever 每当 he had a little money he bought a book with it He liked books They told him how to do 9 At that time he invented the paddles 脚蹼 for 10 D need animal I put make except find end look since little enough Let me tell you a story A good friend of 1 lives with six hundred animals on an island Ever 2 he left school he has travelled all over the world 3 for animals for his own zoo He writes books about his travels and about his wonderful 4 The money for his books helps him to pay for all the animal food My friend told me that when he was looking for water last week There is not enough water on the island though there is a lot all around it he 5 oil 石油 He 6 money for his travels and for his zoo and a little oil would buy 7 water for a long time but he knows that if he tells anybody else about it it will be the 8 of his zoo and his life s work So I think he will not tell anybody 9 you and me about what he found because oil and water can t 10 together Oil may bring greater trouble to his animals than not having enough water Do you think so E Leaf then large learn ones grow Thick has mean first easy begin Everybody loves oranges They are sweet and juicy They re in sections so it is 1 to eat them Some or anges do not have any seeds Some have a 2 skin and some have a thin skin The orange tree is beautiful It has a lot of shiny green 3 The small white flowers smell very sweet An orange tree 4 flowers and fruit at the same time There were orange trees twenty million years ago The oranges were very small not like the 5 today The orange tree probably came from China Many different kinds of wild oranges 6 in China today The Chinese started to raise 栽培 orange treees about 4 400 years ago Farmers in other parts of Asia and the Middle East 7 to raise oranges from the chinese 8 they taught Europeans The Spainish planted orange trees in the New Wold North and South America They took them to Florida 9 Oranges are a very important crop in Florida Today In English orange 10 both a fruit and a color We use the name of the fruit for the color KEY A live quiet not tired enjoy small dinner walk Behind interesting B 1 things 2 giving 3 First 4 felt 5 turn 6 nearly 7 helpful 8 him 9 else 10 Waiter C 1 called 2 girls 3 was born 4 gave 5 cleverest 6 could 7 reading 8 his 9 something 10 Swimming D 1 mine 2 since 3 looking 4 animals 5 found 6 needs 7 enough 8 end 9 except 10 be put E 1 easy 2 thick 3 leaves 4 has 5 ones 6 grow 7 learned learnt 8 Then 9 first 10 means 1 well soft second better may 3 strongly afraid sand stay up if now house We can t stop an earthquake 地震 but we can do things to make sure they don t destroy 毁坏 whole cities First it is not a 1 idea to build houses along lines where 2 of the earth s plates 板块 join together Second if you think there 3 be an earthquake it is better to build houses on rocks not on 4 Third you must make the houses as 5 as possible Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake but strong ones may 6 Scientists are 7 that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco 旧 金山 They call it The Big One However people today are still building more 8 The population in and around San Francisco is 9 ten times more than it was in 1906 This means that 10 there is another earthquake a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed 2 forget bring mend beside luck pick same differently I every stop each Mr Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town People sometimes 1 him broken umbrellas and then he took them to a big shop in London They were 2 there One day Mr Brown went to London by train He 3 to take an umbrella with him that day Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 the seat When the train arrived in London Mr Brown 5 up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train Just as he was getting off he was 6 by the man He said angrily That s 7 Mr Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once When Mr Brown got to the big shop the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready After a good look at 8 of them he said You ve mended them very well In the afternoon he got into the train again The 9 man was in the same seat He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas You ve had a 10 day he said 3 not speak call idea and what garden hear quiet do eat name say A farmer saw an old man growing something on the other side of the river The farmer 1 out to him What are you growing Grandpa The old man 2 for a moment then said Swim over 3 I ll tell you The farmer didn t like the 4 of swimming across the river But he wanted to know 5 the old man was doing He swam over The old man said very 6 in his ear I m planting peas in my 7 You should have shouted I would have 8 quite clearly on that side Said the farmer Oh no I wouldn t 9 that The sparrows would have heard me and 10 my peas 4 telephone for lose so strong clever somebody good happy outside everybody at Mrs Andrews had a young cat and it was the cat s first winter One evening it was 1 when it began to snow heavily Mrs Andrews looked 2 it everywhere and shouted its name but she did not find it 3 she telephone the police and said I have 4 a small black cat Has 5 found one No madam said the policeman at the other end But cats are really very 6 animals They sometimes live for days in the snow and when it melts 融化 or somebody finds them they are quite 7 Mrs Andrews felt 8 when she heard this And she said Our cat is very 9 She almost talks The policeman was getting tired Well then he said Why don t you put your 10 down Maybe she is trying to telephone you now 5 tell hear listen to guard drum much fly army with other way instruction Here are some old ways to sending messages An Egyptian 埃及人 put his ear to the ground He 1 the horses coming this way He ran to 2 his people He was a 3 That was one way for Egyptians to send messages People in 4 countries sent message too When enemies came one man beat his drum In the next village people heard the drum and beat their drums too The messages went from village to village by 5 Much 6 some armies 军队 kept many pigeons 鸽子 These pigeons always 7 back When a soldier was sent far away from his own 8 he might take a pigeon along He could tie a message to the bird s leg It would fly back 9 the soldier s message 4 These are shown ways to send messages Can you think of more 10 6 before discover fast in come watch so fastly it ago shine not can Light travels at a speed 速度 which is about a million times 1 than that of sound 2 one second light travels about 300 000 kilometers but sound travels only 340 meters You can get some idea of this difference by 3 the start of a running match If you stand far away from the starter 发令员 you can see smoke 4 from his gun 5 the sound reaches your ears The fast speed of light produces some strange facts The nearest star is 6 