高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编（五）5.doc

广西灵山县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选编（五）2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we dont seeand guide whether we see fear.”To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear.“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said.“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”1What is the finding of the study?A. Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.B. Fear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat.C. Fear has something to do with ones health. D. Ones heart affects how he feels fear.2The study was carried out by analyzing _.A. volunteers reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scansB. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditionsC. volunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible picturesD. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heartbrain communication3Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?A. Order. B. Machine.C. System. D. Treatment.4This study may contribute to _ A. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety B. treating anxiety and stress betterC. finding the key to the heartbrain communication D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads参考答案14、DACB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。(The Improving Economic Situation In Greece) Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from invisible earnings to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports. It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus - $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities. In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I dont mean to minimize the vast extent of Greeces problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here: “Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek governments red tape and shrewdness about small points.” Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook. Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.1.The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage isA Greek income and expenditures.The improving economic situation in Greece.C The value of tourism.D Military expenditures.2.Many peasants earn less thanA $60 a week.$2 a week.C $1 a day.D $10 a month.3.The Greek Government spendsA more than 25%of its budget on military terms.More than its collects.C A third of a billion dollars in gold.D Less than 25% of its budget on military terms.4.According to the passage, Greece hasA a dictatorship.a monarchy.C a single majority party.D too much red tape.5.Greece imports annually goods and materialsA totaling almost $700 million.that balance exports.C that are paid by tourists.D costing $66 million.Vocabulary1.remittance 汇款（额）2.wash out 洗掉，取消、告吹、冲掉、筋疲力尽3.drachma 古希腊银币 德拉克马（现代希腊货币单位）4.lot 份额5.incompatible 水火不相容的，不能共存的6.coalesce （政党）联合，愈合，接合7.highlight 光线最强处，最重要部分，最精彩场面8.margin （成本和售价的）差额，空白，边缘9.bog down 陷于困境，使停顿10.red tape 官样文章，烦琐和拖拉的公务程序11.shrewdness 清明，机灵12.deadlock 僵局，僵持；使陷于僵局难句译注1. Greece, economically is in the black.【参考译文】希腊经济上说是赢利/富裕的2. With very little export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from invisible earnings to pay its needed, growing imports.【参考译文】除了农产品，如烟草、棉花和水果之外，希腊没有什么出口货，但它从“无形的收益”中挣不少，足够致富所需的一切日益增长的进口货。3. This washes out almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.【参考译文】这笔钱冲掉了进口超过出口近4亿美元的差额。4. So far most American and other foreign attempts have bogged down in the Greek governments red tape and shrewdness about small points.【参考译文】到目前为止由于希腊政府那种繁琐而又拖拉的公务程序和对小事的精明，大多数美国和其他国家的尝试的工作都陷入困境。5. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.【参考译文】他们绝望地陷于意见和观点完全分歧的僵局之中。6. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris and Rome without the sky-high prices of traffic chocked streets of either.【参考译文】喷气式飞机的发展使雅典和巴黎、罗马一样很容易到达，却没有那两个城市的交通堵塞的接到的高昂代价。写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇以过去和现在对比的手法，论述了希腊经济，主要是旅游业的发展。过去，希腊以无形资产赢得之利润，来消除赤字，还可稍有节余。但贫穷、事业情况严重，政府办事拖拉、繁琐也影响国外的投资，虽然早在1956年就准备扩展旅游业，但意见分歧。现在，情况大变，就旅游一项年收入由3100万增至9000万美元。答案详解1. B 希腊经济形式的改善。文章围绕这一中心而写。文章一开始就提出希腊出口除了农产品之外，没有什么东西，而无形资产如旅游、运输和国外的汇款等可挣得37500万美元。两项加在一起来抵消入超赤字近4亿美元，稍有结余。第三段指出，希腊是自由欧洲最穷的国家，许多农民年收入为6070美元。失业现象席卷城市乡镇，建立工业基地的自然资源极少。政府的繁琐事务程序，关注琐事等情况使美国和其他国家试图展开工作陷于停滞状态。第四段开始指出1956年起开拓旅游业，不过意见还是分歧。第五断提出今天惊人的变化，美丽的历史古城呈现新貌，就旅游一项收入由3100万增至9000万美元。旅馆面貌大变。A.希腊的收支。C.旅游的价值。D.军事费用。2. B少于2美元一星期。文章第三段第三句：最佳情况，年收入为6070美元使大多数农民的份额。所以B项最接近年收入。A.60美元一星期。C.一天一美元。D.一个月10美元。3. A 百分之25以上用于军事。第二段：虽然四个德拉克马中有一个用于国防，政府最终还稍有结余6600万美元。B.比收入的还多。C.十亿金子中的三分之一。D.少于百分之25。4. C单一大党。第二段：希腊的政府不依靠水火不相容的政党之间的合作来取得一会的多数席位，这说明是单一大党。A.独裁、专政。B.君主政体。D.太多的繁琐程序。5. A总计几乎在7亿美元左右。第一段中提到希腊出口商品价值28500万美元，而进口超出出口4亿美元。两者相加为6亿2千5百万美元，相当于几乎在7亿美元左右。B.和出口平衡。C.由旅游者支付。D.花费6600万美元。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014一模】LONDON (Reuters)Ecotourism is causing a lot of damage to wildlife and may be endangering the survival of the very animals people are flocking to see, according to researchers.Biologists and conservationists are worried because polar bears, dolphins, penguins and other creatures are getting stressed and losing weight and some are dying.Evidence is growing that many animals do not react well to tourists in their backyard，” New Scientist magazine said.The immediate effects researchers have noticed are changes in behavior, heart rates. or stress hormone levels but they fear it could get much worse and over the long term “ could endanger the survival of the very wildlife they want to see. ”Although money produced through ecotourism, which has been growing at about 10-30 percent a year, has major benefits for poor countries and people living in rural areas, the Swiss-based World Conservation Union (IUCN) and some governments fear not all projects are audited（审计） and based on environmentally friendly policies，according to the magazine.Transmission of disease to wildlife，or small changes to wildlife health through disturbance of daily life or increased stress levels, while not obvious to the casual observer, may translate to lower survival and breeding，” said Philip Seddon , of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand.Scientists have noticed that bottleneck dolphins along the northeastern coast of New Zealand become nervously excited when tourist boats arrive. Similar changes in behavior have been observed in polar bears and yellow-eyed penguins in areas visited by colorists are producing smaller babies.Conservationists are now calling for more research into the effect of ecotourism on animals and say the industry must be developed carefully. They also want studies done before new ecotourism projects are started.“The animals welfare should be very important because without them there will be no ecotourism，” said Rochelle Constantine of the University of Auckland in New Zealand【小题1】Which is not discovered to have changed in animals disturbed by tourists? A. behavior B. birth rate C. hormone levels D. heart rates【小题2】We may learn from the text that _.A. ecotourism must be developed properlyB. polar bears are losing weight without enough foodC. all the poor countries have stopped ecotourismD. money produced through ecotourism should be spent on wildlife【小题3】Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text? A. Many animals do not react well in their backyardB. Studies should be done before new ecotourism projects are startedC. Ecotourism has been growing at about 1030 percent a year.D. polar bears in areas visited by ecotourists are producing smaller babies.【小题4】What Rochelle Constantine said in the last paragraph implies that _.A. if people want to get high income, they must develop ecotourismB. animals have rights to live their own lifeC. animals are peoples good friendsD. people should take good care of wildlife【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】D【解析】考点：考查新闻报道类短文阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语仿真模拟试题】The pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the 188m LoB is already beginning to tale shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea. the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning,“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital. Providing 24-hour services which can be used through, many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other sm