2010年职称英语考试试题综合类B级

共 13 页 第 1 页 第第 1 1 部分 词汇选项 第部分 词汇选项 第 1 1 15 15 题 每题题 每题 1 1 分 共分 共 1 1 5 5 分 分 下面每个句子中均有下面每个句子中均有 1 1 个个词词或短或短语语划有底横划有底横线线 请为请为每每处处划划线线部分确定部分确定 1 1 个意个意义义最最 为为接近的接近的选项选项 1 Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment A angerB doubtC loveD surprise 2 The document was compiled by the Department of Health A writtenC attachedB printedD sent 3 He s spent years cultivating a knowledge of art A sharingB usingC denyingD developing 4 We ve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues A clearB regularC quickD great 5 Her father was a quiet man with graceful manner A politeB similarC usualD bad 6 I want to provide my boys with a decent education A goodB specialC privateD general 7 In the process the light energy converts to heat energy A reducesB changesC leavesD drops 8 Many cities have restricted smoking in public places A limitedB allowedC stoppedD kept 9 What are my chances of promotion if I stay here A retirement B advertisement C advancementD replacement 10 If we leave now we should miss the traffic A directB stopC mixD avoid 11 There was a profound silence after his remark A proudB shortC suddenD deep 12 I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues A longB boringC originalD humorous 13 The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village A caughtB killedC foundD jailed 14 Such a database would be extremely costly to set up A transferB destroyC establishD update 15 The two banks have announced plans to merge next year A combineB sellC closeD break 第第 2 2 部分 阅读判断 第部分 阅读判断 第 1616 2222 题 每题题 每题 1 1 分 共分 共 7 7 分 分 下面的短文后列出了下面的短文后列出了 7 7 个句子 个句子 请请根据短文的内容根据短文的内容对对每个句子做出判断 如果每个句子做出判断 如果该该句提句提 供的是正确信息 供的是正确信息 请选择请选择 A A 如果 如果该该句提供的是句提供的是错误错误信息 信息 请选择请选择 B B 如果 如果该该句的信息文中句的信息文中 没有提及 没有提及 请选择请选择 C C 共 13 页 第 2 页 A Great Quake Coming Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area and they can be devastating In 1906 for example a major quake destroyed about 28 000 buildings and killed hundreds perhaps thousands of people Residents now wonder when the next Big One will strike It s bound to happen someday At least seven active fault 断层 lines run through the San Francisco area Faults are places where pieces of Earth s crust 地壳 slide past each other When these pieces slip the ground shakes To prepare for that day scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time During small earthquakes faults rupture 断裂 at about 2 7 kilometers per second During bigger quakes however ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3 5 kilometers per second At such high speeds massive amounts of pressure build up generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself Lucky for San Francisco these pressure pulses 脉冲 traveled away from the City during the 1906 event As bad as the damage was it could have been far worse Looking ahead scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906 Since then the area has been relatively quiet Patterns in the data however suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes Still more than 84 percent of the city s buildings are old and weak Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while According to the new research however it s not a matter of if the Big One will hit It s just a matter of when 16 The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned 17 The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned 18 The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3 5 kilometers per second A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906 A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned 20 San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon A RightB WrongC Not 共 13 页 第 3 页 mentioned 22 A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned 第第 3 3 部分 撅括大意与完成句子 第部分 撅括大意与完成句子 第 2323 3030 题 每题题 每题 1 1 分 分 共共 8 8 分 分 下面的短文后有下面的短文后有 2 2 项测试项测试任任务务 1 1 第第 23 2623 26 题题要求从昕要求从昕给给的的 6 6 个个选项选项中中为为第第 2 52 5 段每段段每段选择选择 1 1 个最佳个最佳标题标题 2 2 第 第 27 3027 30 题题要求从所要求从所给给的的 6 6 个个选项选项中中为为每个句子确定每个句子确定 1 1 个个 最佳最佳选项选项 Natural Gas 1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth s surface It is a fossil fuel 矿物燃料 meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago The main component of natural gas is methane 甲烷 2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure 基础设施 has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential commercial and industrial customers worldwide Today natural gas service is available in all 50 states in the U S and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries More than 65 million American homes use natural gas In fact natural gas is the most economical source for home energy needs costing one third as much as electricity In addition to heating homes much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products from paint to fibers for clothing to plastics for healthcare computing and furnishings Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity generating power plants 3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available It emits 发出 less pollution than other fossil fuel sources When natural gas is burned it produces mostly carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 and water vapor the same substances emitted when humans breathe Compared with some other fossil fuels natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted 燃烧 