far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7 at a speed of nearly two million kilometers every minute The light from some of tonight s started on 8 journey towards you even before you were born So if we want to be honest 诚实 we 9 say The stars are shining brightly tonight We have to say The stars look nice They were 10 four years ago but their light has just reached our earth 7 happy interest problem never get away eye run tire have miss catch think A man was sitting in the doctor s office He was telling the doctor about his 1 I like football Doctor He said Please help me My life has 2 been a good one since I became 3 in football and it is getting worse and worse I can t even 4 from it in my sleep When I close my 5 I m out there in the football field and 6 after a flying ball When I wake up I m more 7 than I was before I went to bed What am I going to do The doctor sat back and said First of all you 8 to do your best not to dream 做梦 about football Before you fall asleep try to 9 about something else Try to think that you are at a party and someone is going to give you several million dollars Are you crazy 疯了 the man shouted I ll 10 the ball 8 other move enough find desert make use another friend carry trouble friend You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world but it is not true In the desert we can 1 stones We can see hills too There is a little rain in the 2 but it is not 3 for most plants The animals are 4 to the desert people in many ways The desert people eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals They use their skins to 5 shoes water bags and even tents 帐篷 They use the camels 骆驼 for 6 things The people of the desert have to keep 7 from places to place They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals They usually live in the tents When there is mo more food for their animals they take down their tents put them on the camels and move to 8 place The desert people are very 9 No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10 and give them food and water 9 how they winter summer spend care dance take show open only good The world of the out of doors is full of secrets And 1 are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy studying them All around us are birds animals trees and flowers The facts about 2 they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be Do you know that one of the great presidents of the United States 3 hours and hours studying birds A businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects 昆虫 that he began to collect them He now has more than one thousand different kinds 4 kept in the glass boxes Come then with me and I will help you find some of Nature s secrets Let us go quietly through the woods and fields Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other rabbits that there is danger We shall follow a mother bear and her young ones as they search for food and get ready for 5 sleep We shall watch bees 6 in the air to let other bees know where they can find food I will 7 you many other interesting things but the 8 thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears 9 when you go out of doors Nature tells her secrets 10 to people who look and listen carefully 10 two sudden cold teach in surprise French hot beard photo office passport China Mr Hill arrives at London Airport at the end of a three week holiday in 1 Usually he wears a beard 蓄着胡须 Since it has been 2 there he has taken it off 剃掉 But his passport photo shows him with his 3 An officer looks at the 4 for a moment and says Will you excuse me Please sit down I shan t keep you long With this he walks away shows the photo to a second 5 and says I know that 5 face The second officer looks at the 6 and asks where Mr Hill has come from When he hears that Mr Hill has arrived back from Paris the 7 officer smiles and says An Englishman with a beard stole a painting in Paris on Friday And that man looks just the kind of man 8 it comes to the first officer who Mr Hill is He returns to him and asks Did you9 at the No 2 High School When Mr Hill answers 10 that he did the first officer smiles and says I thought so I m Jack Smith You taught me French You haven t changed a bit 11 how much safe thank play be invent no so interest must ask Thomas Edison was a great American 1 When he was a child he was always 2 questions and trying out new ideas No matter 3 hard it was he never gave up Young Tom was in school for only three months His teacher didn t understand why he had 4 many strange questions Most of them were not about his lessons The teacher didn t want to teach Tom any 5 He asked Tom s mother to take the boy home Tom s mother taught him to read and write and she found him 6 a very good pupil He learnt very fast and became very 7 in science One day he saw a little boy 8 on the railway tracks at a station A train was coming near quiclly and the boy was too frightened to move Edison rushed out and carried the boy to 9 The boy s father was so 10 that he taught Edison to send messages by telegraph 12 as sleep dream like again about think must wake up quick much why Dreams 梦 may be more important than sleep We all need to dream some scientists say Dreams take up about one quarter of our 1 time People have several 2 each night Dreams are like short films They are usually in colour Some dreams are 3 old films They come to us over and over 4 That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer Some people get new ideas 5 their work from dreams They may have been 6 about their work all day These thoughts can carry over into dreams Sometimes we 7 with a good feeling from a dream But often we can t remember the dream Dreams can disappear 消失 8 from memory 记忆 Too much dreaming can be harmful 有害的 The 9 we sleep the longer we dream The mind is hard at work when we dream That is 10 we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired 13 see looked for hunt dog kill wolf die tear remind back hunt his remember More than seven hundred years ago the Prince of Wales had a very big and brave dog called Gelert One day the Prince wanted to go 1 with his men He told his 2 to stay at home and look after his baby son The baby was in a wooden cradle 摇篮 which was like a small bed When the Prince came back from hunting Gelert ran out to meet his master He wagged his tail and jumped up to put his paws 前爪 on the Prince s chest Then the Prince saw the blood on Gelert s jaws and head What have you done the Prince said He rushed into his house and 3 his baby son The cradle was lying on its side on the floor The clothes were torn and there was blood on them So you have killed my son the Prince said angrily You unfaithful dog He took out his sword 剑 and 4 the dog Just as Gelert was 5 he managed to bark Then the Prince heard a baby call to the dog The Prince ran out of the house and saw his son