2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习 阅读理解强化练习（十六）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读理解强化练习 十六 届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读理解强化练习 十六 9 Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans These machines can do jobs in places that are too dangerous for humans For example they are being developed to work in nuclear power center deep under the oceans and in outer space John Marrit a psychologist 心理学家 in Williamsburg Massachusetts helped develop the new machine This is how they work A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who operates it The person wears special hard hat with television screens and sound equipment The screens and sound equipment let the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing Mr Marrit says this gives the person the feeling of being in the same place as the machine The idea he says is being there without going there The person uses an electronic control to make the machine move The machine copies the person s movements exactly If the person raises his right arm the machine raises the right arm too This means an expert can do a dangerous job while staying in the safe place For example a person can direct the machine to destroy a bomb without going near the bomb himself 1 The new kind of machine being introduced in the passage is A in existence B only an idea C being tried out D being researched and developed 2 The machine A follows the person s order B is controlled by a computer C does exactly what the person does D is controlled by a television on the person s head 3 The difference between such a new machine and a robot is that A the new machine is more difficult to make than a robot B the new machine is more difficult to be controlled C a robot is controlled by man indirectly D a robot can t be used in places too dangerous or faraway 答案与解析 科学家正在开发一种代替人的机器 这种机器能代替人们从事一些危险的工 作 1 D 判断题 从第 1 句话 Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans 可以看出 既然是正在开发当中 那肯定还未形成 2 C 语义理解题 从第 2 段中的 The machine copies the person s movements exactly 可以明显看出为什么选 C 的原因 A 项有一定的干扰性 但这种机器是人通过电控开关控制 的 所以应排除 3 A 判断题 这种机器还在开发当中 而机器人则有几十年历史了 由此可以肯定答案应 该选 A 10 Honeybees 用心 爱心 专心 2 Honeybees can do three kinds of jobs The honeybee is one of the most unusual insects in the world Bees are special because they divide up their work Each bee has a certain job to do The busiest bee is the worker Workers build the nest called a hive Inside the hive workers make a honeycomb from wax 蜂蜡 They store honey there for food Workers are always cleaning and fixing the hive They even stand at the opening and fan their wings to cool the hive Worker bees will attack anything even people to keep their hive safe Another kind of bee is the drone 雄蜂 Drones are male bees and their job is to fly with the queen bee and mate with her After the queen mates the worker bees drive the drones away The drones then starve to death The third kind of bee is the queen Each hive needs only one queen and her job is laying eggs She can lay as many as 2 000 eggs a day 1 The bee s nest is called a A drone B honeycomb C hive D wax 2 Wax is used to make the A nest B honeycomb C fan D hive 3 Which jobs do workers do A They lay 2 000 eggs each day and build a nest B They mate with the queen bee and then starve C They clean the hive and keep it cool D They attack the queen bee 4 According to the story bees A are very dangerous insects B will attack anything or anyone to protect the hive if necessary C are like any other insect that flies D eat each other as food 5 The drone is driven away when its job is finished because A it attacked the workers B it is no longer needed in the hive C the queen bee has died D it ate the queen bee 答案与解析 本文介绍了蜜蜂社会的分工及生活情况 1 C 细节题 根据句子 Workers build the nest called a hive 可推知此题答案为 C 2 B 细节题 根据句子 Inside the hive workers make a honeycomb from wax 可推知 此题答案为 B 3 C 细节题 根据第 3 段第 3 句和第 4 两句工蜂总是打扫蜂房 用翅膀扇凉蜂房可推知此 题答案为 C 4 B 细节题 根据文章第 3 段最后一句 工蜂为了保护蜂房的安全会对包括人类在内的任 何东西进行攻击 由此可推知此题答案为 B 5 B 推断题 根据文章第 4 段所说雄蜂的工作就是跟蜂后交配 任务完成后 它已无存在 的必要 于是 就被工蜂赶走饿死 由此可推知此题答案为 B 11 用心 爱心 专心 3 American doctors say that mothers who smoke cigarettes before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies lungs They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life Doctors in Boston Massachusetts studied 1 100 children The mothers of some of the children smoked the other mothers did not Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers smoked were 8 less developed than the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke and that the children whose mothers smoked developed 20 more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of developing lung cancer if their mothers smoked The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters and that the father s smoking did not affect a child s chance of developing lung cancer 1 Mother who smokes before her child is born may A slow the growth of her baby s lung B cause her baby to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life C make her child develop lung cancer D All of above are right 2 Doctors in Boston studied 1 100 children to A examine whether these children were healthy