making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all 4 The United States consumes about one third of the world s natural gas output making it the largest gas consuming region in the world The U S Department of Energy s Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025 5 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth s surface The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia West and North Africa and the Middle East LNG 液化天然气 has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades Today the leading importers of LNG are Japan Korea France and Spain 23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 3 A Popularity and use of natural gas B Natural gas reserves and supply 共 13 页 第 4 页 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 C Natural gas prices D Clean fuel of choice E Disadvantages of natural gas F Natural gas consumption 27 Natural gas is stored deep 28 Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source 29 When manufacturing many different products people commonly use natural gas 30 It is estimated that by 2025 the natural gas demand in the United States will increase A over the past 50 years B beneath the earth s surface C by more than 50 percent D for more than four decades E as a raw material F for home energy needs 第第 4 4 部分 阅读理解 第部分 阅读理解 第 3131 4545 题 每题题 每题 3 3 分 共分 共 4545 分 分 下面有下面有 3 3 篇短文 每篇短文后有篇短文 每篇短文后有 5 5 道道题题 请请根据短文内容 根据短文内容 为为每每题题确定确定 1 1 个晟佳个晟佳选项选项 第一篇第一篇 Walking to Exercise the Brain Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve students grades Think again Getting some exercise may help too New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn t exercise Previous research had shown that mice learn remember and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don t Their brain cells also make more connections Neuroscientists 神经科学家 from the University of lllinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for people First they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults ages 58 t077 after each person walked l mile Then participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task and their answers were just as accurate as their less fit peers the researchers found The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions In a second study 15 elderly people who completed a 6 month aerobic training 有氧 运动 course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning 韵律操 exercises for the same amount of time So even going for a walk every 20r 3 days for just 10 t045 minutes can help That should be good news for the elderly 共 13 页 第 5 页 The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven t been studied yet Still it can t hurt to take occasional breaks and go for a walk or run around with friends Whatever you do though don t try to read and walk at the same time You could end up hurting yourself 31 Walking regularly helps elderly people A lose weight B become happier C concentrate better D look younger 32 After taking exercise for a few weeks the mice were found to have A higher blood pressure B faster heartbeat C more blood flow to the bran D better appearance 33 The first study on 41 elderly people found A the less fit participants did arrow tasks faster B the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster C the less fit participants gave more accurate answers D the fitter participants gave more accurate answers 34 It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least A 3 minutes B 45 minutes C 30 minutes D 10 minutes 35 It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should A run around once a week B not read and walk at the same time C go for a walk every day D not hurt their friends while exercising 第二篇第二篇 Night of the Living Ants When an ant dies other ants move the dead insect out of the nest This behavior is interesting to scientists who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is dead Dong Hwan Choe a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants I m dead take me away But there s a twist to Choe s discovery Choe says that the living ants not just the dead ones have this death chemical In other words while an ant crawls around perhaps in a picnic or home it s telling other ants that it s dead What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead Choe found that Argentine ants 共 13 页 第 6 页 have two additional chemicals on their bodies and these tell nearby ants something like Wait I m not dead yet So Choe s research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants one says I m dead the other set says I m not dead yet Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead If an ant is knocked unconscious other ants leave it alone until it wakes up That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies the chemical that says Wait I m not dead yet quickly goes away Once that chemical is gone only the one that says I m dead is left It s because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it Gets carried to the graveyard 墓地 not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death said Choe When other ants detect the dead chemical without the not dead yet chemical they haul away the body This was Choe s hypothesis 假设 To test his hypothesis Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae 蛹 When the scientists used the I m dead chemical other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away When the