B find out whether their mothers had smoked C find why these children suffered breathing problems and lung disease D look into the effect that mother s smoking had on their children 3 Suppose John s father was a heavy smoker so was Mary s mother According this passage A John is more likely to develop lung cancer B Mary is more likely to develop lung cancer C John and Mary have the same chance to develop cancer D neither John nor Mary has the chance to develop cancer 4 This passage is to A warn us of the danger of smoking before children B warn people with breathing problems not to smoke C warn us that mothers who smoke may affect their children s health D warn us that fathers who smoke may affect their children as mothers 1 4 DDAC 答案与解析 本文介绍了母亲吸烟对孩子身体健康的影响 来源 Zxxk Com 1 D 推断题 根据文章第 1 段第一 二句及第 2 段第 1 句可推知此题答案为 D 2 D 推断题 根据文章第 1 段中介绍 Doctors in Boston 的实验结果 可推知此题答案 为 D 3 B 推断题 文章第 2 段说 最近另一项研究发现 如果母亲吸烟 那么孩子得肺癌打 骂能性会增大 研究还表明 儿子得肺癌的危险性增加 而女儿没有 父亲吸烟对小孩得肺 癌的可能性无影响 从而可推知此题答案为 B 4 C 主旨题 根据文章第 1 句 最后一句及全文内容可推知此题答案为 C 用心 爱心 专心 4 12 You can not see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes Some of the things you see give off light of their own The sun the stars a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light Such things are luminous Most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own They are simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous bodies The moon for example does not give off any light of its own It is non luminous You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of it reflects in our direction So moon light is only second hand sunlight When you look at a book it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it and you see the book If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light for the book to reflect then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all Light reaches us from the moon which is about 380 000 kilometers away in only a little more than a second 1 You can see the book because A your eyes are close to it B it reflects some of the sunlight C it has light of its ownD your eyesight can get to it 2 The underlined word luminous means A visibleB all colorsC giving off lightD sunlight 3 have light of their own A The sun and the moonB The stars and the earth C The sun and the starsD The moon and the earth 4 Which of the following is true A All the things you can see give off light B Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon C The moment you open your eyes the light from the book travels to your eyes D Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read 1 4 BCCC 答案与解析 本文介绍了光的种类及其特征 1 B 细节题 根据文章第文章第 2 段第 1 句 it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it 可推知此题答案为 B 2 C 词义猜测题 根据文章第 2 段第 2 句 Some of the things you see give off light of their own 和第 4 句 Such things are luminous 可推知此题答案为 C 3 C 推断题 根据文章第 1 段第 3 句 The sun the stars a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light 可推知此题答案为 C 4 C 推断题 根据文章最后一段第 1 句 Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all 可推知此题答案为 C 13 After a hole was made in a cork 软木塞 a narrow glass tube was pushed into it 用心 爱心 专心 5 and the cork was pushed into the neck of a bottle filled with colored water On doing this some of the colored water rose in the tube The level of the colored water in the tube was marked Then the bottle was placed into a basin of hot water Almost at once the water level in the tube fell a little but then it began to rise until the water overflowed 1 Which of the following drawings shows the right water level in the tube as soon as the bottle was put into a basin of hot water M mark 2 According to this passage which of the above drawings is most close to the final result of the experiment A A B B C C D D 3 The experiment seems to prove that A the volume 体积 of liquids can increase more than that of solids when they are heated B the volume of solids can increase more than that of liquids when they are heated C some liquids and solids get bigger when they become hot D all liquids and solids don t change their shape when they become hot 答案与解析 这是一篇对做一简单实验步骤的说明 1 A 细节题 由文章最后两句 Then the bottle was placed into a basin of hot water Almost at once the water level in the tube fell a little but then it began to rise until the water overflowed 可知答案为 A 2 B 细节题 从文中第二段 水开始上升 直到最后流了出来 可知 B 项为正确答案 3 C 推断题 从实验结果 水因受热膨胀最后流了出来 可知答案选 C 14 As people continue to grow and age our body systems 系统 continue to change At a certain point in your life your body systems will begin to weaken Your strength may become weaker It may become more difficult for you to see and hear The slow change of aging causes our bodies to lose some of their ability to bounce back from disease and injury In order to live longer we have always tried to slow or stop this change that leads us toward the end of our lives Many factors 因素 decide your health A good diet plays an important role the amount and type of exercise you get is another factor Your living condition is yet another But scientists studying aging problem want to know Why do people grow old They hope that by studying the aging medical science they may be able to make the length of life longer There is nothing to