scientists used the Wait I m not dead yet chemical other ants left the treated pupae alone Choe believes this behavior shows that the not dead yet chemical overrides 优胜于 the dead chemical when picked up by adult ants And that when an ant dies the not dead yet chemical fades away Other nearby ants then detect the remaining dead chemical and remove the body from the nest 36 The phrase this death chemical in paragraph 3 refers to A the chemical that contains poison B the chemical that announces death C the chemical that prevents death D the chemical that causes death 37 Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants A Ants know very soon that another ant is dead B When an ant is dead others move its body out of the nest C If an ant is unconscious it s moved out of the nest D Living ants have the I m dead chemical on their bodies 38 According to Choe s hypothesis A the I m dead chemical leaves the body of an ant when it dies B an ant still smells like a living one when it dies C an ant gives off a new chemical when it dies D the I m not dead yet chemical leaves the body of an ant when it dies 39 According to paragraph 7 what is the result of the test on Choe s hypothesis A it shows that his hypothesis is wrong B his hypothesis is convincing C It suggest that his hypothesis needs revising D Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis 40 The passage Night of the Living Ants tells about 共 13 页 第 7 页 A how an ant is moved out of the nest at night B what an ant does at night C how an ant finds its way in darkness D what happens when an ant dies 注注释释 1 night night 个多义词 其比喻意义是 死亡 即本篇短文标题中该词的意 思 标题是用了逆喻的修辞手法 2 the University of California 加利福尼亚大学 位于美国西部的公立高等学校系统 目前拥有 10 所大学 包括 加州大学伯克利分校 Berkeley 洛杉矶分校 Los Angeles 圣地亚哥分校 San Diego 圣克鲁兹分校 Santa Cruz 等 3 Argentine 阿根廷 位于南美洲的国家 4 But there s a twist to Choe s discovery 然而 Choe 又有了新的出乎意料的发现 Twist 有 出人意料的变化 的意思 5 本句 it s telling other ants that it s dead 中两个 it 指代前面爬行中 的蚂 蚁 也就是下段第一句中的 the living dead 6 turned up 发现 找到 7 treated pupae 经过处理的蛹 即被科学家涂抹上化学药剂的蛹 练习练习 1 What is meant by death chemical mentioned in paragraph 3 A A chemical that contains poison B A chemical that causes death C A chemical that announces death D A chemical that prevents death 2 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the question What keeps ants from hauling way the living dead A How do ants know what is to be hauled away from the dead ants B What prevents ants from removing the ants that are not yet dead C What do ants do to keep themselves away from the dying ants D What prevents ants from being carded away after they die 3 What is NOT true about Choe s finding A When an ant dies it produces a I am dead signal B Living ants have the death chemical on their bodies C Ants have two sets of chemicals on their bodies D Ants have the I am not dead chemical on their bodies 4 According to Choe s hypothesis A an ant still smells like a living when it dies B the I am dead chemical leaves the ant s body when it dies C the I am not dead yet chemical is left when an ant dies 共 13 页 第 8 页 D the I am not dead yet chemical leaves the ant s body when it dies 5 What is the result of the test on Choe s hypothesis A It proves that his hypothesis is true B Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis C It shows that his hypothesis is wrong D It indicates that his hypothesis needs revising 答案与答案与题题解 解 1 C 根据文章第二段和第三段的表述 阿根廷蚂蚁身上有种化学物质 它会告诉其他蚂 蚁 I am dead 文章没有说这种物质有毒 也没有说它能导致或预防死亡 所以其他三项 都是错误的选择 2 B keep sb from doing sth 这个句型的意思是 使 不做 阻止 去 做 所以只有 B 是正确理解 3 A 第三段和第四段告诉我们 蚂蚁身上会带有两种化学气味 I am not dead yet 和 I am dead 这层意思分别在 B C 和 D 中的表述出现 短文的第六段告诉我们 蚂蚁死 去时 I am not dead yet 的气味就离开了它的躯体 剩下的就是 I am dead 的气味 I am dead 的气味不是死后新产生的化学物质 所以 A 是正确的选择 4 D 短文第六段告诉我们 当 I am not dead yet 化学物质离开蚂蚁的躯体 I m dead is left 这里 be left 的意思是 留了下来 所以 其他选项都是错误理解 5 A 最后一段告诉我们 Choe 和他的研究小组用阿根廷蚂蚁蛹进行实验 结果与他的 假设吻合 即证实了他的假设 第三篇第三篇 The Iceman On a September day in 1991 two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy High Lip on a mountain pass they found the body of a man lying on the ice At that height 10 499 feet or 3 200 meters the ice is usually permanent but 1991 had been an especially warm year The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface It was lying face downward The skeleton 骨架 was in perfect condition except for a wound in the head There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes The hangs were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark 树皮 and a holder for arrows Who was this man How and when had he died Everybody had a different answer to these questions Some people thought that it was from this century perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I since several soldiers had already been found in the area A Swiss woman believed it might be her father who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older maybe even a thousand years old With modern dating techniques the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5 300 years old Born in about 3300 B C he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains More recent evidence however tells a different story A new kind of X ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder It left only a tiny hole in his skin but it 共 13 页 第 9 页 caused internal damage and bleeding He almost certainly died from this wound and not from the wound on the back of his h